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Written to serve as a guideline for future research in this field, this roadmap provides some perspectives on the main developments and remaining challenges in the field of marine animal acclimatisation, adaptive potential and resilience to climate change. There has been extensive research conducted on the impact of climate change stress on marine animals, with studies recognising the potential for cross- and multi-generational impacts. Parents can potentially pass on resilience to offspring. The response of marine animals to climate change stressors is complex where utilising marginal and extreme systems as natural laboratories can help to address key research gaps and provide an understanding of the plastic and adaptive changes necessary for survival under stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeledonia is the property of Asociacion Ornitologica de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Arqueologia is the property of Revista de Arqueologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The efficient management of conflicts between uses and activities in the marine-coastal environment is fundamental for the success of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). Our aim was to conduct a geo-analysis of uses and activities present in the jurisdiction of the harbor master of Tumaco and Guapi in Colombia to identify potential conflicts. We used geographic information on uses and activities of the marine-coastal environment available in national geo-portals, 23 interinstitutional experts were consulted to carry out the weighting of the conflict matrices, an analysis of the interactions between the uses and activities supported by spatial analysis was carried out, the main conflicts were identified according to specific criteria and the cartography for the location of the conflicts was carried out. A database with 39 geographic layers was generated, the highest density of uses and activities was found in inland waters, marine fauna obtained 11.81 % of the total interactions, 73 potential conflicts were identified, where 23.29 % corresponded to a high Conflict Index and 57.53 % of the conflicts occurred between user-environment. With these results, we contribute to the management of Colombian marine-coastal within the context of the MSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The oil spill at the La Pampilla refinery, managed by REPSOL, will have strong environmental impacts on the Peruvian coast, damaging marine life and other biological elements. This study seeks to analyze the population's perception of the oil spill at the La Pampilla Refinery through a nonexperimental quantitative-descriptive method. The people who participated in the survey, composed of 7 items, amounted to 1554 individuals, considering it a representative sample for the study's purpose. The results show that more than 90% of the population identifies REPSOL as responsible for the oil spill. In addition, they consider that this environmental disaster will have severe consequences for the environment, causing the disappearance of some marine species. Likewise, they conclude that the contamination will take between two to five years to be eradicated due to the toxic components of the hydrocarbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the sinking of the Portuguese fishing boat Alcyon in the Gando Bank in 1946. The boat, with a displacement of 125 tons, sank at a depth of 18 meters without causing any casualties. The wreck, known as El Portugués, is located in the waters of the Gando Air Base and requires a special permit to access it. The Alcyon was a trawler used by the British Admiralty during World War I and later sold and renamed Alcyon. The article also mentions the Companhia Portuguesa de Pesca, a fishing company founded in 1920. [Extracted from the article]

The article "Characterization of MARISQUEO on the north coast of Gran Canaria" analyzes the practice of shellfish gathering on foot on the north coast of Gran Canaria. Shellfish gathering on foot consists of capturing or collecting crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms, or fish in the intertidal or shallow subtidal zone. Although it has been practiced worldwide since the Paleolithic era, there are few studies on this activity globally, including in the Canary Islands. In the case of Gran Canaria, the target species for shellfish gatherers are the white limpet, black limpet, octopus, periwinkles, and various species of small crabs. However, there is high pressure on these species and a risk of overexploitation. Although shellfish gatherers perceive a decrease in limpet populations, there are discrepancies between professional and recreational fishermen due to differences in experience and time of participation in the activity. The practice of shellfish gathering also has negative consequences, such as the disappearance of the majorera limpet in Gran Canaria. Although there are doubts about the status of the stocks of these species, there is consensus that fishing pressure is the main factor causing imbalance. [Extracted from the article]

Beatriz Morales-Nin is an expert in sclerochronology and fisheries resource management. She has been working at the Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies since 1989 and has conducted research at the University of Hawaii and the University of Bergen. Her research focuses on determining the age of fish through otoliths and using calcified tissues to obtain information about ocean conditions. Morales-Nin emphasizes the importance of regulating traditional fishing and recreational fishing, and points out that overfishing, pollution, climate change, and exploitation costs are threats to marine resources. She also highlights the need for integrated and responsible fisheries resource management. [Extracted from the article]

The article "JELLYFISH IN THE CANARY ISLANDS: Exploring their role in the food chain" talks about the presence of jellyfish in the Canary Islands and their importance in the food chain. It is highlighted that quantifying the amount of food each jellyfish requires can be complex. In recent years, there has been an increase in attention and monitoring of jellyfish in the Canary region, especially after a large influx of jellyfish in 2012. Community science programs are mentioned that allow for reporting jellyfish sightings and invasive species. The characteristics of the species Pelagia noctiluca and Physalia physalis, which are the most reported in the region, are also described. Additionally, it is mentioned that jellyfish can prey on larvae and compete with zooplanktivorous fish. The article also discusses the importance of gelatinous plankton in the marine ecosystem and its role as prey for various predators. Different species that feed on this type of plankton, such as crustaceans, fish, birds, mollusks, sharks, dolphins, and jellyfish, are mentioned. The symbiotic relationship between some species of fish and crustaceans with gelatinous plankton is also highlighted. Furthermore, the exploitation of certain jellyfish species for human consumption in various countries and the contamination of gelatinous plankton by microplastics are mentioned. The need to study its composition and its role in the marine ecosystem is raised. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents William Tan, a violinist from the Singapore Symphony Orchestra who has become an underwater photographer specializing in marine life. William has obtained diving certifications and travels around the Pacific region to photograph marine life for scientific institutions, camera manufacturers, and tourist organizations. He works closely with Canon Singapore and is sponsored by several underwater photography equipment companies. The article also includes a list of photographs of different marine species taken by William in different places such as the Philippines, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, among others. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the need to evaluate the effects of sunscreens on aquatic ecosystems. Studies have been conducted on the safety of sunscreen components for human use, but the risks to marine organisms have not been taken into account. Experiments with pond shrimp showed that certain components of sunscreens caused body opacity and lethal consequences. The toxicity of cream D, which contains zinc oxide in the form of nanoparticles, is highlighted, and the pollution and adverse effects of titanium dioxide are mentioned. It is concluded that detailed studies and regulations are needed to protect human health and the marine environment. [Extracted from the article]

Los Morteros (5726-5041 cal yrs. BP) is an archaeological site located in Pampa de las Salinas, in the lower Chao Valley, on the northern Peruvian coast. This site includes several phases. One of these belongs to the construction of an adobe-brick monumental building dating 5400-5100 yrs. BP. Excavations carried out in 2017, uncovered a context comprised of burnt areas containing marine animal bones, shells, charcoal, articulated human skeletons, and commingled human bones. This context is interpreted as the remains of an offering related to the closing event of the adobe-brick monumental structure. This interpretation is based on the conjunction of osteological, contextual, and radiocarbon analysis. The closing event of the adobe-brick monumental structure, of which this offering is part, contributed to the construction social and ritual significance at Los Morteros, located inside the Archaeological Complex of Pampa de las Salinas in the Chao Valley. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Immaterial is the property of BAU, Centro Universitario de Diseno de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Three species of cetaceans, the pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata attenuata), the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), are important components of the marine fauna of the Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG). However, basic biological information on the behavior and occurrence of these species remains scarce. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the diurnal behavior of the three-mentioned species in the ACG. Methods: The north Pacific of Costa Rica, from Bahía Salinas to the Marine Sector of ACG was sampled between May 2005 and May 2006. The behavior scanning method was used to identify the general behavior of the cetacean groups. Results: Encounters were recorded for the three species, in a total of 36 sightings, but only for S. attenuata and M. novaeangliae for considerable periods of time. Stenella attenuata exhibited a wide variety of behaviors, being foraging (X2 = 29.42; d.f. = 1; P < 0.001) and travelling (X2 = 38.33; d.f. = 1; P < 0.001) significantly higher during the rainy season. Predominant behaviors for the humpback whale were mother-calf association, social and travelling; being the latter higher during the rainy season (X2 = 78.16; d.f. = 1; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Behaviors such as foraging and mother-calf were the most representative among species and the most frequent. This suggests that the area can be considered as a critical habitat for these species of cetaceans, with particular importance for highly migratory species such as humpback whales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nova Acta Científica Compostelana is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: At present in the world and in Cuba, trips to the beach constitute a habitual practice of many people, especially in summer time; These excursions usually include activities such as swimming, diving, sailing and fishing and others. This situation leads to the fact that sometimes bathers are victims of accidental poisoning from bites and exposure to toxic marine animals. The Celenterados or Cnidaria family is constituted by a group of invertebrates, predominantly marine, which covers some 11,665 species described among: jellyfish, anemones, corals, hydroids and other less known. The main characteristic of the species grouped in this family, is the presence of stinging cells, called cnidocytes, which have an organelle called a nematocyte; these cells contain toxins that function as a mechanism of attack (capture of prey) or defense in these animals. Objective: To describe the poisoning by marine toxins of animals of the Celenterate family. Methods: A literature review was carried out that addressed the issue of Celenterates. A description was made of the characteristics of each of the species in this family, of the toxins present in them, the main clinical manifestations, as well as the fundamental measures aimed at the treatment of this intoxication. It had as its starting point, the reception of several patients in the Guard Corps of the Clinical- Surgical Hospital "Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy" and being assessed by the medical guard had the diagnosis of poisoning by marine toxins of animals of the Celenterados family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Toxicología is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Toxicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on the International Day for the Defense of Mangroves due to the substantial loss of these coastal ecosystems that are highly productive. Topics discussed include shrubs or small trees that grow in saline coastal or brackish waters; salt-tolerant trees, also called halophytes, adapted to life in adverse coastal conditions; great environmental and socioeconomic value of mangroves; and Laguncularia racemosa provide shelter and food for marine fauna.

The article presents the author's views on research conducted by botanist Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet on influence of climate change on deteriorating condition of Baltic Sea. Various topics discussed include biological campaigns started by Tsvet, history of sea animals in the sea and research of environmentalists on the sea.

Decree 38/2022 establishes the Marine Reserve of the islands of Toro and Malgrats in the Balearic Islands. The objective of these marine reserves is to limit the exploitation of marine resources in order to protect marine species and ecosystems. Fishing and the extraction of marine flora and fauna are prohibited, except for professional small-scale fishing and recreational shellfish gathering. Subaquatic activities are also regulated, and modifications are introduced to previous decrees. The fish biomass in the island of Toro is the highest recorded in the Balearic Islands. [Extracted from the article]

As part of periodical studies about parasitic fauna of marine fishes carried out in Laboratory of Parasitology of Universidad de Oriente, campus Nueva Esparta, several commercially important ichthyic species were evaluated. Fishes were collected in three landing ports of Nueva Esparta state and immediately processed. Gills were carefully extracted and reviewed under stereoscopic microscope. Permanent slides were prepared with parasites found, and then to obtain descriptive images. In all cases, the parasitic habitat was gills of hosts. New records for Venezuela comprises five monogeneans: Capsala manteri collected on little tunny, Euthynnus alleteratus; Capsala pricei found over lesser devil ray, Mobula hypostoma; Tristoma integrum observed on swordfish, Xiphias gladius; Decacotyle floridana registred over spotted eagle ray, Aetobatus narinari and Hexostoma lintoni discovered on yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares. For the first time for the country, representatives of subfamilies Capsalinae and Decacotylinae were referred to. Some details of parasites anatomy are described, discussing about taxonomic and biogeographic aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article reports on various topics related to climate change and marine life. Firstly, it mentions that global warming has masked the contribution of greenhouse gases to changes in the frequency of hurricanes in the North Atlantic. Then, it talks about the Little Ice Age, a cold period that occurred between the 14th and 19th centuries, and explains that it was caused by a warm water intrusion from the Atlantic into the Nordic seas. Additionally, it highlights that male seahorses develop a placenta to incubate their offspring, providing them with oxygen, nutrients, and antibodies. Finally, it mentions that extreme temperatures in the sea are amplifying the impacts of climate change on fish and fisheries, which could cause economic losses and affect the livelihoods of fishermen. [Extracted from the article]

The article "Hidden fauna in underwater forests" talks about the diversity of organisms that inhabit the marine environment, specifically in intertidal macroalgae. It is mentioned that the epifauna community is made up of echinoderms, annelids, mollusks, and crustaceans, such as amphipods. These crustaceans are considered "marine insects" due to the functions they perform and have similar characteristics to the aforementioned crustaceans, such as lobsters and crabs. Amphipods are important ecologically due to their biodiversity and can be used as substitutes for conventional food in aquaculture. They are also used in ecotoxicology studies as indicators of contamination. [Extracted from the article]

A new report for the Cuban ichthyofauna especially on Class Chondrichthyes is given in this work: Isistius brasiliensis Quoy and Gaimard, 1824. A 289 mm total length (LT) and 248 mm of precaudal length juvenile male was collected fresh from the stomach content of a swordfish (Xiphias gladius) on December 10, 2015 at northeast of the Cojímar fishing port, Habana, Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto antineoplásico en células de glioblastoma humano de los extractos apolares de Riftia pachyptila, y el perfil químico de los posibles compuestos bioactivos. Antecedentes: El glioblastoma es uno de los tumores cerebrales más común y letal. Los productos naturales de origen marino han mostrado interesante actividad antineoplásica. R. pachyptila es un invertebrado marino que vive cerca de ventilas hidrotermales, y tiene mecanismos apoptóticos para el control de la población de sus simbiontes. Métodos: R. pachyptila se separó en trofosoma (Tr), pared (Pa) y tubo (Tu). Se liofilizaron y maceraron con hexano. Los extractos fueron evaluados en las líneas celulares LN-18, M059K, U373 y U87, y de fibroblastos no cancerígena BJ1. La viabilidad celular se determinó con los métodos de MTT y azul de tripano, en tratamientos de 1, 10, 50, 100, 200 μg/ mL durante 24h. Al extracto de mayor efecto citotóxico se le realizó el análisis de la expresión de la p53 por western blot e inmunofluorescencia. La evaluación química fue mediante UHPLC/MS. Los compuestos se analizaron en los programas Way2Drug y Pubchem. Se usó el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) seguido con Tukey (comparación múltiple) para evaluar los resultados. Protocolo INNNMVS No. 147/18. CONACYT No. A1-S- 37634 Resultados: El extracto apolar Tr presentó un importante efecto citotóxico dependiente de la concentración principalmente en las líneas celulares de glioma humano LN-18 y M059K. En LN-18 se produjo estabilización de la proteína p53. Con el análisis químico se identificaron más de 800 compuestos presentes. Conclusiones: El extracto apolar Tr de R. pachyptila tiene un efecto antineoplásico específico en las líneas LN-18 y M059K, Los resultados sugieren que el mecanismo molecular de la muerte celular es dependiente de p53. El perfil químico de Tr presentó gran variedad de compuestos, algunos con reportes de actividad antineoplásica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some diatoms species of genus Pseudo-nitzschia produce toxins causing amnesic shellfish poisoning. In April 2009, a bloom of diatoms was observed in a semi enclosed area in Cienfuegos Bay, Cuba, the potentially toxic species Pseudo-nitzschia cf. multistriata was identified but not nocive effects in marine animals or humans were reported. The present paper describes the phytoplankton composition and concentration in the bloom area with emphasis in the species Pseudo-nitzschia cf. multistriata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Maguaré is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Departamento de Antropologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In a commercial farm located near the Marine Reserve "La Rinconada" (Antofagasta, Chile) the larval settlement of Argopecten purpuratus on artificial collectors impregnated with multiespecific films of marine diatoms Navicula sp. and Amphora sp. and, bacterial strain NC1 were evaluated, These biofilms were isolates from artificial collector used in commercial activities with highest index of settlement in hatchery and laboratory conditions. The results to use this biofilms in collectors installed in same condition of commercial collectors show not statistical differences between treatment uses and the control based on the number of larvae for collectors after about 30 days of immersion. This differences observed, in base to time necessary to settle of larvae to first cohort on collector, is product of possible replacement of this biofilms for a common type in all collectors and more attractive for larval settlement. We recommend to estimate the time to replace the biofilms on artificial collectors installed in natural environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large groups of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) are common in the North Mexican Caribbean and gather between May and September each year. We describe their spatial and temporal distribution, and the physicochemical (temperature, dissolved oxygen, light extinction coefficient and salinity) and biological conditions during the presence and absence seasons of R. typus. A total of 26 sampling stations were monitored to record whale shark sightings and physicochemical variables during 10 field campaigns from April 2005 to March 2006. At each station, zooplankton and water samples, for chlorophyll-a and nutrients determination, were collected. Physicochemical conditions were significantly different between presence-absence seasons (ANOSIM, Rglobal = 0.632). The R. typus season was characterized by low salinity values, and higher temperature, chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen and inorganic nitrogen concentrations values. Average zooplankton biomass was lower during the absence season, while recorded the maximum values during the presence one. Furthermore, these values were also observed in areas with higher species abundances, supporting the hypothesis that the site is used by R. typus primarily as a foraging area. We conclude that physicochemical conditions of the study area promote the biological productivity, which explains the spatial and temporal variability of R. typus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its high number of ecosystems and wide altitudinal gradient, the department of Cauca in southwestern Colombia, encloses a great part of the Colombian mammal diversity. In spite of its richness, the mammalian fauna from Cauca has been poorly studied. In order to synthesize the information on mammals from this Department, we present a checklist of 220 mammalian species that occupy the continental and marine area of Cauca, representing 45% of mammals reported as present or potentially present in Colombia. The present work was based on national mammal collections, international museums databases, and bibliographic information. Although this work represents the most comprehensive effort in documenting the mammalian fauna of the department of Cauca, future research is necessary to increase our knowledge on the mammals of Cauca and to implement more adequate conservation policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inside the dangerous marine animals for man, one finds the Poisonous Shark, also known as thorny shark. Which belongs to the order of the Escualiform and possesses thorns which can cause stings that can manage to be serious since the manifestations last several days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Order of March 3, 2022, from the Minister of Economic Development, Sustainability, and Environment, updates the Basque Catalog of Endangered Species of Wildlife and Marine Flora and Fauna in the Basque Country. The decree establishes the procedure for including or excluding species in the Catalog, as well as the rules for the development and approval of management plans. The update of the Catalog is proposed with several species of odonates, amphibians, and birds, following a process of public information and evaluation of population and distribution criteria. The Order came into effect on March 17, 2022. [Extracted from the article]

We analyzed the heavy metal content in the muscular tissue of the catfish, Ariopsis felis, in the southern Gulf of Mexico between 2001 and 2004. The research was done in order to establish an environmental frame of reference for this organism. The metal concentration was as follows: Hg < Co < Pb < Ni < V < Cr. Cobalt and vanadium contents were found to decrease and those of nickel, mercury, and chromium to increase; however, neither of these trends was observed for the lead content. One-way analyses of variance confirm significant temporal variation only for cobalt, mercury, lead, and vanadium. Significant linear correlation coefficients (p ≤ 0.05) were found for Co-V, Cr-Ni, Cr-Pb, Co-Hg, Ni-V, and V-Pb. The first three associations showed positive correlations, whereas the remaining ones had negative correlations. A factor analysis grouped the studied metals depending on their origins. The metal levels found in the muscular tissue of A. felis from the southern Gulf of Mexico were lower than those set by national and international regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over large areas of the Brazilian continental shelf, coralline algal rhodoliths provide habitats with high community diversity. In order to understand the role of rhodoliths in structuring the poorly studied infauna of these habitats, we determined seasonal patterns of their size and shape related to the associated biota, and experimentally tested the influence of living substrata in the Abrolhos Archipelago marine protected area. Samples (n = 20) were randomly collected from a rhodolith bed using cores (~1.7 L) during three seasons of the year. Subsamples were sorted by grain size, dry weight, degree of thallus branching, and associated invertebrate taxa. Live and dead rhodoliths with invertebrates removed and control samples with invertebrates present (n = 6) were transplanted inside baskets into the bed to test substrate associations. Transplanted samples were compared with natural ones directly collected from the rhodolith bed after nearly three months. The most common rhodolith-forming species was Mesophyllum erubescens. Polychaetes were usually the dominant taxon, making up 63% of the total infauna. The most common infaunal species was the polychaete Exogone dispar. There was a general seasonal trend of a reduction in invertebrate abundance from autumn/winter to spring. Amphipods were dominant in autumn (70% of sample) but half as abundant in winter and spring when their population density was similar to that of polychaetes (49%). Ophiuroids and molluscs were less abundant (up to 1% and 5% of the total sample). Polychaete abundance was significantly lower in live than in dead transplanted rhodoliths, whereas amphipods showed no difference. Variation in infaunal abundances was related to variability in habitat heterogeneity due to changes in rhodolith size and shape resulting from changes in water turbulence. The calcareous thalli of rhodoliths not only build complex calcareous gravels but also affect community diversity providing a refuge for infaunal groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patterns of genetic structure among marine populations involve a variety of dispersal mechanisms and spatial scales. Pelagic species, such as the dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus, epitomize the open and continuous nature of the marine environment due to their extensive migrations. Many studies have revealed that oceanic pelagic species tend to be genetically homogeneous over local and often extended geographic scales and only show levels of differentiation among extreme localities or ocean basins. Here we present genetic data suggesting genetic heterogeneity in the dolphinfish at geographic scales much smaller than those predicted by those generalizations. Mitochondrial NADH1 gene RFLPs revealed a highly significant (ΦST = 0.029, P = 0.004, AMOVA) molecular genetic structure among fish from Baja California Sur (BCS), Sinaloa and Hawaii, consistent with heterogeneous haplotype frequencies (P = 0.014, exact test of genetic differentiation) and a depressed molecular diversity in fish sampled off BCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Specimens of Uca uruguayensis were collected (n = 1200, 216 megalopae, 984 undifferentiated and adults), counted and classified as males, females or undifferentiated individuals. Each was measured (total carapace width, CW) and weighed (dry weight, DW). The crabs were analyzed and separated into cohorts by the conversion of polymodal width-frequency distributions into normal curves. Six cohorts were recruited during the study period. Two cohorts coexisted in September and December 2001, and April and October 2002, and three in March and June 2001, December 2002, and February 2003. Ovigerous females were captured in December 2001 and 2002, and February 2003; on this last date, megalopal settlement was registered at all the sampling sites. The correlation between CW and DW was analyzed and the growth pattern was modelled by applying the power function (DW = a CWb). Males, females and undifferentiated individuals were examined separately and all together as a group. The data were fitted, indicating a positive allometry for DW, males showing the highest allometric values. To estimate the annual production we used a size-frequency method. Mature individuals, in particular those included in the 10–11.99 mm size class, contributed most to production. On the other hand, few individuals belonged to the size class prior to puberty. Total biomass (expressed in DW) varied between 20 and 611 mg m-2 and the highest values were recorded during summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oocyte structure of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) female gonads was analyzed to validate morphochromatic sexual maturation stages based on a six-phase scale. Samples were obtained fortnightly from the Santa Rosalia area, Baja California Sur, from June 2001 to November 2002. Histological preparations were obtained from each gonad to count the number of oocytes at each level of development. The frequency of oocytes at each level was then used to estimate a maturity index (MI) to assess the correspondence between morphochromatic maturation stages and the oocyte structure in the gonad tissue. The histological analysis showed that morphochromatic stages I, II and III were ruled by oocytes in developmental level 2 or less (i.e., secondary growth has not yet begun), and thus correspond to sexually immature juveniles. Stages IV, V and VI were ruled by oocytes in more advanced developmental levels and correspond to mature or maturing adults. According to the analysis of variance, the morphochromatic maturity scale allowed sexually immature individuals to be readily and reliably distinguished from mature ones. A detailed analysis of MI confidence intervals showed that each morphochromatic maturity stage had a specific oocyte structure, except for stages II and III, which presented morphological differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo habla de los recursos acuáticos en la subsistencia azteca en relación con los cazadores, pescadores y recolectores. Estos recursos han sido muy importantes en la Cuenca de México según varias fuentes documentales, etnográficas y arqueológicas que ofrecieron grandes cantidades de proteínas y otros nutrientes de alta calidad. El lago de Texcoco, por ejemplo, contenía una variedad de aves acuáticas, peces, insectos y larvas comestibles, anfibios y crustáceos.

The analysis of the fishery of the bocona Cetengraulis edentulus is presented in the coastal sector of the Island of Salamanca, Colombian Caribbean. The used data of Capture were obtained starting from the fishing statistics of the INPA, and they were analyzed by mobile averages. The of the mortalities were calculated by means of the program FiSAT using the curves of capture linealizads with regard to the sizes. The values were: the total mortality Z=4.92 year-1; the natural mortality M=1.74; the mortality for fishing F = 3.18 year-1; and the rate of exploitation Z=0.646. 75% of the probability of capture of the females, and 50% of the males, they are recruited in the net below the sizes mean of maturity. The main conclusion was that the resource is sobreexplotated, so much for the volume of the capture like for the recruitment sizes to the fishery for both sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of a biological-fishing study of Cetengraulis edentulus are presented, related with age, growth and mortality, between March and December of 1996, in the coastal sector of the Island of Salamanca, Colombian Caribbean. The calculated equations of growth were: Lt(mm) = 192 [1 - e-0.744 (t+0.0673)]; Pt(g) = 77.2 [1 - e-0.744 (t + 0.0673)]3.143 The biggest fishing pressure is over the group of I and II years, what is equal approximately to 75%, of the capture; the number of captured especímenes of age I was of 20x106 millions, and of 9x106 millions for the group of age II, approximately both values, what represents a percentual value of the 56 and 37% respectively of the total weight of the recruited sample, estimated approximately in 35x106 Kg. With base in the respective equation, they were considered the length for each age and it was found that this results presented realler estimates that those calculated by other authors in this specie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]