Search

The Puyo-Tena roadway is prone to landslides due to the geodynamics, geomorphology, and geological materials of the area (unstable outcrops and strata). In recent years, this problem has persistently caused the road to be partially or completely disabled on numerous occasions. The objective of the research was to generate a cartographic model of landslides susceptibility based on variables such as slope, geological formations, land cover and land use, as well as distances to faults, road, and rivers. The degree of landslides incidence was estimated as the linear combination of the weighted variables using the analytic hierarchy process. The importance of this semi-quantitative method lies in its ability to break down a complex decision problem into a simpler and more coherent decision model. The resulting cartographic model was classified into five susceptibility categories: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The results showed that 17 km out of the 80 km of the Puyo-Tena roadway have a high probability of landslides, which is equivalent to 21.25% of the road. Furthermore, within this percentage, it was determined that there are fifteen regions with a high probability of landslides due to their location in areas with steep slopes, porous and permeable lithology, a large number of rivers, and agricultural soils. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used for model verification. The verification results showed that the cartographic model for the study area has an accuracy value of 83.7%. The cartographic model of landslide susceptibility will enable relevant decisions to be made to mitigate potential hazards that may endanger transporters, material goods, and residents of the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass removal phenomena are potentially dangerous because they cause damage to property and infrastructure in communities. Therefore, there is a growing governmental interest in knowing, studying and zoning these phenomena, developing projects and research that allow evaluating their behavior. In this work, the zoning of the susceptibility to mass removal phenomena will be obtained, in the vicinity of the municipality of Pueblo Bello, Cesar, upper basin of the Ariguaní River, located southwest of the Santa Marta Nevada massif. For the execution of this project, the discriminant statistical method was developed, taking into account the conditioning and triggering factors, which quantitatively determine the degree of influence that each geoenvironmental variable has on the generation of mass removal phenomena. These geoenvironmental factors were carried out by visiting strategic points within the area, in order to build maps of geology, superficial geological units, geomorphology, land cover and land use, achieving an analysis that led to the determination of homogeneous zones, failure mechanisms, characterization of drainage and its relationship with the phenomena of instability. In conclusion in the sector there is a higher category of medium susceptibility with 45.46%, followed by the low with 20.07%, the high with 17.40%, the very low with 10.31% and the very high category with 6.73%. The relationship with mass movements is higher in the very high category with 36.58%, followed by the average with 31.70%, the low with 14.63%, high with 9.75% and the very low with 7.31%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was carried out with the objective of knowing the levels of vulnerability of the Colinas del Este Sector of the Jipijapa Canton, for this purpose an area of 41,48 hectares was delimited, distributed in 4 sectors, in which 57 families live, which were surveyed, In order to know the physical conditions of their homes, basic services, as well as the economic income they receive, as a whole, it was possible to determine the index of susceptibility and adaptive capacity, establishing that sectors 1 and 4 have medium-high physical vulnerability, while sector 3 has very high physical vulnerability. It is important to highlight that in the last sector mentioned there is a Geomembrane in a state of deterioration, whose function is to prevent water leaks and therefore reduce future landslides, however, according to what was stated by Gonzales de Vallejo, there is a displacement considered as extremely slow conforming. Finally, it should be noted that during the 2015- 2019 period, the municipality of Jipijapa contemplated local development projects in the Territorial Planning and Development Plan, but none were implemented in the study area in order to improve the socioeconomic conditions that favor families in conditions of physical vulnerability. It is expected that the present investigation contributes to make visible the Colinas del Este sector, as a scenario that requires the respective Government attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cell cultures are a tool that allows the maintenance of cells in vitro preserving their physiological, biochemical and genetic characteristics to the maximum, which can present very diverse properties depending on the species, tissue of origin and the culture medium used. The use of dipteran cell cultures constitutes a valuable methodology in different disciplines, such as physiology, genetics, biochemistry and pathology; thus, for example, it has been possible to study various diseases of interest in both human and veterinary medicine. This review presents information on multiple cell lines of the order Diptera, which have been used to carry out studies of cell-cell interaction, intracellular flow of metabolites, production of bioinsecticides, viral amplification and production of antimicrobial peptides. In Colombia, 12 dipteran cell lines have been established, characterized and standardized, some of which have been used as substrates in studies of the biological cycle of parasites of the genus Leishmania, as well as in the evaluation of arbovirus susceptibility. In this trend, the information on cell lines derived from dipterans is analyzed and discussed in order to carry out this review of their characteristics and applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: the potato crop in Nariño, presents a significant number of commercial varieties, but diverse phytosanitary problems like the pathogen R. solani Kühn, affect its production and yield. Knowledge gap: there is no information in the department of Nariño, about the attack of this phytopathogen to different potato genotypes. Purpose: the objective of this research was to determine the damage caused by black scurf [R. solani Kühn] on five commercial potato varieties in the department of Nariño. Methodology: in three potato producing municipalities of the department of Nariño [Ipiales, Pasto and Túquerres], using a Randomized Complete Block Design [with four replications and five treatments] were evaluated these variables: incidence on emergence and sprouting, incidence on harvest, and Commercial yield. Finally, it was carried out analysis of variance, using Tukey's comparison tests. Results and Conclusions: in the locality of Túquerres, the highest percentage of incidence in emergence and sprouting was obtained [36,04%], with statistical differences comparison to the localities of Pasto [30,70%] and Ipiales [31,98%]. For the harvest incidence variable, the Roja Huila genotype [in Túquerres] was the most affected, reaching an incidence percentage of 19,94%. Finally, in the evaluation of commercial Yield, the Superior genotype [in Pasto] presented the best performance, with an average of 22,37 t/ha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnura is the property of Tecnura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper evaluates the susceptibility to subsidence and collapses in karst terrains of Campeche, Mexico, assuming that under a set of conditioning factors these phenomena occur with greater or lesser intensity and may represent a hazard to the population and economic activities. The conceptual model proposes the relative weighting of susceptible areas through multicriteria analysis of analytical hierarchies including lithological, structural, and environmental factors that affect the geomechanics of subsidence and collapse. The conceptual model is translated into a logical one in a Geographic Information System (ArcMap) from which a susceptibility map with four levels is obtained, very high with 13% of the state area, high 25%, medium 30% and low 32%. The susceptibility values correspond to the levels of predisposition of the terrain to hazard. It is concluded that the susceptibility map is a preventive threat cartographic document, useful at the regional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Streptococcus agalactiae, or Group B streptococcus, is a gram-positive coccus, saprophyte, and colonizer of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, causing infections primarily in newborns, pregnant women, and rarely in adults with underlying diseases. The carriage of this microorganism can be a significant cause of chorioamnionitis and postpartum endometritis. This study describes the susceptibility of S. agalactiae in pregnant women attending the obstetrics service at a level II hospital in Palmira between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019, through a retrospective descriptive study. A total of 58 rectovaginal cultures positive for S. agalactiae were obtained through vaginal and rectal swabs, data provided by the laboratory of the Raúl Orejuela Bueno Hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the automated VITEK-2 method. In the 58 rectovaginal cultures positive for Streptococcus agalactiae, a sensitivity of 100% was observed for ampicillin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin; 98% for quinupristin, linezolid, and vancomycin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dixit. Comunicación, Profesión, Conocimiento is the property of Universidad Catolica del Uruguay Damaso Antonio Larranaga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mastitis is a frecuently disease of dairy cattle that leads to a decrease in production and an increase in health costs. This disease can be evaluated through the number of white blood cells per milliliter of milk, which is known as somatic cell count (CCS). Alleles of Bovine Leukocyte Antigen (BoLA) genes were associated with resistance and susceptibility to infectious diseases. The objective of this work was to study the polymorphism of the class II molecules of BoLA-DQA1 and their association with resistance/susceptibility to mastitis measured through the CCS in milk in Holstein cattle from the province of La Pampa. The population was divided into: 1) case group with high CCS and presence of mastitis (≥ 250,000 cel/ml, susceptible) and 2) control group with low CCS (<250,000 cel/ml, resistant). BoLA-DQA1 polymorphisms were genotyped in sixty animals by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SBT. Woolf-Haldane's Fisher and Odds Ratio (OR) exact test were used to study the association between CCS and allelic variants. 16 alleles of the BoLA-DQA1gene were detected and the BoLA-DQA1*0101 allele showed an OR of 4 (p = 0.58). This finding highlights the importance of BoLA-DQA1 alleles for selection of resistant animals to infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial respiratory problems cause economic losses due to production decreases and the increasing cost of antibiotic treatment. In poultry production, they are the leading cause of death in laying hens. The presence of pathogens implies a distribution in the production units, and their identification by biochemical tests allows the characterization at the species level and its adequate treatment. The present study aimed to identify the bacteria isolated from the trachea of laying hens and determine their antibiotic resistance profile. In an intensive production farm, trachea samples were taken from hens; the bacterial detection was carried out with isolation, colonial and microscopic identification, and biochemical tests; the antimicrobial susceptibility test was also determined. Thirty-two isolates corresponding to five types of bacterial colonies with the morphology of cocci and Gram-positive bacilli (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium spp) and Gram-negative coccobacilli (Pasteurella multocida and Gallibacterium anatis) were obtained. S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and Corynebacterium spp showed resistance to glycopeptides (100%), in addition to P. multocida and G. anatis, to ampicillin (beta-lactams) and quinolones (100%). The isolated bacteria showed antibiotic resistance and multi-resistance, with implications for poultry farming and public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CIENCIA UNEMI is the property of Universidad Estatal de Milagro (UNEMI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The municipality of Angangueo located in Michoacan Mexico, is located on a hillside system that presents a predominantly concave and mixes morphology, dominant slopes that vary between 30 and 40 degrees of inclination, an erodible geological substrate and erosion-prone soils; geographical-physical conditions that, when combined with the little knowledge of relief geodynamics, misguide territorial occupation decisions, and meteorological and climatic conditions, generate conditions of hillside instability. With this scenario, this research focuses on determining community resilience in the municipality of Angangueo in the face of mass removal processes; considering the morphodynamic characterization, the georeferencing of processes thar happened in historical time, and the statistical evaluation of surveys aimed at understanding resilience. This was achieved through geological and geomorphological characterization, the generation of an inventory of mass removal processes, the preparation of susceptibility cartography and the determination of degree of resilience. The results show that although community resilience growth is considered in the locality, some variables as perception and marginality determine precarious development conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Avances: Investigación en Ingeniería is the property of Universidad Libre, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this research paper assessed the susceptibility of the terrain before mass movements in the microbasin of the Timbío River - Cauca, using a mixed methodology based on surveys, interviews, structuring of cartographic information and spatial modeling with the bivariate method. The main results of the research indicate that high levels of susceptibility are distributed throughout the microbasin, and for the period between 2012-2018, mass movements were registered that have caused structural and environmental damage. the results obtained in the research constitute a base input to strengthen the planning processes, thus directing the actions of the community and institutions towards local risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of BIOAGRO is the property of Revista BIOAGRO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geominas is the property of FUNDA-GEOMINAS. (Fundacion de Egresados d Amigos de la Escuela de Ingenieria Geologica y de Minas) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antecedentes: Gallibacterium anatis bv. haemolytica es una bacteria Gram-negativa‚ inmóvil‚ no esporulada que pertenece a la familia Pasteurellaceae‚ reside normalmente en las vías respiratorias y reproductivas de las aves de corral. Es una de las principales causas de salpingitis y peritonitis‚ afecta directamente la producción de huevos y aumenta la mortalidad‚ lo que impacta gravemente el bienestar y productividad. Objetivo: el propósito del estudio fue determinar el perfil de resistencia a antimicrobianos de cepas de Gallibacterium anatis aisladas de aves comerciales con sintomatología respiratoria y reproductiva‚ recolectadas durante el 2022-2023 en Colombia. Métodos: se obtuvieron un total 115 cepas a través de pruebas convencionales mediante cultivo y características bioquímicas (BD BBL Crystal E/NF/ID®). Para determinar la sensibilidad de los aislamientos se utilizó la prueba de difusión en disco‚ utilizando el método de Kirby-Bauer. Se realizó un perfil de resistencia para 12 antimicrobianos‚ distribuidos en siete familias: Ciprofloxacina 5 µg‚ Enrofloxacina 5 µg‚ Norfloxacina 10 µg Amoxicilina 20 µg‚ Sulfatrimetoprim 25 µg Tetraciclina 30 µg‚ Doxiciclina 30 µg‚ Oxitetraciclina 20 µg‚ Florfenicol 30 µg‚ Fosfomicina 50 µg‚ Neomicina 30 µg‚ Gentamicina 10 µg. Las placas de agar Mueller Hinton fueron preparadas e incubadas a 37 ºC durante 24-48 h. Se realizó la lectura midiendo el diámetro de los halos de inhibición del crecimiento‚ según las recomendaciones del Comité Nacional de Estándares Clínicos de Laboratorio (NCCLS) versión 2002. Resultados: los aislados que mostraron mayores perfiles de resistencia son: Tetraciclina 77 %‚ Oxitetraciclina 75 %‚ Doxiciclina 69 %‚ Sulfatrimetoprim 74 %‚ Enrofloxacina 73 %‚ Norfloxacina 70 %‚ Ciprofloxacina 63 %‚ Neomicina 55 %‚ Gentamicina 47 %‚ Amoxicilina 43 % y Florfenicol 35 %‚ mientras que la mayor sensibilidad fue para Fosfomicina 87 %. Conclusiones: aunque se conoce desde hace mucho tiempo como patógeno oportunista de las aves de cría intensiva‚ ha surgido en los últimos años como agente emergente con resistencia a múltiples antimicrobianos causando pérdidas económicas y dificultades para el control de la infección. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: la toxoplasmosis es causada por el agente Toxoplasma gondii‚ el cual cuenta con la capacidad de infectar a cualquier especie animal de sangre caliente. En cuanto a los primates neotropicales‚ la susceptibilidad reportada al contagio con T. gondii es alta‚ y estas especies pueden presentar muerte súbita asociada a la enfermedad. Por lo tanto‚ la necesidad de programas de medicina preventiva que permitan detectar anormalidades o signos clínicos indicadores de la enfermedad a priori son de gran importancia en el manejo de poblaciones ex situ. Objetivo: detectar los niveles de anticuerpos (IgG) anti-T. gondii en individuos de tres especies de titíes (Saguinus geoffroyi‚ Saguinus oedipus y Leontocebus fuscicollis)‚ pertenecientes a la colección de la Fundación Botánica y Zoológica de Barranquilla (Colombia). Métodos: se realizó la toma de muestras de sangre periférica de la vena femoral de 10 individuos de la especie S. geoffroyi‚ cinco de la especie S. oedipus‚ y dos de la especie L. fuscicollis. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante una prueba rápida para la determinación cualitativa y semicuantitativa en suero de anticuerpos anti-T. gondii‚ por aglutinación de partículas de látex en lámina (TOXOLATEX®; Rodelg Laboratorios‚ Barranquilla‚ Colombia). Resultados: el 35 % (6/17) de los individuos muestreados fueron seropositivos a T. gondii. Cuatro de ellos con títulos < 80 UI/ml (dos individuos de la especie S. geoffroyi y dos de la especie S. oedipus)‚ uno con títulos = 80 UI/ml (S. oedipus) y uno con títulos = 320 UI/ ml (L. fuscicollis). Conclusiones: la titulación de anticuerpos anti-T. gondii es de gran importancia para determinar la exposición del animal frente al parásito en ambientes de zoológico. Para asegurar un estatus de infección reciente‚ es necesario realizar una prueba serológica con la identificación de IgM o una serología pareada. Por lo tanto‚ nuestros resultados permiten concluir que los animales evaluados han tenido contacto con T. gondii en algún momento de su vida‚ sin manifestar signos clínicos característicos de la enfermedad en ninguno de los casos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the infections caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are the first cause of death by an infectious agent; in recent years there has been the emergence and dissemination of strains resistant to multiple antimicobacterial drugs. Objective: to determine the susceptibility patterns of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in patients of the Villa Clara Province. Method: a retrospective descriptive study including 116 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Villa Clara patients from July 2015 to July 2018 was carried out with susceptibility tests performed by the nitrate reductase method, the proportions method and molecular methods. Results: sensitivity to isoniazid and rifampicin was found in 105 strains, four multidrug-resistant strains were found, as well as one extremely resistant strain. Conclusions: Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Villa Clara Province mostly show sensitivity patterns, a small number is multidrugresistant and the number of extremely resistant strains is negligible. The recognition of the low prevalence of these last patterns is a tool for the control of their dissemination in the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuaternario y Geomorfología is the property of Cuaternario y Geomorfologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An analytical analysis to obtain the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations in presence of a current J and magnetic field H in a mesoscopic superconducting thin film is shown. The transport current is applied in a little contact in the boundary of the sample. This contacts are included through to the deGennes extrapolation parameter b in the boundary conditions. Finally, we show a useful tool that can be used to found the evolution of ψ(A t) in this formalism. We found the dependence of the magnetization M(H) and magnetic susceptibility χm with b for such sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geominas is the property of FUNDA-GEOMINAS. (Fundacion de Egresados d Amigos de la Escuela de Ingenieria Geologica y de Minas) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Given their sedimentological, hydrological, and hydraulic characteristics, tropical piedmont rivers create braided courses interwoven with numerous channels that vary in quantity and size in a main riverbed, depending on climatic conditions. This article presents an analysis of the morphodynamical behaviour of a tropical piedmont river in Colombia (the Guatiquía river), as the basis for the evaluation of the susceptibility to flooding of a riverside city (Villavicencio). The study was carried out by (i) analysing historical information consulted in technical reports produced by the Colombian Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology, and Environmental Studies (ideam), the Agustín Codazzi Geographic Institute (igac), and the Colombian Geological Service; (ii) studying hydrological series; (iii) processing and interpreting aerial photographs and multispectral satellite images over a period of 78 years; as well as (iv) by producing the geological and geomorphological cartography with fieldwork controls and support. Thus, it was possible to determine, on the one hand, the dynamic behaviour of the braided courses within the boundaries of the main riverbed of the river system, and, on the other hand, the susceptibility to flooding of the city of Villavicencio, with 64.7 ha in the medium-high category and 17.9 ha in the high category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work introduced and reviewed the elaboration of landslide susceptibility cartography by using SINMAP model. This entailed a review of cartographic material, (compilation of a landslides inventory), the modeling of susceptibility and its subsequent validation. The study area was the sub-basin of the El Estado River, on the southern slope of the Pico de Orizaba volcano. The inventory records 113 landslides, 68 were debris slides, wich represent 60% of the total, 20 were debris flow (18%), five were debris avalanche (4%), and four were rock falls (4%), belonging to the translational type and 16 were deep-seated landslides (14%), belonging to the rotational type. They had occurred on slopes, on either banks of the river. The SINMAP model use geotechnical properties (internal friction angle, cohesion and infiltration) and cartographic and hydrological properties (slope, altimetry, runoff, precipitation, and capture area) of the average of 19 sampling points within the sub-basin. Qualitatively, (the sectors that show zones of stability in the model are intermingle with each other in a large part of the sub-basin). The unstable zone extends over a large portion of the upper part of the sub-basin, whereas in the lower part it is limited to the slopes of the channel. Adjacent to the unstable zone, are the zones of the lowest and highest stability, without the presence of zones of intermediate stability. Quantitatively, there is a low concordance between the inventory and the model and there is an overprediction of areas with landslides. This is obtained from derived statistics (global, producer and user precision) of an error Matrix. The results imply that the SINMAP model is partially reliable in the evaluation of susceptibility to landslides in volcanic areas of Mexico. Palabras clave: se escribirán no más de cinco palabras representativas del contenido general del artículo y características de la terminología usada dentro de un campo de estudio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Techniques of electromagnetic induction (EM) in archaeology, are based on the interpretation of the magnetic properties (susceptibility and conductivity) of the studied soil materials, that being exposed to induced magnetic fields emit different signals in response, which was a cross-linked allowing thus collect a range of data processed in MAGMAP and SURFER to their corresponding interpretation. This research intended a methodology for archaeological prospecting through the use of an electromagnetic Profiler; for carrying out this an area with potential for archaeological site was selected, 100 m 2 grid with divisions of each 0, 50 m in the axis X and Z, were designed and built, which served as a guide to passing equipment and record data; then the data were collected with each of the frequencies and then moved to the stage of exploration, to correlate data from electromagnetic anomalies, with the presence of archaeological material. A geophysical method was used, based on the analysis of electromagnetic (EM) conductivity in the subsoil, with an electromagnetic Profiler EPM-400, which can emit waves with frequencies ranging between (1, 0-16) KHz, whose 1.0 KHz frequency allow to reach the 2 meters of depth and frequency of the range 15, 0 and 16, 0KHz for areas of few centimeters deep in the basement of archaeological exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the reaction of forage grass species used in a Straight Planting System (SPD) with potential for use in crop rotation for the management of Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus. Four forage species produced in Rio Grande do Sul (Avena strigosa, Lolium multiflorum, Pennisetum glaucum and Sorghum sudanense) were evaluated in relation to the reaction to root-knot (M. javanica, M. incognita, M. ethiopica) and lesion (Pratylenchus brachyurus) nematodes. The evaluation was performed through the analysis and extraction and counting of the root nematodes. In plants inoculated with Meloidogyne spp. (RF = final population / initial population) and in those inoculated with P. brachyurus, only RF was determined. Ryegrass, millet, and Sudan grass present potential for crop rotation in areas infested by M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. ethiopica, with the exception of the BRS Centauro oat cultivar, which is tolerant to M. javanica. The cultivars we tested of ryegrass, millet, and sudan grass are susceptible to P. brachyurus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although in the literature there are several methods for the determination landslide susceptibility, very few consider the particularities of linear projects. In the present work, it is proposed the combination of heuristic, statistical and physically based modeling methods to evaluate and mapping landslide susceptibility in linear projects, considering regional and local scales. For the regional zoning, the conditional analysis method using Unique Condition Unit (UCU) is proposed, and for local scale physical models: SHALSTAB for soil slopes and the TOBIA index for rock slopes. The validation of the methodology was performed by the area under the curve (AUC) method. The result indicates an adequate performance, and the obtaining of valuable information prior to the construction of the project, but also during the operation, allowing to define sectors of special attention considering the scale of the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landslides are characterized by their capacity to generate losses. In Colombia, a considerable percentage of those are associated with linear projects; between 2010-2011, 575 municipalities were affected by damage to the infrastructure of water supply network and sanitation. Considering this serious problem related to linear projects, the present work proposes the combination of heuristic, statistical and physical based methods to evaluate the susceptibility and hazard of landslides, under different scales of analysis. In addition to the construction of a critical unit map, using as the unit of analysis the Independent Morphodynamic Unit. The obtained model is validated using the success curves and the Area Under the Curve (AUC). The proposed methodology was implemented in the pipeline of the municipal aqueduct of the municipality of Fredonia in the Antioquia region. It was identified 6% of areas, both unstable and very high and high susceptibility; and 13% of areas corresponding to both cataclinal over dip and pure dip slope, as well as areas of very high and high susceptibility. The AUC for the conditional analysis and the criticality map showed a value of 0.81 and 0.73 indicating a very good fit and performance of the models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It was able to identify 23 isolates of Gallibacterium anatis through conventional culture and biochemical tests, and identification confirmed through PCR method. A disk diffusion test determined antimicrobial resistance to commonly used antibiotics in the poultry area. Isolates were more susceptible to ceftiofur (73%) and florfenicol (68%). All isolates showed marked resistance to penicillin, tylosin, lincomycin, ampicillin, enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, norfloxacin and cephalexin. The presence of Gallibacterium anatis is associated with respiratory and reproductive problems in populations of commercial laying hens. Isolates showed marked resistance to different antibiotics, probably due to excessive medication in the presence of this organism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To identify factors associated with susceptibility, tobacco use and addiction in young people from 13 to 15 years of age, to determine conditions of risk and identify possible correlates to the development of public policies on smoking in Costa Rica. Materials and methods. Information available from the four rounds of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Costa Rica was used. It was based on a sample size of 11 540 youngsters from public and private schools. Indicators of interest and logistic regression models for smoking, susceptibility and addiction were estimated. Results. The prevalence of current consumption shows a significant decrease over the 14 years of the study (17.3% in 1999 and 5.0% in 2013) and, to a lesser intensity, in the index of smoking susceptibility (19.3% in 1999 and 12.4% in 2013). The proportion of young people with addiction has shown a significant increase in the same period. Conclusions. The conditions that explained the significant reduction in smoking prevalence and less susceptibility must be maintained and deepened to achieve full compliance of the MPower measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To analyze tobacco consumption susceptibility and disincentive factors among non-smoker teenagers in Bolivia. Materials and methods. A secondary data analysis of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey was conducted. A multivariate logistic regression was developed to estimate the relation between the susceptibility to smoke and social factors, smoking behaviour, and tobacco control policies. Results. Susceptibility increases by: close smoker friends (OR=1.74); comfort perception when smoking on social events (OR=1.86); observing smokers in public places (OR=1.54); teenager's cigarettes promotion (OR=4.05); exposure to tobacco advertising (OR=2.08); and male teenagers (OR=2.00). Tobacco disincentives are parental information about smoking (OR=0.38) and health warning labels (OR=0.63). Conclusion. Bolivia requires, at minimum, to implement the other basic measures of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gastric carcinoma and lymphoma are leading causes of cancer mortality throughout the world. This disease is the end result of a long multifactorial process involving a large number of environmental and genetic factors. As a genetic disease, individual variation in cancer risk has been associated with specific alleles of different genes (polymorphisms) in which the modulatory mechanisms of carcinogenesis and the risk of its progression are found. Research at the molecular level has focused on the detection of genetic alterations predisposing to the development and progression of gastric cancer. These studies have been conducted in various populations in which the disease recurs and have been initially based on individual selection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes. Important molecular markers have been described and proposed as prognostic markers in this type of patients which has allowed for advances in the understanding of the neoplastic process. This review intends to provide an up to date look at recent studies on gene polymorphisms involved in immunogenic processes, DNA repair mechanisms, responses to detoxification of carcinogenic compounds, mechanisms of tumor suppression and apoptosis which are all processes involved in the development of gastric cancer. Data are also reported from molecular markers associated with this disease from Colombian and foreign genomes already stored in the database of the 1000 Genomes Project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wildfires have many causes, they often affect tropical and subtropical areas. They are dynamic in time and space, and generate strong impacts on the environment. To identify the spatial pattern of these in different vegetation covers, maps of the gross susceptibility to fires were generated (GS) (based on the intrinsic characteristics of the vegetation) and the net susceptibility (SN) (more climatic and topographic variable GS), at a regional level. The most affected area is dominated by grasses with very high GS (27.19%) and a SN of (18.38%). The natural forests (north - west zone) and planted (around the Riogrande II reservoir) showed low GS. It is confirmed that the spatial patterns of susceptibility to fires are related to climatic and topographic factors. In areas with high and very high GS, the area of each category decreased including these factors. The relationship between landscape structure and NS showed no clear trend, since the structure at the landscape level of forests and stubble was very variable by degree of susceptibility. The most critical categories of NS were recorded in very homogenous landscapes with small patches of forest and brush (between 0.3 and 2.1 ha), and little variability in the size and shapes of the patches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper contributes to the understanding of the effect of three-dimensional landforms in the slope stability through to the analysis of nine models, which result from the combination of three different landforms in plant and profile view (straight, convex and concave). The analysis is based on the calculation of a failure potential indexwhich represent a unified way a stability value for each model. The procedure was performed by mean of finite element numerical simulations with a Mohr-Coulomb elastoplastic model applied to each geometry in homogeneous solis. We take into account permanent flow and partial saturation above of the flow surface within the slope. Finally, it is quantified the failure susceptibility of the nine models by mean of the assignation of a failure potential index. With this assignation, it is possible to stablish an order of priority of the susceptibility of the slopes in function of geomorphology of each model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

EBL is a disease of adult cattle caused by the retrovirus, bovine leukemia. It can manifest: aleukemic an asymptomatic form, with a normal number of B lymphocytes in the blood; a form of permanent lymphocytosis, with an increase in the number of B lymphocytes and finally a lymphoproliferative tumor presentation in the form of lymphosarcoma. The alleles of the genes of the Bovine Major Histocompatibility Complex (BoLA) have been associated with resistance and susceptibility to infectious diseases. The overall objective of this study was to associate polymorphisms of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene, defined by the technique of polymerase chain reaction technique and polymorphisms length of the restriction fragment (PCR-RFLP), with resistance / susceptibility to leucosis in Holstein cows of La Pampa. It relied on a case/control design, for which blood samples were taken to 150 animals in 3 opportunities with intervals of three months each. The case group comprised animals that were positive in the immunodiffusion agar animals test (DIDA) and whose blood lymphocyte count was ≥ 10.000 linf/μl and the control group included cows that ware negative for DIDA and present < 10.000 linf/μl of blood. Fisher's Exact test and Odds Ratio (OR) of Woolf-Haldane were used to study the association between lymphocyte count and DIDA results with allelic variants. In 82 animals genotyped by PCR-RFLP, the DRB3.2*22 allele showed an OR = 5.332 (p = 0.0138) and DRB3.2*11 allele had a OR value of 0.11 (p=0.001) and were the most frequent in the control group and in the case group, respectively. These results would showed DRB3.2*22 allele and DRB3.2*11 allele a high risk of having leucosis (susceptibility) and low risk to suffer (resistance) respectively. The analysis of the relationship between alleles of the BoLA and resistance/susceptibility to leucosis could be improved with deep research on family lineages of dairy cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]