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This work presents the results of the analysis of archaeological anthropogenic soils analysis of Isla de Vizcaíno 1 site (Río Negro Department, Uruguay), located on a riverbank and dated around 1500 years BP. Through a comparative measurement design (inside and outside the site), we sought to characterize the modifications generated by pre-Hispanic human populations that inhabited these environments, in terms of their role as a pedogenetic agent, and at the same time provide data that, with a solid basis, allow discussing the formation processes of elevated sites from the littoral region. The results achieved through granulometric, compositional and geochemical analyzes showed clear differences between archaeological anthropogenic soils and adjacent natural soils, evidenced mainly by the presence of cultural material and higher organic matter and phosphorous content in the first. From generated data, the presence of two horizons of a metagenetic anthrosol (HAM) were identified, that is, a soil composed of altered material (and not transported) by human agency, characterized as quartz-feldspathic anthrosand. This alteration of the soil, linked to domestic and ritual activities in this site, highlighted the role of pre-Hispanic inhabitants as a pedogenetic agent and as an active actor in landscape modelling and environmental engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este trabajo está centrado en el estudio de una de las primeras formas de manejo ganadero de la época colonial en la Banda Oriental. Aborda específicamente el análisis de un conjunto de corrales de palmas ubicados en el sureste del Uruguay, en la frontera con Brasil. Está basado en un enfoque interdisciplinar en el que se combinó el trabajo con la población local, el análisis historiográfico, la prospección remota y sobre el terreno, el análisis morfométrico de la totalidad de los corrales y las palmas que los componen, y el análisis fisicoquímico del sedimento (análisis de fosfatos y partículas biosilíceas). El artículo propone que estas estructuras son uno de los cerramientos ganaderos más antiguos (siglos diecisiete y dieciocho) de la Banda Oriental, vinculados a formas indígenas de manejo vegetal y animal que se fueron reajustando durante la colonización europea de este sector fronterizo del Cono Sur de América. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]