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This article reflects on a participatory research that led to the design and use of a board game with indigenous people in the Colombian Amazon. The objective of the "Juego de Chagras" is to produce, process and market food, and in its execution, decision making involves the players in discussions and analysis of the studied phenomenon. The strategies of the players and how they connect to the decisions that people make on a daily basis are analyzed by means of experimental ethnography. It is concluded that games hold considerable potential for participatory research, if they are analyzed as cultural performances that reveal the situation of the players on the basis of their decisions in the game, and the social contexts in which they are immersed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper presents a brief review of the existing methods to determine the stress intensity factor. Some historical aspects of fracture mechanics are presented. Then some of the methods are described, classifying them into three groups: analytical, finite element, and experimental methods. For each method, its characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and restrictions are discussed. The reasons for the scientific community to advance in the application of the finite element method, due to its great versatility, are evident. It is clear that learning, mastering, and applying any of the methods entails a great effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Psicología (1669-2438) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sensitivity to reinforcement increases with increasing changeover response requirements. This result has been documented with stationary choice in concurrent variable interval (VI-VI) independent schedules of reinforcement, as well as, in concurrent VI-VI schedules where the availability of reinforcers is dependently scheduled. The present study assessed the generality of this finding with choice in transition. Within sessions the ratio of reinforcers changed seven times in two levers, modeling a dynamic environment. Twelve rats responded to the levers for food reinforcers. To switch from the lean to the rich lever, a third changeover-lever increased the response requirement in nine steps of 8 responses each; only one response was required to switch from the rich to the lean lever. In Experiment 1 (forced choice) the reinforcers were dependently scheduled in the levers, but in Experiment 2 (free choice) the reinforcers were independently arranged by the schedules. Choice adjusted rapidly to the dynamic changes in the ratio of reinforcers. In Experiment 1 sensitivity to reinforcement increased, but in Experiment 2 it decreased with increasing changeover response requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presently article shows a methodology for the determination of the density of materials with high porosity, for that which one carries out a study on ceramic prehispanic, having some controlled laboratory conditions. Keeping in mind that the used samples have a high porosity and to the contact of with many liquids they disintegrate that is to say, they are destroyed, this it is a limitation that you/they show this type of samples for that which intends a chemical treatment of isolation to the liquids that it allows the determination of their volume without damaging the used sample. The obtained results, the methodology, like an existent relationship are also presented between the porosity grade and the density of the sample, being this an experimental method that can be used in other study fields like in the archaeology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]