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The article "Memory, Space, and Public Art in the 20th Century" analyzes the emergence of sculptures in public spaces during the 19th and 20th centuries, specifically in Montevideo, Uruguay. These sculptures sought to ornament cities and establish civic rituals inspired by monumentality. The article explores how these works were part of a new discourse on ornamentation and the semantics of the nation, transforming spaces into symbolic stages. It reflects on the perception of public monuments and their meaning for the masses, as well as the importance of education and social conditions in understanding these monuments. Additionally, four studies are mentioned that explore different aspects of public art in the 20th century. In conclusion, the article highlights the importance of understanding memory, public space, and art in the study of society. [Extracted from the article]