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Tooth color change is an alteration that varies in cause, location and severity, which may be related to extrinsic factors, intrinsic factors or a combination of both; For this reason, dental whitening is one of the procedures most requested from dentists; more and more patients are looking for a better image and smile without considering the possible consequences. This is due to the constant advertising in the media; in addition, it has led to the appearance of certain products on the market that are used by consumers without any control from the dentist. Therefore, the objective of this review is to know the advantages and disadvantages of dental whitening with 35% hydrogen peroxide (PH) (ultradent) in the office and 10% carbamide peroxide (PC) (ultradent) for home use, with the aim of in order to guarantee the comfort of patients during use and to avoid possible adverse effects. The academic Google search engine was reviewed, as well as databases: PubMed, SciELO, Medigraphic and ScienceDirect, in the period 2002 to 2020, using as keywords "hydrogen peroxide", "carbamide peroxide", "whitening", "clarification", "ph" and their similar in English. Two hundred fifty-four articles were obtained, of which 50 were selected and analyzed because they were related to the topic raised. It is concluded that, according to the instructions specified by the manufacturer, PH 35% and PC 10% are reliable agents for dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dynamis is the property of Dynamis - Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Granada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Usta Salud is the property of Revista UstaSalud de la Division de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Santo Tomas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neutrosophic Computing & Machine Learning is the property of Multimedia Larga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Oxidizing bleaching agents such as peroxides generate irreversible damage to dental enamel and chemically affect the organic and inorganic component of the enamel. Alternative substances that can improve the color of the enamel without damaging it are reported in the literature. Purpose: To identify the remineralizing bleaching substances reported in the literature and their effect on the color of the dental enamel. Methods: The databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, SciELO, Lilacs and Scopus were consulted, the keywords used for the search were dental enamel, tooth bleaching, bleaching, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, apatite, biomimetic, biomimetics, connected by the Boolean operator AND and OR in different ways. The eligibility criteria of the articles that would be part of the review were not to include hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxides with addition of fluorides and calcium phosphates and additionally using a color measurement method. Results: The result of the search yielded 7 articles, the substances found of remineralizing type were synthetic hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphates and sodium hexametaphosphate. According to the evaluation criteria defined, only 4 of them had a high level of evidence, one medium level and two low. All studies report with proven treatments the ability to generate changes in tooth enamel color. Conclusions: The remineralizing whitening substances found have the ability to produce changes in the color of the dental enamel, which is evidenced with modification in the different measurement scales used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents two clinical cases related to oral health. The first case is about the effectiveness of teeth whitening in smokers, using different methods and concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. It is concluded that in-office teeth whitening is the best option to improve the appearance of stained teeth. The second case refers to the removal of a lingual torus in a 70-year-old male patient who had suffered from a COVID-19 infection. Prevention measures were implemented to avoid osteonecrosis reported as a possible sequelae of the disease. The importance of making a differential diagnosis in cases of oral complications associated with COVID-19 is highlighted. [Extracted from the article]

The article titled "Effectiveness of dental bleaching in its different presentations in smoking patients" presents a study on the effectiveness of dental bleaching in smoking patients. Three methods of dental bleaching were used: in-office, at-home as indicated by the professional, and over-the-counter. Fifteen patients were recorded, and it was observed that the in-office method was the most effective in changing coloration, although hypersensitivity was presented as a disadvantage. In conclusion, in-office dental bleaching is considered the first alternative to improve the appearance of pigmented teeth in smoking patients. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CES Odontología is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To evaluate the microfiltration in cavities class I, filled with composed resin Filtec 250 3M after the use of teeth bleaching agents (with hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide). Material and Method. 60 cavities class I were prepared in human teeth extracted with orthodontic purposes. They were distributed randomly in three (03) groups (n=20). Group 1: after the restoration was done, this group was submitted to bleaching with peroxide of hydrogen (Pola Office) group 2: after the restoration was done, this group was submitted to bleaching with peroxide of carbamide (night withe), and group 3 was the control. The three groups were placed in artificial saliva at 37°C for 24 hours and later were introduced in blue of methylene for 30 minutes and immediately they were washed with distilled water. Then mesiodistal planes were done to each of the dental pieces. For the comparison of the microfiltration student t test was used. The data processing was done at a 95% confidence level and with a 5% margin of error. Results. Marginal microfiltration statistically significant was found in regard to the control group in groups 1 and 2 (peroxide of hydrogen and peroxide of carbamide). In addition, it was observed major microfiltration in group 2 (peroxide of carbamide) but this one did not have a statistically significant difference in regard to group 1 (peroxide of hydrogen). Conclusions. It was found statistically significant microfiltration in the specimens submitted to dental bleaching. (Kiru 2011, 8: 59-62) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tooth whitening is one of the mostly used treatments to improve dental esthetics. Dental bleaching techniques include the use of substances such as carbamide peroxide, sodium perborate, and hydrogen peroxide. Researchers and clinicians are often seeking to know which techniques produce the best results. Purpose: To determine whether the use of halogen light with 25% hydrogen peroxide in in-office tooth bleaching is more effective than the use of hydrogen peroxide alone. Methods: A controlled clinical trial was carried out. Upper maxilla of 10 healthy patients received whitening therapy with 25% hydrogen peroxide. Using the divided maxilla method, one quadrant of each patient was exposed to halogen light for 20 minutes and the other did not. The in-office procedure was carried out in two sessions of 20 minutes each. Color in each quadrant was measured before and after the therapy with the Vita EasyShade color guide. Results: The use of halogen light with tooth bleaching with 25% hydrogen peroxide did not show statistically significant differences with the use of hydrogen peroxide alone regarding color change (p=0,38). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine if the adhesion of the Streptococcus mutans to the dental surface is increased by the use of bleaching agents in these teeth. Material and Method: There were used 30 upper first premolars with no signs of fractures or cavity lesions. grouped in tree ones: Pieces Treated with Carbamide Peroxide to 22% during 4 hours per day during 9 days, pieces treated with hydrogen peroxide to 7,5% during 1 hour for 9 days (following the producer instructions) and a control groups; pieces treated without a bleaching agent. Them the teeth were placed with the vestibular part in contact with the culture plates of Streptococcus mutans and were exposed for 24 hours. The number of adherence colonies to the dental surface was given by bacteriological tests. Results: There were not found significative difference between the avarage of adherence of units that formed colonies of the group submited to both bleaching agents and the control group. Conclusion: The final conclusion was that the use of bleaching agents on enamel surface increases the susceptibility of it to be colonized by Streptococcus mutans, without a difference between the effects of the 22% carbamide peroxide and the 7,5% hydrogen peroxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays, the esthetic demand among patients has turned dental bleaching into one of the most requested dental treatments. Dental bleaching has gaining so much popularity, that it has become very important for the general dentist to be trained in the handling of bleaching agents. The dental practitioner should follow a strict protocol of diagnosis, treatment planning and maintenance, and thoroughly know the indications and contraindications of every available technique in the market as well as its advantages and disadvantages in order to be able to explain them conveniently to the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the hardness in vitro of in two composite resins exposed in whitening element. Material and Method: The present study was realized at the Pontificia Católica del Perú University. Four groups were formed. A previous test was accomplished before doing an only application. For verifying the hardness; another test next to the previous one was done for each group and all the possible comparisons. The study was done with two composite resin (Synergy Duo Shade and Z250); exposed in carbamide peroxide at 10 percenl of carbopol (whitening element), according to the vickers meter test. Results: In the comparisonofthe experimental groups of both composite resins, a normality test was done, gaining in the non parameter proof a variation in probabiiity. We obtained p = 0,000<0,05; therefore; it is a meaningful difference between the samples. Conclusions: The composite resin ofZ250 shows a greater hardness opposite to the Synergy Duo Shade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina Oral (16656024) is the property of Colegio Nacional de Cirujanos Dentistas Militares A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina Oral (16656024) is the property of Colegio Nacional de Cirujanos Dentistas Militares A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)