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The present work aims to analyze the presence of the concept of neutrality in constitutional law. To this end, several application have been chosen to verify, in linguistic terms, connections and intersection between a broad Constitution Theory and neutrality: international law, democracy, separation of powers, the economic Constitution, administrations independent or religious freedom. The reason for making this preliminary examination is that neutrality is currently a controversial notion that has reappeared in the context of populism and the deep politicization of public and private life: with this, it seeks to give constitutional meaning to a term, that allows resolving controversies in which the fundamental rights of citizens are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: This article intends to show how and for what political purposes a transnational memory of the Ecuadorian Catholic leader Gabriel García Moreno was drawn up through dialogues between Ecuadorian and Catholic conservatives in France and the Vatican. Originality: It explores the construction of a transnational memory of García Moreno and his model of a Catholic Republic, and how this memory reinforced sub-national, national and transnational identities, instead of understanding memory as an exclusively national phenomenon. Methodology: French and Ecuadorian sources are compared, using analytical categories from current memory studies. Conclusions: The article reveals that a transnational memory of García Moreno and his political model took shape through the dialogue between various actors, in turn reinforcing multiple identities at different scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article exposes the results of the research entitled: "Confessional State in Costa Rica: Implications for Public Policies of the State's Financing of the Catholic Church 2014-2016.", Carried out by the Center for Research in Culture and Development of the Universidad Estatal a Distancia. Through an interview with public officials and request information to various institutions, the legacy base of the financing that the state assigns to the Catholic Church is proposed, and from this the amounts assigned to said church for the years in study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on periodicals and pamphlets of the time, this article analyzes the political repertories that the Ecuadorian clergy deployed in the dispute for the secularization in post- García Ecuador between 1875 and 1905. After the murder of Gabriel García Moreno, in 1875, there was a drive of wavering intensity around the maintenance or dismantling of the legacy of the Catholic leader of a confessional State consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. The clergy deployed a set of means of resistance to the efforts towards secularization, including excommunication, politicized processions, armed struggle, ecclesiastical censorship, electoral participation and interdiction. These records were gathered from three focal points: the liberal dictatorship of Ignacio de Veintemilla; the gradual secularization of progressive governments and the liberal revolution of Eloy Alfaro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Jurídica Piélagus is the property of Universidad Surcolombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho UNED is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses three main subjects. First it presents a theoretical discussion of the concepts of secularism and secularization from the focus sociology of religion. Second, the particular role played by the Catholic hierarchy in the configuration of the state in Latin America. Finally, it presents a general balance on the historical relationship between the state and the catholic hierarchy in Costa Rica. It concludes that in Costa Rica, the catholic hierarchy rather than as a pressure group should be understood as an actor of power and significant influence on the development of culture and the state. Thus the confessional state rather than a historical relic must be understood as a process in constant renovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Justicia (0124-7441) is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Politico is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)