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Copyright of Revista de Psicoterapia is the property of Revista de Psiquiatria y Psicologia Humanista, S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The scientific journalism of this article deals with a common exception in the specialized environment about various mental disorders associated with stress and its comorbidity, inadequate confrontation by the patient/family, its genetic-epigenetic condition and the deficient management provided by some health professionals. The disdain of psychotherapeutic management (prejudice-lack of preparation) hinders the adequate attention of cases. It is of the utmost importance to develop proper maternal and filial attachment, adequate measures for the achievement of social mental health and assistance programs to attend the cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Disasters are large-scale events which are often unexpected. Usually more attention is paid to the material and physical consequences of disasters. However, interventions in disaster situations are incomplete if mental health issues are not addressed. This work aims to review the psychosocial consequences associated with a disaster, including mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorders, depressive disorders, psychoactive substance abuse, etc., and the psychosocial consequences in the family structure, highlighting the possible risk factors related to their presentation. The intervention strategies are varied and depend on the time, the person and the level of action. It is necessary that we, as a country, have different intervention strategies and models to try to mitigate the psychosocial impact of disasters. Nevertheless, there continue to be barriers in the management of mental health, so it is necessary to consider possible future directions in order to achieve a lower impact on society and an earlier recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disasters affect all members of a community; however, not all react in the same way. It is therefore essential to identify those who require specialized interventions, and establish appropriate referral and treatment pathways for different mental health services. Authors synthesize recommendations from evidence-based interventions to inform mental health care efforts for populations exposed to disasters, specifically in relation to screening, referral and psychological treatment. The authors propose a comprehensive model of coordinated efforts that uses existing services and infrastructure. This aims to incentivize future inter-institutional collaboration and a greater professionalization of public mental health in México [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Analyze results with respect to cortisol reactivity (CR) in experimental stress paradigms in adults with or without a psychiatric disorder who suffered violence in early developmental stages (infancy or early adolescence); and use these results to propose a clinical tool to determine biological stress indicators. Methods. A systematic review was conducted using several databases and following PRISMA criteria; of a total of 231 articles, 16 satisfied the inclusion criteria and the results were analyzed qualitatively. Results. Despite heterogeneity, the results suggested that the people who suffered violence at an early age present a pattern of low CR. In contrast, people who also developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, regardless of the type of violence, showed increased CR. The majority of studies focused on people who suffered childhood sexual abuse and half of the articles supported the hypothesis that CR is more pronounced in men than in women. Conclusions. The results of this review suggest that cortisol hyperreactivity can be considered a biomarker for treatment and intervention in people with post-traumatic stress disorder and depression who suffered violence at an early age. The results also support evidence that experiencing violence alters stress response and mental health in the long term. However, it is necessary to conduct more studies, in particular studies on hyporeactivity and gender differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Describe the occurrence of potentially traumatic events (PTE) in high-school students, measure subthreshold post-traumatic symptomatology in those who still experience PTE repercussions and associate the symptomatology with sociodemographic and PTE characteristics. Materials and methods. Analytic transversal study carried out in a convenience sample of one thousand students from three high schools in the State of Mexico. The Scale for Post Traumatic Stress in University Students was applied. The presence of symptoms, their frequency and their association with explanatory variables was assessed by means of logistic and quantile logistic regression models, respectively. Results. 80% reported PTE. Of this, 79% still experienced current repercussions and almost a half presented symptomatology. Gender, number of events and PTE characteristics (perceived and grave symptoms) were associated. Conclusions. Results suggest to intervene early to reduce the risk of developing a disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive: the aim of the present study is to describe the cognitive performance on group of people whom have lived trough situations involving traumas associated with car bombings at their work facilities. Material and Methods: descriptive and correlational study that included a sample of 50 patients divided in two groups: one made up of 25 participants that were affected by traumatic experience associated with car bombing. In the other group of 25, participants that worked in the same facility; but have not had, any type of traumatic events. The groups were assimilated in various demographic variables; sex, age, socioeconomic, marital, and academic status. The tests were applied and evaluated cognitive domains of attention, memory and executive functioning. Results: comparison between both groups shows differences in the executive function tests, which may be related to alterations in the functioning of the frontal lobe. Conclusion: it is to discuss the need to take into account both the different statistics and the clinical relevance of the results, and offering the suggestion to include an assessment and intervention of the victims with post-traumatic stress variables of Neuropsychological aspects that can affect, reintegration and academic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, we have enough literature about brain findings in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A bibliographical review of the articles published in the last years related to neuroanatomv and neurophysiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is presented. The aims of this review are: to describe the hypotheses that relate the neuroanatomics disorders and the typical symptomatology of the TEPT, and to describe the neuropsychological profile and the treatments based in Neuroscience, taking into account that the methodological limitations of the studies do not allow to generalize these results. Finally, we raise the rehabilitation of the neuropsychological cognitive deficits shown by these patients, with a view to enhancing the effectiveness of psychological treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A cross-sectional study with a stratified-selected sample of 851 adults from 15 displaced people settlements in the city of Bucaramanga and metropolitan areas of Colombia was carried out in order to identify and describe symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Presence of the disorder was assessed with the CAPS and DTS scales, and current prevalence of psychological trauma was 21%. Associated factors established by means of Logistic Regression included Marital Status (particularly being married or living together); Age (OR = 1.02, p < 0.00); Education Level (OR = 1.06, p < 0.00), Alcohol Consumption Frequency (OR = 2.45, CI = 1.25-4.82) and Chronic Physical Disease (OR = 5.31, p < 0.000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sleep disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms are present in victims of sexual assault, being important to determine its possible frequency and associations. Objective: To explore sleep disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in female victims of rape. Material and methods: A systematic review was conducted with electronic databases. Criteria for considering studies for this review included all research on women up to 45 years of age, published in English and other languages from 1996 to 2005. Results: 25 studies were identified on the subject, which mention a frequency of sleep disorders elevated in female victims of rape and similar way post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. The information collected by the studies is based on clinical data and scales used. Only one study based on polysomnography was found reporting microstructurals sleep abnormalities in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusions: Sleep disorders and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in female victims of rape are more frequent in comparison with general population and this difference is clinical and statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]