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Copyright of Acta Odontológica Colombiana is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are the main cause of non-combat casualties in the Armed Forces. It is essential to collect and analyze data on them to determine risk factors. This should translate into the development of adequate physical preparation planning, which allows prevention, recovery of injured personnel and the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to each tactical position. Material and method. Descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective observational epidemiological design, extracting from the official statistics published by the Ministry of Defense data on accidents suffered by military personnel between 2009 and 2019, including those caused by sport practice. Results. Injuries due to sports activities account for approximately 50 % of the accidents suffered by the military. Those most affected are the enlisted service members (85 %), especially in the Army (86 %). The most frequent injuries are traumatic (around 65 %), although with a minor nature. The largest number of events occur in instruction and physical preparation; running, gymnastics and tests to assess physical condition (with 65 % of the total) are the most damaging tasks. Conclusions. Although the absolute number of injured has decreased throughout the decade analyzed, the trend and relative frequency of cases has hardly changed, in this sense the training methodology and the data collection mechanism should be reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The inappropriate use of antibiotics is associated with a greater risk for antimicrobial resistance, high health care costs, adverse events, and worse clinical outcomes. Objective: To determine the prescription patterns and approved and nonapproved indications for macrolides in a group of patients from Colombia. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study on the indications for the use of macrolides in outpatients registered in a drug-dispensing database of approximately 8.5 million people affiliated with the Colombian health system. Sociodemographic, pharmacological, and clinical variables were considered. Results: A total of 9.344 patients had received a macrolide prescription; their median age was 40.1 years (interquartile range: 27.1-53.3 years) and 58.3% were women. The most commonly prescribed macrolide was azithromycin (38.8%) most frequently for Helicobacter pylori infection (15.9%) and pneumonia treatment (15.8%). A total of 31.3% of the prescriptions were used for unapproved indications: common cold (7.8%), COVID-19 (4.0%), and acute bronchitis (3.5%). Residence in the Caribbean region (OR=1.17; 95%CI 1.05-1.31), dental prescriptions (OR=2.75; 95%CI 1.91-3.96), presence of chronic respiratory comorbidities (OR=1.30; 95%CI 1.08-1.56), and prescription of erythromycin (OR=3.66; 95%CI 3.24-4.14) or azithromycin (OR=2.15; 95%CI 1,92-2.41) were associated with a higher probability of macrolide use for unapproved indications while being 18-64 years old (OR=0.81; 95%CI 0.71-0.93) or 65 years or older (OR=0.77; 95%CI 0.63-0.94) and residing in Bogotá-Cundinamarca (OR=0.74; 95%CI 0.65-0.85) were associated with reduced risk. Conclusions: Most patients received macrolides for respiratory tract infections; erythromycin and azithromycin were used for unapproved indications in people under 18 years of age and those with chronic respiratory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The practice of self-medication is considered a potential threat in the field of health in general and particularly in the dental field, since the people who engage in it are unaware of the adverse reactions. The objective of the study was to determine the rate of dental self-medication in adults in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador 2021. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, the instrument used was a previously validated virtual survey. A sample of 402 persons met the inclusion criteria. Results: The prevalence of self-medication found was 88.31% (n=355), with respect to age there was statistical significance (p<0.000), the people who presented the highest frequency of self-medication were between 18 and 44 years of age (91%; n=289). The drugs most in demand were anti-inflammatory drugs (31%; n=126), with tablets being the most common (73.4%; n=295). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental self-medication in the city of Guayaquil is high, with young adults being the population most exposed to this prac tice; these data are alarming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbamazepine is an antiepileptic drug chemically related to tricyclic antidepressants. In therapeutic doses, it is not arrhythmogenic, but when toxic values are reached, it produces blockage of sodium channels, which favors the appearance of cardiac arrhythmias; sometimes it can lead to blockages of the cardiac conduction system. We present a series of four patients who were admitted with cardiac conduction disorders and were taking carbamazepine at the time of admission. All were hypertensive, 75% were women, and three of them had used the drug for a period of more than one year. The most frequent reason for admission was decay, requiring permanent pacemaker implantation, and one patient died after using carbamazepine again (defined causality). The remaining three had a possible causality with the consumption of this drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an estimated prevalence ranging from 2-17% in adults. The current standards of pharmacological treatment in the real-world setting are unknown. Objective: To determine drug prescription patterns in the treatment of adult Colombian patients diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Materials and methods: This observational study analyzed prescription records of patients aged >18 years who were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis between January and December 2017. Sociodemographic and pharmacological variables (topical and systemic corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, immunomodulators and antihistamines) and concomitant medications were evaluated. Results: In total, 15839 patients were identified with a mean age of 43.5±25.8 years, mainly women (63.7%). A prevalence of atopic dermatitis of 0.3% in adults was estimated, with an incidence of 361.0 new cases/100.000 individuals during the study period. Topical corticosteroids were the most frequently prescribed medications (84.4%), followed by antihistamines (59.3%), systemic corticosteroids (32.6%), immunomodulators (1.7%) and calcineurin inhibitors (1.2%); 56.8% of patients received combination therapy. Conclusions: Treatment of atopic dermatitis is infrequently reported in the country. It mainly affects adult women, and patients are treated predominantly with topical corticosteroids, either as a monotherapy or in combination with antihistamines and systemic corticosteroids for short periods of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzodiazepines and “Z-drugs” (BZD/Z) are overprescribed in many countries. This study evaluates their consumption in a social security sector health insurance provider with national coverage in Argentina. With a descriptive and observational approach, outpatient dispensations of BZD/Zs were analyzed for people over 18 years old from April 2020 to March 2021, disaggregated by sex, age, active ingredient, and half-life. An annual prevalence of use of 11.6% was found among the 431,445 adult affiliates, with higher rates in women and in those over age 60. Overall consumption of BZD/Zs was 77.6 defined daily doses (DDD) per 1000 enrollee-days. The average user received 5.1 annual dispensations and the equivalent of 1.4 DDD for each day of the year. BZD/Zs with long half-life were the most used. We found high levels of BZD/Z consumption and for longer periods than recommended. It is necessary to improve the quality of consumption and reduce the negative impact of inappropriate use of these drugs among treated individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leftover and expired medicines in households must be disposed of in such a way as to ensure the population’s safety, while generating the lowest possible negative impact on the environment. In this context, the aim of this study was to explore drug disposal practices related to home medicine cabinets among medical students in Quito, Ecuador. Between December 2018 and January 2019, 498 students from different semesters were surveyed. Data show that up to 30.3% of students had flushed their medicines down the toilet at least once, while 7.2% acknowledged that they had removed the medicines from their packaging to deposit them in a household garbage disposal. A secondary aim of the study was to analyze expired and leftover drugs in participants’ medicine cabinets. Metformin was the most common medication found, followed by acetaminophen, spironolactone, and ibuprofen. This study shows the urgent need to develop multisectoral strategies for the implementation of policies on pharmaceutical domestic waste, which will make it possible to control and reduce the negative impact on both the environment and public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to compile an inventory of national data sources for drug utilization research (DUR) in Argentina and to verify publicly available data sources, we performed a cross-sectional study that sought to identify national and provincial databases of drug use. In July 2020, we searched the websites of government institutions, carried out a systematic query of bibliographic databases for “drug utilization research” conducted in Argentina, and conducted a survey with local experts. Data collected included: the institution responsible for the database, population covered, accessibility, source of the data, healthcare setting, geographic information, and whether data were individual or aggregated. Descriptive analyses were then performed. We identified 31 data sources for DUR; only one was publicly and conveniently accessible. Five published aggregated data and provide more detailed access by formal request. Only seven sources (23%) reported national data, and most (n=29) included only data from the public healthcare sector. Although data sources for DUR have been found in Argentina, limited access by researchers and policymakers is still an significant obstacle. Increasing health data transparency by making data sources publicly available for the purpose of analyzing public health information is crucial for building a stronger health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Síndrome Cardiometabólico is the property of Sindrome Cardiometabolico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CES Medicina is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Children's Succinylcholine 100mg, is manufactured in the Liorad Laboratories Base Business Unit, it is the objective of this work to characterize the adverse reactions to succinylcholine in the Cuban child population during the usual clinical practice. A review of the scientific literature was carried out, in the period that it is evaluated, there are no publications of suspected reactions of the national product, a claim received for failure of effectiveness was evaluated, which did not proceed, there was no withdrawal of this product and in postproduction visits its use was positively evaluated. A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study was carried out; As a series of cases, based on spontaneous reports of adverse reactions to the National Database, other information related to the patient and the product that appears therein was taken into account. The study universe consisted of 91 notifications sent from June 2015 to june 2019. Suspected reactions were classified according to frequency, intensity and imputability. The highest percentage of reactions reported corresponds to bradycardia, the cardiovascular system was the most affected. The highest number of adverse reactions was classified as: occasional (91.2%), which corresponded with serious reactions with favorable evolution (no fatal outcome was reported) and with the classification of probable. The adverse reactions reported are those described for this drug. It is concluded that the present work allowed characterizing the adverse reactions to succinylcholine 100mg in the Cuban child population, describing its introduction in the national market as safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CES Medicina is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Falls are frequent in the elderly, because they take medication that may increase the risk of falls, including psychotropic drugs. Aims: To explore the relationship between the use of psychotropic drugs and the occurrence of falls in institutionalized patients, and to identify the most used drugs in these patients. In addition, it was studied the risk associated with the psychotropic drugs and the risk of falls that they caused. Methods: A nested case-control study was performed from a cohort of polypharmacy patients residing in a nursing home. Cases were those having suffered a fall from August 2014 to December 2015, and controls were those without falls recorded. The exposure of psychoactive drugs was explored retrospectively in both groups. Information was collected in the database of the nursing home. Analysis focused on the odds ratio of falling per pharmacotherapy group, using confidence intervals set at 95%. Results: A sample of 22 patients, 9 cases and 13 controls, was analyzed: most patients were women, and the mean age was 82.3 years (SD=6.45). Residents used a mean of 11 medicines (SD=4.64). The most used pharmaceutical group and drug respectively were antipsychotics and quetiapine (59.1%, n=13; 45.5%, n=10). The OR determined in this study did not evidence any statistically significant association between the pharmacotherapeutic subgroups and/or drugs and increased risk of falling (quetiapine: OR=4.5; IC=0.730-27.739; atypical antipsychotics: OR=3.2; IC=0.540-18.980). Conclusion: Results were obtained in a restricted sample, leading to the incapacity of demonstrating significant associations. However, a trend between the use of psychotropic drugs and the risk of falls in the elderly was shown, identifying the most influential pharmacotherapeutic groups in falls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Self-medication is a common public health problem among students, mainly among medical students who have greater knowledge in pharmacology. We consider that it is important to establish the magnitude of the problem in future prescribers. Materials and methods. We performed a cross-sectional study through a survey of 276 medical students. We analyzed demographic data, medical history, habits, frequency of this behavior, drugs used as self-treatment, percentage of selfmedication, reasons for self-medication and knowledge about this behavior. Results. Of the 276 surveys 270 were analyzed. We found a prevalence of 79.3% self-medication. The only associated factor with higher statistical significance was students who were in clinical practice (p = 0.020). Drugs that were mostly used were: acetaminophen (10.8%) and ibuprofen (3.9%). 70.6% of the mentioned drugs require a medical prescription. Most frequent reasons were: headache (10.64%), common cold (4.20%) and dysmenorrhea (3.37%). Only 39.1% of respondents met criteria for responsible self-medication. Conclusion. Prevalence of self-medication among medical students is high. Most of used drugs need a medical prescription. The factor influencing this behavior is the year of medical school to which they belong. Selfmedication is mostly found when students are in clinical practice. Most students do not self-medicate responsibly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Postoperative pain can cause complications, prolonged hospital stays and has often been poorly assessed. Objectives: To determine the intensity of pain in patients operated on using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and to identify variables associated with a lack of control in seven cities in Colombia. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study in patients older than 18 years between 1st January and 30th September, 2014 in 8 clinics across Colombia. The intensity of postoperative pain was assessed with a VAS 4 hours after the procedure. Socio-demographic, clinical and pharmacological variables were considered. Multivariate analysis was done using SPSS 22.0. Results: A total of 1015 patients were evaluated. The mean age was 42.5 ± 17.1 years, and 63.8% were female. The mean pain level was 38.8 ± 19.4 mm, with a total of 600 (59.1% of patients) without pain control. Dipyrone was the most used analgesic, followed by morphine and tramadol. Being treated at Nuestra Señora del Rosario Clinic in Ibagué (OR: 1.65; CI 95%: 1.096-2.479; P = .016), coming from urban areas (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.186-2.463; P = .005), being subjected to major surgery (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.316-3.109; P = 0.001), emergency surgery (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.065-2.013; P = .019), and suffering nausea (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.341-3.118; P = .001) were statistically associated with no pain control. Conclusion: None of the clinics had acceptable percentages of patients with pain controlled 4 hours after surgery. Clinical practice guides should be incorporated, institutional policies should be defined, health personnel should be trained, and the outcomes of the interventions should be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the prevalence of simultaneous prescription of antiepileptic drugs and identify wrong prescriptions that may affect the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives in a group of women covered under the Colombian General Social Security System in Health. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study based on records of women between 15 and 45 years of age who received at least one antiepileptic drug from March 1st to 31st 2014, included in database of a logistic operator for medication distribution for a population belonging to the Contributory and Subsidized regimes in the Colombian social security system. The evaluation included the type of hormonal contraceptive and of the anticonvulsant medication, and the frequency of concomitant prescription and of incorrect prescription of combined use of medications. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: Out of a total number of 2092 female users of antiepileptic drugs, there were 89 (4.3%) cases identified with concomitant use of at least one anticonvulsant and one contraceptive. Incorrect prescription of contraceptive methods was identified in 48 cases (54%), including the concomitant use of enzymatic-inducing anticonvulsants and combined hormonal injectable contraceptives (20 cases) or the use of combined low-dose oestrogen oral contraceptives (16 cases) or oral progestins (10 cases) and the use of non enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs and combined oral contraceptives, and high-dose oestrogens (2 cases). Conclusions: An important number of female users of anticonvulsants used hormonal contraception and almost half of them had an incorrect contraceptive prescription, creating a risk of undesired pregnancies or increasing the risk of thromboembolic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. Determine thyroid hormone prescription patterns in the population covered by the Colombian Social Security Health System. Methods. Descriptive study using a database of 6.2 million people. The selected patients, men and women of all ages, received continuous thyroid hormone treatment from April to June 2013. A database on medication use was designed, using data obtained by the company that dispenses these drugs. Results. It was found that 29 947 patients in 82 Colombian cities had been treated for hypothyroidism. The majority (79.1%) were women, with an average age of 63.2 ± 16.1 years. The most common prescription was for levothyroxine in 50 µg tablets (85.7%) at higher-than-recommended daily dosages, especially as monotherapy. Significant differences between age groups and cities of residence were found for the combined use of thyroid hormone and co-medication. The most frequently prescribed concomitant drugs were antiulcer agents (44%), hypoglycemics (17.4%), and iron salts (16.1%). Conclusions. There are significant differences in prescribing practices in the cities studied. Clinical management guidelines that standardize dosages and physicians' practices are needed, since a lack of guidelines has likely had an impact on patients' health. The clinical efficacy of the prescriptions studied should be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigaciones ANDINA is the property of Fundacion Universitaria del Area Andina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to determine the frequency of extended use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in Colombian patients with high cardiovascular risk (HCVR), a retrospective study was developed which identified HCVR patients who used NSAID for over five continuous months from January 2011 and March 2013. Patients chronically receiving nitrates, digitalis and clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), known as HCVR, were identified. An analysis of the frequencies of use based on the co-medication received was performed. Concomitant use of NSAID was found in 0,35% of consumers of nitrates (average time: 9,5 ± 4,4 months), in 0,36% of consumers of clopidogrel and ASA (average time: 9,3 ± 3,4 months), and in 0,4% of consumers of digitalis (10,2 ± 4,6 months). It is concluded that there is a low proportion of chronic use of NSAID in high-risk cardiovascular patients. Key words: Cardiovascular diseases; Anti-Inflammatory agents, non-steroidal; Pharmacoepidemiology; Pharmacovigilance; Colombia (source: MeSH NLM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Our objective is to determine the prevalence and factors associated to psychotropic medication consumption in a sample of adult females. Additionally, this study seeks to analyze the relative contribution of environmental and genetic factors to psychoactive medication use. Method: Sample consists of a population-based cohort comprising 437 pairs of female twins born between 1940 and 1966. Information is collected through individual interviews, and it includes employment status, educational level, partner status, menopause, presence of mental disorders and psychoactive medication use. Logistic regression models are applied. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to interindividual variation is analyzed through the classical twin design. Results: In the past month, 34.0% of the women interviewed had consumed psychoactive medication. Consumption increases with age, in women out of the labor market, menopausal, and reporting a history of mental disorders. When controlling for age, all variables lost significance, except the presence of mental health problems. Heritability estimates for psychoactive medication use was 52%. This estimate is similar (46%) for consumption in the two categories studied. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of psychoactive medication use in this sample. This consumption is mainly associated with age and presence of mental disorders. About half of the interindividual variation in psychotropic medication use is attributable to genetic factors, while the rest of the variance would be due to environmental factors unique to each individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive: Determine Adverse drugs reactions frequency related to use drugs during anesthetics procedures in patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: Realized study was prospective and descriptive; in Surgical Center of Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo Hospital, between October 2008 to March 2009, included 319 patients (both sex); This patients underwent elective surgery which intervals of age were: < 1y., 1-10 y., 11-20 y., 21-30 y., 31-40 y., 41-50 y., >50y with physical status ASA I, ASA II and ASA III who were random selected. The data was obtained in investigation protocol sheet designed for investigators. Results: 45,5% of patients presented ADRS, mayor frequency in adults who have more than 50 years old (60,7%), women were mostly affected (57,2%), ASA II patients presented more ADRS (43,4%), according with Rawlins and Thompson Classification Type A ADRS were most frequent (84.1%) and most of them were secondary effect rio (37,2%), the most frequent ADRS were hypotension and bradycardia, wich related to use to fentanyl, bupivacaine 0.5% y thiopental. Conclusions: Female has more ADRS frequency and age group more affected was older than 50 years. Drugs more frequent associated with ADRS were fentanyl, bupivacaine 0.5% and thiopental; ADRS more frequent were hypotensión y bradycardia; most comun was ADRS Tye A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The use of drugs during lactation requires assessing the mother's need and the infant's risk. Health workers in the health area and the population must reflect this risk. Objective: To Identify the perceived risk of drug use during lactation in nursing and in lactating women. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional drug utilization type of factors that influence prescribing habits study. 57 nurses and 60 lactating women belonging to the polyclinic locations Machaco Angel Ameijeiras, Guanabacoa municipality, in 2009 were surveyed. Age, education and drug use in women as well as professional nursing staff, risk perception and way of information on the subject were determined in both groups. Results: Among nurses predominated the perception of low risk (96.5%), and technical level (76.7%); 98.2% of them reported that they received information on the subject, mostly during pre-graduate training (85,7%). In women predominated a risk perception of mean value (36.7%), risk perception was better in the younger ones, and 100% said that the nurse was the main source of information. Conclusion: The perceived risk of drug use during breastfeeding nurses in this area of health was poor, which could be related to low-skilled. This result could contribute to risk perception of women in the health area not to be the best one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To identify the frequency of drug use for the prevention of corticosteroid induced osteoporosis (CIO) among patients using corticosteroids for more than three months affiliated to the General Social Health Security System of Colombia. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study. Information about people affiliated to the General Social Health Security System of Colombia (3.7 million) was used. This study included men and women of all ages having been prescribed any glucocorticoid from August 1 to November 30, 2011. Sociodemographic variables and the characteristics of of the glucocorticoid prescription and CIO prophylaxis drugs in a defined daily dose (DDD) were identified. Results. A database of 255,568 prescriptions of glucocorticoids was obtained, with a total of 1,837 patients receiving some glucocorticoid chronically. The majority of participants were females (60.2%), with an average age of 55.2±16.9 years distributed in 65 cities of the country. Prednisolone was the most commonly used glucocorticoid (1,546 patients, 84.1%), whereas the most prescribed prophylaxis drug used was calcitriol (67.1%). Despite the need to receive prophylaxis, 994 cases (54.2%) were not receiving it. Conclusions. There is a poor utilization of CIO prophylaxis. The implementation of drug surveillance actions that allow the identification of problems related to these drugs in order to prevent adverse events and optimize resources is recommended, thus anticipating the emergence of complications in the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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