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Agroecosystems are socioecosystems where people perceive, value, and benefit from the goods and services provided by nature, while also modifying it according to their preferences and decisions. Due to intensive management, functions, services, and biodiversity have been altered and lost, making the ecological restoration of these landscapes a current priority. To recognize the perceptions and valuations of ecosystem services associated with native forests, and their relationship with the restoration preferences of producers in the Espinal Region, southeast of Córdoba, tools derived from ethnobiological approaches (in-depth interviews with key actors, semi-structured surveys, free listings, Likert scales, and projective tests) were used. Models were created to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic and productive variables, valuations, and restoration preferences. The regulatory and support services associated with native forests were the most mentioned and valued. Provisioning services were the least valued, particularly by older producers with patches of forest already present on their fields. Agricultural producers preferred to restore areas with low-quality soils and areas with temporary or permanent flooding. Those producers with forest fragments on their fields chose to enrich them, while the rest preferred the implementation of forest buffers. For this purpose, they selected native plant species from the region, which they associated with forest patches and which were also recommended by experts. Including valuations assigned to native forests, age, and the presence of patches owned by the producers being studied, along with economic, contractual, and field characteristics (soil type, presence of flooding), will allow the design of restoration actions adapted to the specific contexts of each producer and, therefore, ensure their success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos Médico Sociales is the property of Colegio Medico de Chile (A.G.) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universum is the property of Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Leaders intervene in the processes of interaction and changes in the social structure, leadership is a recurring theme, due to its determination and level of influence towards others. The objective of the study is to characterize the leadership of the social actors of the 5 de Junio neighborhood, La Libertad canton. The research makes use of the qualitative-quantitative approach. The instruments for the collection of information were based on survey and interview formats, the Kurt Lewin test based on democratic, authoritarian and Laissez Faire leadership, allowing to measure the behavior and factors that characterize leadership. It is concluded as results that the current situation of leadership transforms controversial contexts, democratic leadership is the most predominant. Finally, it is considered that. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this work is to identify and analyze the social actors who are related with the heritage communities in the rural environment in Buenos Aires province. In methodological terms, the approach is qualitative, a proposal for mapping key actors is developed and interviews are made with representatives from the governmental and non-governmental sphere. The results show a socio-environment of great complexity, given by the diversity of agents involved, by the ways of work they perform and by the (dis)articulations that occur between the parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gold mining in Antioquia has not only encouraged the circulation of capital, but also the establishment of its own social order. This article characterizes the practices and interactions of the different actors involved in gold mining in the municipality of Buriticá and the sub-region of Bajo Cauca, Antioquia, between 2016 and 2022. The methodology used for the development of the research was a combination of qualitative techniques that included field observation, more than seventy in-depth interviews, and consultation of multiple documentary sources. One of the main findings is that State agents and criminal groups act in collusion to collect revenues, not only from mining but also from other sources of State and productive financing, which has a negative impact on local communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The social outburst in 2021, resulting from the strike of April 28, the great strike in the recent history of this country, was a predominantly spontaneous struggle, organized on a day-to-day basis, but without a plan, a strategy, a scientific-political vanguard, and fully articulated goals. That is to say, if one seeks to transform a society from its roots, a country, which operates under oppression and exploitation, the combative capacity of its people is a necessary, but insufficient condition. The combative force of the masses, such as that which was manifested during the social outburst, must be oriented beyond the specific demands, some of which are resolved with liberal reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario del Instituto de Historia Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Confluências Culturais is the property of Fundacao Educacional da Regiao de Joinville - FURJ and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia 396 is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Instituto de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses the development of Santiago's urban periphery through the analysis of Renca's case during Carlos Ibáñez del Campo's dictatorship (1927-1931). A place that was somewhere in between urban and rural. In this case, the housing and basic services problem was strongly manifested in the shanty towns or poblaciones which were characterized by a lack of hygiene, equipment, and infrastructure. Ibañez responded to this situation by implementing a legislation and a bureaucracy that sought to regularize the configuration of these growing shanty towns by reinforcing the municipality (local council) and the Intendencia's role (provincial government). This action was linked to massive and active neighborhood organization. Furthermore, the analysis of different documentary sources will highlight the relevance of new urban actors such as the "mejoreros" and long-term site buyers, which promoted a change in housing policy and the way in which Santiago's growth was addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wetlands are ecosystems that are disappearing, mainly due to urban and industrial activity and their vulnerability to the effects of climate change. In Chile, regulations and initiatives for their protection have been created, which are conditioned by the influences, interests and interrelationships of the players involved in the governance system. This research analyzed the case of the wetland located in Pichicuy, currently administrated by the Municipality of La Ligua. It researches in greater depth the role of local governments in the governance of wetland protection, considering the participation of the network of players from different spheres and territorial scales. Mixed methods of social research were used to analyze the influence, interests, types of relationship and centrality measures using the Analysis of Social Networks and the UCINET 6 platform. The local government of La Ligua performs, through its Environment Department, roles that are relevant for the governance of the wetland: (1) gaining political support to manage and implement actions about the wetland, (2) acting as an intermediary between the players from different spheres of society, and (3) leading alliances with higher-scale players. These roles are strengthened by the support and resources provided by the players of the network with high interest and influence in the protection of the wetland. However, there are challenges in municipal dynamics, for example, the need to more strongly attract and involve the Municipal Council, since it has a great influence on local government decisions. It is relevant to strengthen governance for the protection of wetlands in small and rural locations, for which the local government must play a very important role, for example, through institutional recognition of the wetland and facilitating the participation of players at a local scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays, scientific and reliable indexes are lacking for showing the efficiency of current governments. These indexes should guide our attitudes and behaviors of political participation, instead of the vague references and the incomplete cognitive processes that currently do it. The present work means the implementation of a more global initiative of scientific analysis of political measures. An analysis of crime indices has been carried out over time. It has been taken into account the application of political measures, which helps to explain the variations of these indices. The study design is quasi-experimental (with comparison of the aforementioned indices over the years) and correlational (of these indices with indices of wealth, inequality or international crime, among others). In the case of the Republic of Ecuador and for the crime rates studied, it can be affirmed that the government’s policy measures during the period 2010- 2016 were effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic equipment, which by now is omnipresent in urban life, poses a growing challenge in terms of post-consumer management due to the type and quantity of waste it generates. The aim of this paper is to analyze the valorization processes concerning the different social actors dedicated to the revalorization of Electronic Waste from Information and Communication Technologies (EWIT) in the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina, by examining their cultural and commercial links. This article is the product of an investigation that was deployed in several phases. First, we examined previous Latin American experiences that had studied the problem from the perspective of the actors. Then, we collected the information to be analyzed using techniques such as participant observation and open and in-depth interviews with local actors involved in the different stages of the commercialization of the RE-ICT. The results presented arise from the interrelations of the subjects related to the RE-ICTs valorization processes. Three subsystems were identified within these processes: i) the formality, ii) informality, and iii) extraformality of the State. The circumstances that each actor faces are based on structural conditions inherent to market, technical, and knowledge logics. There is no state or normative support that formalizes and articulates the different actors for an integrated management; however, the study proposes some sustainable local-level guidelines. There appears to be no record of any in-depth, systemic and comprehensive analysis of the social dynamics surrounding the valorization of electronic devices in the city. As such, this work constitutes a fundamental social contribution to a future management plan for this type of waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent decades, companies in the clothing industry have adopted principles and criteria of environmental and social sustainability. The most innovative companies form a business hub called green fashion, sustainable fashion, eco-fashion, bio-fashion, ethical fashion, environmental fashion, ecological clothing or "slow fashion". So, is this a passing trend or a structural change? Using the hypothetico-deductive method, bibliographic and statistical analyses and studies of published cases, this study investigates the environmental behavior of the main social sectors or stakeholders involved in the operation of the fashion industry. The results reveal that the change toward the greening of the clothing industry is in fact structural and is led by the most advanced countries. Contributions to this structural change come from public administrations via environmental, commercial and consumer legislation, from international NGOs by means of alert campaigns that raise consumers' environmental awareness, from researchers identifying chemical risks, and from designers and companies using ecologically friendly materials in fabrics and incorporating ethical practices in manufacturing processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesoamerica emerged in regional relations thanks to different cooperation strategies between Mexico, Central America, Colombia and the Dominican Republic that have resulted in what is known today as the Mesoamerica Integration and Development Project. However, ten years after its creation, most of the studies in this regard are descriptive and use an institutional approach that does not distinguish other relevant aspects such as the inclusion of nongovernmental actors and their participation in this regional program. In order to make a first approach to these aspects within the Mesoamerica Project, this paper proposes the use of the International Political Economy theoretical approach of British origin, in the interest of identifying those analytical elements that will go beyond the traditional approach and deepen our knowledge of this program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformations that have taken place in the last decades in the forms of production and organization of the agricultural activity of the argentine pampas in general and of the south of Córdoba in particular, have altered the behavioral patterns of the social actors, not only modifying their characteristics, their socio-productive profiles and the role that they play in the provision of land, capital and labor; but also making the links and mixtures existing between them more complex and diverse. To show for this process, in the present paper advances in the methodological construction of agrarian social typologies in Southern Córdoba are presented. In this way, the social actors of the Pampean agricultural sector of the southern Córdoba are identified and characterized. Then, two examples that seek to highlight the innumerable articulations and mixtures between social actors are addressed, with the aim to think about the dynamism and complexity of the agricultural social reality. The main source of information has been obtained in numerous field studies carried out by two research teams of the National University of Río Cuarto between 2000 and 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Tourism can be considered a strategy for capitalist accumulation in rural areas where established communities are evicted from their territories, depriving local people of their livelihoods. This article documents the case of the resettling of Chamela, a locality in the coastal zone of Jalisco in western Mexico that consists of some fifty families of fishermen who were expelled so that a tourist complex called Zafiro could be constructed there. This resort covers approximately 910 hectares. The case of Chamela reflects how forced resettlement due to tourism projects is a strategy that weakens the internal organizational structure of communities, undermines their economic autonomy and generates dependence on service companies that completely reconfigure the territory according to their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Perspectivas de Politicas Publicas is the property of Universidad Nacional de Lanus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In most Latin American countries, the decree of protected areas (PA) emerges as an instrument of nature conservation that is proposed by state policy. Therefore, the protected areas are under a management scheme carried out by the central government that limits the participation of other social actors and the sustainable use of resources in these territories. pa in Mexico are no exception, they are under a governance scheme in which the state stands as the central actor. Thus, this actor is responsible for regulating the access to and the use of these ecosystems that are of interest to multiple social actors. In this context, the objective is to propose some theoretical-methodological tools for understanding of the structure of social relations in the Mexican pa. This action is the basis for the design of planned interventions aimed at the development of environmental governance. For this paper, the theoretical perspective of social capital (SC) with emphasis on structural sc was used. This proposal has a broad capacity to explain the horizontal and vertical links in the whole structure of relationships. It allows the understanding of environmental governance as a multiactoral socio-organizational process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate is the property of University of Brasilia, Center for Sustainable Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista El Directivo al Día is the property of Centro de Informacion y Gestion Tecnologica (CIGET) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In a Latin American and national context of increasing environmental degradation, we describe the perception of the members of the REA on the current state of restoration in Argentina, and we identify the current prospect of progress and achievements in order to suggest ecological restoration actions in the country. The REA was formalized in 2012 and held its first national organizational meeting in 2017. It currently has 198 members distributed in eight regional nodes. Analyses carried out at this meeting indicate relatively few restoration initiatives at the institutional and landscape levels. Most of the actions are carried out at the local level by scientists who contribute through research and practitioners who promote the activity in a wide range of social and ecological contexts. Restoration practitioners (i.e., those who execute projects in the field) use information generated by the scientific, social, private and government sectors. Among other deficiencies, they mention the limited availability of basic ecological information, the inexistence or inadequacy of legal frameworks, institutional and technical capacities. We hope the consolidation of the REA will allow all those interested and involved in the ecological restoration of the country to share experiences and generate links to contribute to the continuity of a multidisciplinary, participatory work, integrated to the socio-environmental problems of the country, at different scales and with a long-term perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, borders are conceived as "lines on the map", geographic elements that delimit states more or less clearly and stably. In this logic, it is considered that borders separate social identities and delimit the activity of social actors, in a vertical process that goes from above (the State) downwards (the population). However, a more careful examination reveals that this conception is insufficient to understand the dynamics of the current world. In recent years, it has been pointed out that it is more appropriate to understand borders as elements that are constructed from broader social practices that will not only be determined by the State, but involve numerous social actors through multiple ways. The article explores this conception of borders as elements in continuous construction, through the study of the South African case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actas de Diseño is the property of Facultad de Diseno y Comunicacion, Fundacion Universidad de Palermo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales is the property of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ingeniero White, in the southwest of Buenos Aires (Rep. Argentina), emerges as a result of port activity. The first developments, of a precarious nature, were manifested at the end of the 1850's, consolidating its foundation in 1885. In the city there are different historical and cultural components, which today have been activated as recreational and touristic attractions, becoming part of the offer that is managed from the municipality. The investigation attempts to answer the questions: Which of these places are actually used from the perspective of leisure? Are they valued by visitors? And for the residents? What actors participate and from what logics of intervention? In this context, the objective is to analyze the development of recreational and touristic activity at the local level, with special emphasis on the main social actors involved. As a result, it can be asserted that the development of recreational and touristic activity in Ingeniero White reveals a complex network of relationships between different social actors that influence their configuration. Motorized by diverse interests, each one of the actors is associated to this practice from different logics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Sociologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The availability and quality of recreation spaces is a topic of work within the Territorial Planning projects, in tourist areas, in addition to the population, it is necessary to consider the tourists within the users of these sites. This article presents the project: Regulatory Plan of Chira Island, Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica and how the methodology was developed to incorporate the aspect of recreational areas as a line of research within the territorial ordering process. The study focuses on the design of recreational areas on islands with tourist potential, following the laws of Costa Rica. It is necessary to adapt the cases according to the law of each country. .The results show the importance of having the participation of the community as a basis for decision-making and also concluded the great relevance that has to design the proposals of sites for recreation thinking the inclusion of these sites as a complement to the tourist attractions Of an area, having to take into account the needs of the visitor in the designs that are made of the spaces destined to the recreation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The social thing has been identified as a construction sui generis for all the big ones theoretical of the sociology, giving him different denominations with which expressed in an or another way the result of the consistent human practices in relationships among actors - singular and collective, through structures linguistic and not linguistic mediators, in different social dimensions. In all these different visualizations fenoménicas of the social thing, it is expressed their essence like the incarnation of a product qualitatively new, with estates eminently his that he/she signs up, integrate and auto-organise inside the same one to their most varied components in actors' form, structures mediators and dimensions, without decreasing for that same reason, to none of them. The present article tries about the complexity of the formation process and permanent change of the social thing to understand its constituent nature, and how to consent to its investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]