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Objective. To determine the prevalence of helminth infection in Trichomycterus nigromaculatus captured in environments defined from the physicochemistry of the Gaira River, in Minca, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Material and Methods. We collected 476 specimens of T. nigromaculatus covering both climatic periods of the area, which were dissected to analyze the visceral cavity. Isolated parasites were fixed in 10% formalin for subsequent clarification. The specimens were identified by observation of adult stages under a stereoscopic microscope after clarification. Results. Specimens were found exclusively from the genus Spirocamallanus (Nematoda), the species Spirocamallanus sp. parasitic prevalence ranged from 0% in August to 28.57% in April with an abundance of 1.09 worms/host. Environmental parameters such as dissolved oxygen (Mean:5.65 mg. L-1, Max:7.5 mg. L-1, Min:4.41 mg. L-1); pH (Mean:7.2, Max: 9.3, Min: 5.7) and conductivity (Mean:72.82 µs.cm-1, Max: 123.7 µs.cm-1, Min: 40 µs.cm-1) presented statistically significant differences, the environment is eutrophicated. Conclusions. Spirocamallanus sp. were described in the areas of presence of the parasitic association in T. nigromaculatus, which constitutes a new record for the Colombian Caribbean and an extension of the geographic distribution and host range of the nematode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A total of 326 parasitic helminths were obtained from 94 specimens of Halichoeres bivittatus (Pisces: Labridae) at two sites in the reef zone at the limits of the Veracruz Reef System National Park, Veracruz, Mexico, southwestern Gulf of Mexico: Punta Gorda (n = 51) and Mata de Uva (n = 43). Fish were caught from May to September 2001. Each sample was examined at the levels of the component community and infracommunity. Three parasitic helminth species were found in intestines: Nicolla halichoeri (Digenea: Plagiorchiida: Opecoelidae) is a new geographic record, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) garnotus (Nematoda) is a new host record, and larvae of Tetraphyllidea gen. sp. (Cestoda) were the parasites with the highest prevalence and the average intensity at both sites. Species richness (S = 3) and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'= 0,42; 0,49) were lower than those previously estimated for the labrid host-parasite community in the study area. No correlations between the total number of species or the total number of helminths and the total length or weight of the host were observed. An analysis of the accumulated curve for the component community suggested that the inventory of helminth species was almost complete for both sites. The abundance of cestode larvae infers H. bivittatus is an intermediate host of the parasite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed at establishing the guidelines for the collection, preservation and submission of samples for parasitological diagnosis in poultry, as well as for the correct interpretation of the results issued by the laboratory. Tropical countries have ideal climatic conditions for the development of parasites, their forms of dispersion and intermediate hosts throughout the year, thus parasite infestations are very frequent. Losses in meat and egg production have been reported when there are high parasite infestations in poultry production. The basis of any control program is an accurate diagnosis, but in turn, the latter depends on the correct collection and submission of samples. Likewise, the correct interpretation of the laboratory results by the veterinary personnel of the farms is also needed, in such a way that they can implement effective measures to control parasitosis. This situation becomes more serious when taking into account the accelerated increase of antiparasitic resistance in the last years. Under these conditions, it is necessary to understand the importance of strategic control of parasites and pests, which does not imply their eradication, but to maintain small populations that do not cause perceptible damage to the health and productive behavior of animals, through the intelligent use of antiparasitic agents. These results will lead us to obtain reliable diagnoses and provide elements that will allow the strategic use of the available antiparasitics agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helminths transmitted through the soil can affect the educational performance and normal development of children. Objective: to compare five coproparasitological techniques for the diagnosis of intestinal geohelminths in Lambayecan children. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. 150 stool samples were collected from children residing in the districts of Túcume and Lambayeque in the department of Lambayeque (Peru), during the year 2021. The boys and girls included were between 4 and 12 years of age. Prior to the collection, the appropriate preclinical conditions are explained to the parents and guardians of the minors. The sensitivity, specificity, concordance, positive and negative predictive value of the Baerman, rapid sedimentation, Willis Molloy, Sheathers Sugar and direct stool examination techniques were calculated. Parents and guardians authorized the participation of minors in the study. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the National University of Jaén. Results: the prevalence of intestinal geohelminths was 20,7%, 19,3% and 18,0% with the Baerman, rapid sedimentation and direct examination techniques, respectively. In addition, the Baerman and rapid sedimentation techniques reported higher sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. A high concordance index was obtained for the Baerman (0,894) and rapid sedimentation (0,891) techniques. Conclusions: the Baerman and rapid sedimentation techniques allowed greater recovery of parasites compared to direct stool examination. In addition, the species of intestinal geohelminths most identified in children from Lambaye were Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis nana and Ancilostomideos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production and consumption of tilapia (Cichlidae) are very popular in the world, so the safety of the meat produced must be ensured given the potential risk of zoonotic transmission of parasites; For this reason, the objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic review on the prevalence, distribution and hosts that intervene in the life cycle of trematode helminths that can be transmitted zoonotically in the consumption of tilapia. The bibliographic review was carried out with six specialized search engines. 1,044 articles were analyzed, of which 113 included epidemiological data. Tilapia was reported as the intermediate host of 15 species of trematodes that affect humans, 6 parasites were reported at the genus level and 2 parasites at the family level. The described flukes belong to the families Heterophyidae and Opisthorchiidae. Reported prevalences range from 1% in infections by Haplorchis pumilio and Centrocestus formosanus to 93.64% in multiparasitic infections by Haplorchis yokogawi, Pygidiopsis genata and Phagicola ascolonga. Although the biodiversity of documented helminths in tilapia is abundant, the available information is still insufficient, situating tilapia as a potential transmitter of these helminths in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective. To identify the abundance and prevalence in infection by digestive parasites (DPs) and their seasonal distribution in dogs from Aguascalientes, Mexico. Materials and Methods. A statistically representative sample (n=927) systematically selected (first in each 10), of stray or owners-surrendered dogs at a local animal control and welfare center was examined. Immediately after legal euthanasia (pre-anesthetic plus anesthetic overdose), the entire intestine was removed, and intestinal contents were sieved; macroscopically visible helminths were collected; a stool sample was then examined in duplicate by flotation, McMaster, and Lugol's-stained smear. Results. The prevalence of DPs was 42.8%. Elevated prevalence values were detected among puppies (60.6%), in dogs with lower body weight (72.7%), also in stray dogs (57.5%) compared with those voluntarily surrendered by their owners (37.5%; p<0.01); additionally, more cases were found during temperate seasons (51.0 vs 33.1%; p<0.01). The DPs prevalence values were determined: Dipylidium caninum (26.2%), Taenia spp. (4.0%), Giardia spp. (13.6%), Cystoisospora spp. (7.8%), Sarcocystis spp. (5.3%); Toxocara canis (14.0%), Ancylostoma caninum (12.9%), Uncinaria stenocephala (4.2%), Toxascaris leonina (0.5%), and Oncicola canis (0.1%). The DPs reached a high prevalence with hundreds of adult forms in the intestine and thousands of eggs or oocysts per gram of feces. Conclusions. These results indicated a high prevalence of DPs in dogs of central Mexico, especially in the population segment constituted by stray, young and underweight animals, which is relevant in public health due to its recognized zoonotic capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the indispensable resources of the human being is water, but there are few populations that have this element in the purest way. In the urban area of Quindío have been several studies of the quality on drinking water, but not in the rural area. Therefore, we evaluate the water condition consumed by the rural population; In this case, some BD BBLD Crystal lab tests were performed for the identification of bacteria and IFI technique for parasites where were found 9 species of bacteria in which the most frequent were Enterobacter cloacae y Klebsiella oxytoca, 11 genre of parasites belonging to helminths and protozoa, Opisthorchis sp, Strongyloides sp, Giardia sp and 7 genre of algae. In spite of the fact that the values of physicochemical parameters were into the established limits according to the normativity, these conditions are allowing the growth of microorganisms in the water; most of them are causing various gastrointestinal diseases in humans, and the presence of these organisms suggest us that the consumed water by the rural population in the municipality of Circasia is not suitable for human consumption since it is evident the presence of bacteria, helminths and protozoa, and it does not comply with the condition of quality on drinking water. Thus, since it does not have a permanent treatment, water must be boiled before it is consumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Arbitrada Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Salud & Vida is the property of Fundacion Koinonia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To quantify the production of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines induced by Ascaris lumbricoides antigens in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using a multiplex technique. Methods: PBMCs were cultured from individuals with mild A. lumbricoides infection (n = 20) and uninfected individuals (n = 21) and stimulated with A. lumbricoides extract (ExtAscaris), a mix of anti-CD2/CD3/CD28 (CDmix) as a positive control, and only medium (negative control). Cytokines in the supernatants were measured using the BD™ Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2/Th17 kit, to identify IFN-γ, TNF, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, IL-2, and IL-17A. Readings were taken on a spectral cytometer (Northern Lights, Cytek, USA), and analysis was performed using R software with packages "tidyverse," "beadplexr," "flowCore," and "arsenal." Cytokine concentrations were calculated using a 5-parameter logistic curve. The t-test was used to compare cases and controls, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Cartagena and the participants provided informed consent. This study was financially supported by the Colombian Sistema General de Regalías under the BPIN2020000100405 - BPIN2020000100364. Results: Efficient fluorescence intensity extraction for each cytokine was achieved using detection channel R8 and the "mclust" clustering model (Figure 1). No significant differences were found in the levels of the seven cytokines between cases and controls (Figure 2). Although the IFN-γ response to ExtAscaris was higher in cases than in controls (252.5 ng/mL vs. 173.1 ng/mL), the difference was not significant. IL-17A (detection limit: 18.9 pg/mL) was more detectable in cases than controls (5 cases, 23% vs. 2 controls, 9.5%). IL-4 was only detected in the supernatants from CDmix-stimulated cultures but not with the Ascaris extract (Figure 2). Conclusions: The multiplex technique using spectral flow cytometry combined with open-source software analysis proved applicable for quantifying cytokines induced by A. lumbricoides antigens in PBMCs. However, a more sensitive method is needed to evaluate IL-4 response in the context of ascariasis. The results did not reveal significant differences in cytokine production between cases and controls for the evaluated stimuli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To assess the community structure of helminths and parasitic crustaceans in the splittail bass Hemanthias peruanus (Steindachner, 1875) from northern Peru. Materials and methods. 75 specimens (34 males and 41 females) of H. peruanus were captured from Puerto Cabo Blanco, Piura, Peru. Total length and sex data of the fish were recorded. For the analysis of the parasitic community, the ecological parasitological indices, aggregation indices, alpha diversity indices and association between the biometric parameters of the fish and the parasitological indices were calculated. Results. The percentage of total prevalence in maidens infected with at least one parasitic metazoan species was 65.33%, that is, 49 parasitized hosts. The community component of the parasitic eumetazoan fauna in the evaluated fish was dominated by the presence of ectoparasites (three species of monogeneans and one species of isopod). Endoparasite abundance (two species of trematodes, one species of tapeworms and one species of acanthocephalan) was comparatively low. Biotic factors such as fish length and sex were not found to be related to parasitological indices of any parasitic species. The lack of association is probably due to the influence of other biotic or abiotic factors. The most prevalent parasites presented an aggregate type distribution. The Chao-1 estimator indicates that the expected richness was eight. Conclusions. We registered H. peruanus as a new host for Ceratothoa gaudichaudii, Corynosoma australe, Parancylodiscoides signifer, Pronotogrammella scholzi and Scolex pleuronectis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The present study was to identify gastro-intestinal endoparasitic helminths in wild rats. Materials and methods. a parasitological study was carried out to know the helminth-fauna in different urban and rural areas in five provinces of the Republic of Ecuador, during 2014-2017. The rodents were captured and transported to the National Parasitology Reference Center of the National Institute of Public Health Research - Guayaquil, for further analysis. Results. 125/211 (59.2%) rats with endoparasites were found, 13/20 (65%) for R. rattus and 112/191 (58.6%) R. norvegicus. The most prevalent nematode: was Nippostrongylus brasiliensis for both species and Heterakis spumosa; followed by the cestodes: Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana, Moniliformis moniliformis and Cysticercus fasciolaris. Conclusions. The presence of four species of zoonotic cestodes in the sampled rodents that live near human communities, represent a potential risk of infection for the inhabitants. Therefore, the control of the population of rodents in residential areas and the awareness of the local population about the risk of disease transmission through rodents seems to be totally necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CULCyT: Cultura Científica y Tecnológica is the property of Cultura Cientifica y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Therya is the property of Asociacion Mexicana de Mastozoologia, A. C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urban growth in Peru is accompanied by an increase in dog ownership. Which constitutes a potential risk in the transmission of zoonotic diseases. The objective of the research was to describe the characteristics of the zoonotic gastrointestinal parasite infections in dogs with an owner. For this, 296 stool samples from patients treated in veterinary clinics located in the districts of South Central (Miraflores, Chorrillos) and South (San Juan de Miraflores) Lima were analyzed. Of which 288 were positive for gastrointestinal zoonotic parasites during the period 2015 - 2018. Likewise, the direct examination and the flotation concentration test were carried out to identify zoonotic parasites. Regarding the results, infection caused by Giardia spp (66,3%) was the most frequent, followed by Toxocara canis (18,8%), Ancylostoma caninum (3,5%) and Dypilidium caninum (2,4%). Likewise, a higher frequency of parasites was observed in the diarrheal feces of male dogs (52,8%) of small breeds (43,8%). Mixed-breed dogs (12,2%), English Bulldog (10%) and Labrador retriever (9,7%) were the most frequently infected. It is concluded that 97,3% of the owned dogs were infected with zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites, which constitutes a problem for public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between January and May 2017, a study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in a sample of children enrolled in two "Simoncito" Initial Education Centers (CEIS) in Tucupita, Delta Amacuro state, Venezuela. We applied Graham technique and a fecal sample was provided from the children for the coproparasitological study (spontaneous sedimentation and Kinyoun staining). A total of 84 children between 1 and 6 years of age were studied; 46.4% (n = 39) female and 53.6% (n = 45) male. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 58.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between age (X2 (Yates correction) = 1.80; d.f. = 2; p > 0.05) and gender (p > 0.05) of the parasitized children. The chromist Blastocystis spp. was the most prevalent enteroparasite, with 27.4%. Four cases of coccidian infection (4.8%) were diagnosed. Within the protozoa, three species were found, with Giardia intestinalis (16.7%) being the most frequent. Only two species of helminths were identified: Enterobius vermicularis (13.1%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (10.7%). In conclusion, the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children aged 1-6 years was similar to that reported in other states of Venezuela. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: Gnathostoma sp.‚ es un género de helminto del que se han identificado alrededor de 20 especies. Se caracteriza por tener una estructura bucal única llamada Gnathostoma‚ es un parásito que puede infectar a una amplia variedad de animales y según algunos autores‚ tiene potencial zoonótico. Objetivo: identificar un parásito encontrado mediante necropsia en individuos de la especie Didelphis Marsupialis del departamento de Caldas‚ determinando su posible participación en procesos de enfermedad gastrointestinal. Método: se hizo necropsia de 14 individuos de zarigüeya común procedentes de diferentes regiones de Caldas (Chinchiná‚ Rio sucio‚ Filadelfia‚ Manizales‚ Villa María‚ Pacora y Supía)‚ que fueron llevadas al Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria de la Universidad de Caldas por la autoridad ambiental‚ Corpocaldas. Respecto a la presencia del parásito‚ se procedió a su colecta y revisión‚ empleando un estereoscopio con una cámara digital que permitió microfotografías por medio del programa EP view y un microscopio de luz. Resultado: uno de los individuos de Didelphis presentaba lesiones intestinales a nivel del íleon del tipo congestión‚ úlcera y formación de nódulos‚ adicionalmente‚ la presencia de un parásito tipo nemátodo que también apareció en la porción estomacal a nivel del cuerpo gástrico. El nematodo correspondió a un individuo adulto que mide 32 mm de largo x 3 mm de ancho‚ con un par de labios laterales rodeando la boca‚ con un típico cuerpo cilíndrico‚ el extremo anterior se encuentra formado por un bulbo cefálico con alrededor de 7 hileras transversas de ganchos y con numerosos ganchos en cada hilera. La cutícula está compuesta por varias capas y presenta anillos transversales que le dan una apariencia segmentada. El extremo posterior del cuerpo es redondeado y posee una cola corta y cónica. Internamente‚ el sistema digestivo está formado por un tubo recto extendido desde la boca hasta el ano. Conclusión: el nematodo que aquí reportamos‚ corresponde morfológicamente al género Gnathostoma‚ sin embargo‚ se requiere confirmación por técnicas moleculares para establecer su especie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: a nivel mundial‚ la comercialización de peces ornamentales involucra más de 4000 especies de agua dulce‚ conllevando un alto riesgo de transmisión de enfermedades principalmente parasitarias siendo una de las causas más comunes de mortalidad. En el abordaje esta patología en organismos acuáticos de ornato es fundamental el uso de métodos precisos en el reconocimiento de agentes causales para el abordaje de brotes o mortalidades y detección de individuos portadores asintomáticos que representan riesgo para la producción; adicionalmente es indispensable la identificación de parámetros como disponibilidad de espacio‚ alimento‚ factores fisicoquímicos medioambientales anormales y características propias de la especie que permitan la proliferación parasitaria. Anamnesis y hallazgos clínicos: se describe el caso de una explotación de peces ornamentales del género Symphysodon aproximadamente 3000 individuos juveniles (45 - 60 días de edad) con historia de cuadro clínico de 15 días de evolución se evidenció hiperpigmentación cutánea‚ periodos de inapetencia prolongados‚ algunos individuos con distensión abdominal. Ayudas diagnósticas: sacrificio de algunos individuos por separación espinal‚ disección tisular y montaje en fresco de cortes de branquia‚ hay evidencia por índice de refracción en microscopia óptica convencional de parásitos de la especie Sciadicleithrum‚ la identificación de fauna helmintológica en montaje de moco y contenido intestinal de los peces estuvo conformada por varias especies de parásitos; se evidenciaron huevos‚ estadios larvales e individuos adultos del cestodo Schyzocotyle acheilognathi‚ larvas y huevos del nematodo Capillaria sp. y múltiples individuos del género Protoopalina. Los hallazgos parasitológicos permitieron una adecuada correlación clínicopatológica y la instauración de un plan terapéutico adecuado. Conclusiones: se requiere la identificación de agentes causales de patologías parasitarias en peces ornamentales‚ la comercialización de peces vivos se relaciona directamente con el potencial de movimiento de patógenos que pueden convertirse en nuevas fuentes de infección en regiones geográficas especificas o en explotaciones nativas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the relative frequencies of immune cell populations in the peripheral blood according to A. lumbricoides infection status. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from participants infected (n = 35) and uninfected with A. lumbricoides (n=27) residing in different rural municipalities of Bolívar. Infection was diagnosed using two coprological examinations and the Kato-Katz technique. Immunophenotyping was performed using two panels of markers and staining in fresh blood. The flow cytometry reading was performed on a spectral cytometer (Northern Lights, Cytek, USA). The populations identified in the first panel (Figure 1) were T lymphocytes (CD45+ CD3+), CD4+ or CD8+, B lymphocytes (CD45+ SSClow CD3- CD19+), neutrophils (CD45+ SSChi CD3- CD16+), and eosinophils (CD45+ SSChi CD3- CD16low). Monocytes were identified in another panel (Figure 2): classical (CD14++ CD16 -), intermediate (CD14++ CD16+), and non-classical (CD14+ CD16++). Dendritic cells, including CD123 + + CD303 + (plasmacytoid), HLA-DR + + CD1c + (myeloid CD1c +), and CD14-CD141 + + (myeloid CD141 +), were also identified. The study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the University of Cartagena, and participants provided informed consent. Funding was provided by the Colombian Sistema General de Regalías under BPIN2020000100405 - BPIN2020000100364. Results: No significant differences were observed in age [mean cases: 35.69 (SD: 17.7) vs. controls: 37.04 (SD: 15.6) years] or sex (cases: 62.9% vs. controls: 74.1%) (Table 1). All infections were mild, with a median of 96 eggs (IQR, 48-216). A marginally significant difference was observed only in the percentage of neutrophils (45.37% in cases vs. 54.79% in controls, p=0.041) (Figure 3). Although the frequency of eosinophils was higher in the cases (8.1% vs. 6%), this difference was not significant (p=0.138) (Figure 3). No significant differences were observed in the populations of monocytes or dendritic cells between cases and controls (Figure 4). Conclusion: Mild A. lumbricoides infection appears to affect the number of neutrophils in peripheral blood. The low infection intensity in the studied samples may explain the lack of a significant impact on other cellular populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anemia is characterized by low levels of hemoglobin. In Colombia, anemia affects 27.7%) of the population. The most seriously affected populations are preschool children, women of reproductive age, pregnant women and the elderly. Clinical case: Upon admission, the 58-year-old patient was found to have a condition compatible with cardiomegaly and redistribution of blood flow and required a blood transfusion. Additional studies suggested that digestive hemorrhaging due to ancylostomiasis could be the cause. Treatment with anthelmintics was begun and had good clinical and paraclinical results. Discussion: Acquisition of this parasite, considered to be a forgotten cause of digestive bleeding, is associated with multiple risk factors. In some cases, there are severe consequences such as cardiomegaly and redistribution of blood flow. The effectiveness of treatment with anthelmintics ranges between 62% and 92%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present study proposed to relate the socio-epidemiological factors and the infections by enteroparasites in two communities, one peri-urban and one rural in the Central Region of Venezuela. A total of 126 persons were evaluated in the peri-urban area and 111 in the rural one. Feces were analyzed through a direct examination, in addition to the methods of Kato, Faust and Baermann. Socio-epidemiological factors were identified through a survey. The prevalence of enteroparasites within the peri-urban community was 45.2% and 53.3% in the rural one. An estimated 23.0% of the peri-urban population presented protozoa and 0.4% helminths, while in the rural area 30.6% of persons presented protozoa and 12.6% helminths, being Giardia intestinalis (9.5%) the most frequent species of protozoa. As for the chromist kingdom, Blastocystis spp., highlighted in both communities. In relation to the helminths, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis were detected in the peri-urban and Ascaris lumbricoides in the rural one. The associated variables (p < 0.05) with the presence of enteroparasites in the peri-urban were: degree of instruction, housing conditions, quality of drinking water, hygienic habits, streetfood intake and presence of vectors; in the rural community: type of disposition of excreta, washing of hands and consumption of street-food. The findings revealed a high prevalence of enteroparasites in both communities, evidencing that they shared common socio-epidemiological characteristics that favored their acquisition. The results point out the need to implement epidemiological control and surveillance actions that improve the quality of life of the communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article presents a comparative study of parasite loads between cows and their offspring in the Romosinuano and Costeño con Cuernos creole breeds. The study was carried out at the Turipaná Research Center - Agrosavia in Cereté, Córdoba, Colombia. Fecal samples were collected from 120 cattle, and parasite loads were estimated in eggs per gram using the modified McMaster technique. The results showed that the frequency of parasitism was 55% in the total population, with a statistically significant difference between the offspring and the cows. It is concluded that further studies are needed to understand the resistance or resilience process achieved in adult animals for gastrointestinal parasitism. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Criteria on the various proposals for the evolution of helminths are compiled and analyzed, many of them under the advanced technology perspective. Adaptation mechanisms are exemplified in some cases of helminths that persist as parasites, such as Fasciola hepatica, Ascaris lumbricoides, Taenia solium, Echinococcus spp., and some others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this investigation was to carry out the first inventory of helminths collected from waterfowl (n=52) of the family Anatidae. This work took place in wetland Atlangatepec, Tlaxcala. Helminths were collected from the digestive tract and the respiratory system of waterfowl donated by hunters. Collected parasites were processed using conventional fixation and staining techniques for the identification of helminth. Twenty-one taxa of helminth swere identified as follow: seven trematodes (Cotylurus cornutus, Australapatemon burti, Zygocotyle lunata, Notocotylus seineti, Typhlocoelum sisowi, Echinostoma sp. and Echinoparyphium recurvatum), four cestodes (Hymenolepis sp, Cloacotaenia megalops, Choanotaenia infundibulum and Fimbriaria fasciolaris), eight nematodes (Amidostomum sp., Streptocara sp., Epomidiostomum uncinatum, Syphaciella sp., Capillaria sp., Tetrameres fissispina, Tetrameres sp. and Echinuria uncinata) and two Acanthocephala (Pseudocorynosoma constritum and Polimorphus sp.). It is relevant to highlight that this is the first report of Syphaciella sp. in waterfowl in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Between april and may 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in inhabitants of the indigenous community San Antonio de Raudalito, Cedeño municipality of Bolivar state, Venezuela. Sixty-two inhabitants aged between 6 months and 72 years were evaluated, with a mean of 14.8 ± 14.7 years. The distribution by sex was 64.5% females and 34.5% males. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 88.7%, with no differences in relation to age (X² = 5.18 d.f.: 5; p > 0.05) or gender (X² = 0.19 d.f.: 1; p > 0.05). Of the 55 cases of intestinal parasitosis, 83.6% presented polyparasitism. The protozoa were more prevalent with 89.1%. Eleven taxa of parasites were found, with the protozoan Entamoeba coli being the most frequent with 64.5%, followed by the chromist Blastocystis spp. with 58.1% and the group of hookworms among helminths (32.3%). In the group of polyparasited persons, the most common association was Blastocystis spp.-E. coli (15.2%). In conclusion, a high prevalence of 88.7% of intestinal parasites among the evaluated persons was determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Biological anaerobic wastewater treatment generates by-products such as sludge, a non-hazardous waste that requires treatment for its disposal. Objective. In this work, the effect of the application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and alkaline stabilization with lime (CaO) on the reduction of sulfur and the viability of helminth eggs were respectively evaluated. The test was applied to the sludge from the biological anaerobic wastewater treatment plant of a chocolate factory. Materials and methods. A general description of the process and of the sludge generated in this particular wastewater treatment is given. Parameters such as pH, redox potential (Eh), average density, sedimentation rate, sulphide concentration and the viability of helminth eggs were determined. The treatment was performed by simulating the sludge dehydration process that takes place in the plant. The different amounts of CaO and H2O2 were supplied in accordance with the experimental design performed in Statgraphics. Results. Before applying the treatment, acid pH and negative redox potential values were found, obtained both along the Imhoff and at different depths. The sedimentation rate found corresponded to a disperse sludge. After the application of each treatment in the sludge, pH results were alkaline, the redox potential showed positive values at several points, and there was presence of viable helminth eggs before and after the procedure. Conclusion. The reduction of sulfur concentration had an efficiency of 98.56 %, yielding a non-reactive mud as a final product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in drug-addicted individuals that have been detained in two rehabilitation centers in Zulia state, a cross-sectional descriptive study was accomplished in which 98 fecal samples from persons of both sexes, aged between 15 and 65 years, were collected. The samples were analyzed by direct and concentrated examination with the coproparasitological Formalin-ether (Ritchie) method; likewise, the staining technique Kinyoun was used to search for intestinal coccidia. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 70.41%; among them, 56.52% of individuals were monoparasitized and 43.48% polyparasitized. Up to three parasitic associations were found in each individual. With respect to the parasite species found, Blastocystis spp. (62.24%) was the most frequent in terms of chromist/protozoas and within helminths, Hookworms were found in 6.12% of individuals and occupied the first place in prevalence. The highest percentage of parasitized individuals was observed in young adults (20-39 years) with 63.77%, but no significant difference was observed with other age groups. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed amongst individuals that were parasitized with respect to the drug consumed, with a higher prevalence among individuals that had consumed cocaine. It has been concluded that the drug situation does not seem to be an important variable that promotes or limits the acquisition of common intestinal parasites, as sanitary conditions remain to be critical in acquiring them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of parasitic infections in preschool and school children of Celendín district, treated at the EsSalud medical center and find the presence of parasitic subtypes. Material and methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional research, conducted between July 2015 and January 2016 in the clinical laboratory service of EsSalud Medical Center of Celendín, Cajamarca. A data collection sheet was used for each participant to collect clinical data, demographic data and personal interaction. Parasitological samples of 96 children were processed by using direct examination, test of Graham and spontaneous sedimentation technique. Univariate analysis was used to find frequencies, percentages and standard deviations, and for the bivariate analysis we used Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to associate the degree of parasitism with each variable obtained. Results: The prevalence was 90.6% (87/96). Blastocystis hominis 81.2%, iodamoeba bütschlii 6.3%, Endolimax nana 19.8%, Entamoeba coli 35.4%, Chilomastix mesnilii 13.5%, Giardia lamblia 9.4%, Enterobius vermicularis 16.7% was found and Ascaris lumbricoides 1.0%. 20.8% (20/96) of the participants had similar structures to Urbanorum spp. Multiparasitism predominated (60.4%) and there was a statistically significant association between the level of education and parasitical degree (p = 0.017). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of parasitic infections in children in preschool and school age of Celendín district attended at the EsSalud medical center being Blastocystis hominis parasite the most predominant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoonotic gastrointestinal helminths that parasitize the canine population represent a public health hazard. The principals parasites reported are Toxocara canis and Ancylostoma caninum, generating infections with symptoms varied being the result of adaptation between the parasite and its host. In the world we have reported several studies on the presence of parasites in feces and floors on public places, which produce the clinical symptomatology in man, acquired by the accidental consumption instars that contaminate the soil. Taking into account the importance of this theme on public health and how these parasites can affect human and animal health, a systematic review was conducted in order to know the studies that have been conducted on the subject, identifying the associated factors the animal infection that can contribute to the design of control measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency of two covered lagoons, designed to treat the residues of the pig production farms P-3 and T-2.1 –belonging to the Association of Pig Producers of Yucatán, México– was evaluated, in order to verify the feasibility of implementing this technology in Cuba. The physical- chemical and microbiological indicators of the effluents were determined and the moment of their entrance and their removal from the digesters, and upon their exit from the stabilization lagoon. The digester of farm P-3 could remove more than 90 % of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and up to 71 % of the total suspended solids (TSS) present; while the digester of farm T-2.1 reached a removal of 78 % of the COD and 62 % of TSS. The sanitary analyses indicated that the total coliform bacteria showed an important decrease, from 2,4 x 108 to 1,7 x 103 in farm P-3 and from 4,2 x 107 to 2,7 x 103 in farm T-2.1. In both lagoons, the helminth eggs showed a reduction of 100 %. It is concluded that the covered lagoons had an adequate performance in the treatment of pig production residues, and that this technology is feasible to be used in Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and risk factors of children aged 0 to 5 living in the illegal settlements of Ciudadela Siglo XXI in Florencia-Caquetá, Colombia. Methodology: a cross-sectional, descriptive study in which fecal samples were collected from 193 children. The presence of parasites was assessed using direct stool examination and the Ritchie-Frick method after concentration. Coccidia were evaluated using the Kinyoun technique with modifications enabling their identification. In addition, a survey with socioepidemiological data was used. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and EPIDAT. Results: the prevalence was 90% of infected children. The most frequent parasites were protozoa, i.e. Blastocystis spp: 49%, Giardia duodenalis: 36%, E. histolitica/dispar: 29%, the prevalence of Coccidia was 19%; Cryptosporidium sp: 7% Cystoisospora sp: 8% and Cyclospora sp: 4%; as for helminths, the prevalent organisms were Ascaris lumbricoides: 5%, Trichuris trichura: 1%, Uncinaria spp:1%. In addition, 53% of the samples were cases of multiple parasitism. Finally, 85% of the children did not have proper footwear, 47% of the homes lacked basic sanitation, 41% had greenhouse fabrics in the walls and 74% of the floors were ground and had no tiles. Pets were present in 62% of the homes. Conclusions: the socio-economic conditions of the studied population make it susceptible to the high amount of intestinal parasites that was estimated in this study; for that reason, it is important to address this issue through medical and governmental intervention to improve the quality of life of these people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetive. The impact of a control program is evaluated to eventually eradicate taeniasis-cysticercosis (Taenia solium) based on education and vaccination of pigs. Materials and methods.The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was estimated using tongue inspection, ultrasound and determination of antibodies, before and three years after the application in three regions of the state of Guerrero. Results. A significant reduction in the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis of 7 to 0.5% and 3.6 to 0.3% estimated by tongue examination or ultrasound respectively (p<0.01) and a no significant decrease in seroprevalence from 17.7 to 13.3% were observed. Conclusions. The reduction of the prevalence of taeniasis-cysticercosis establishes the program's effectiveness in preventing infection. The sustained presence of antibodies, compatible with contact of Taenia solium or other related helminths, underlines the importance of maintaining interventions to achieve eradication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)