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Background: Descemet's Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratplasty (DSAEK) results in corneal endothelial dysfunction was reported in this paper. Methods: Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients having endothelial dysfunction were included in this study. Preoperatively and postoperatively complete ophthalmic examinations were performed including uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD) and complications were recorded. Results: 19 eyes (76%) had bullous keratopathy, 4 eyes (16%) had Fuch's endothelial dystrophy and 2 eyes (8%) had corneal graft fail-ure. The mean follow up period was 20.8±7.8 months (6-36 months). The mean UCVA was improved from 0.11 ±0.11 (range, hand motion-0.3) to 0.52±0.23 (range, 0.1-0.9) (p<0.05). At the last visit the mean BCVA was improved from 0.12±0.12 (range, hand motion-0.3) to 0.65±0.26 (range, 0.1-1.0) (p<0.05). In 20 (75%) eyes, the mean BCVA was 0.3 or better at the last control visit. The mean ECD of donor corneas were 2378.24±250.34 cell/mm² preoperatively. At the first month the mean ECD was 1783.34±256.93 cell/mm² (range, 75-2017.43). At the last control visit the mean ECD was 1671.98±235.54 cell/mm² (1497.45-1954.34). The mean IOP was 15.12±2.24 mmHg (range, 11-21 mmHg) preoperatively. At the last control visit the mean IOP was 14.83±1.34 mmHg (range, 13-17 mmHg). CCT was 640.36±14.82 μ (range, 624-678 μ) at the first control and it was 639.54±15.76 μ (range, 621-679 μ) at the last control visit. Conclusion: DSAEK surgery was found to be safe and effective in corneal endothelium diseases. This method is expected to be used more frequently in the future with advances in technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a clinical syndrome that is often diagnosed late and is associated with a progressive clinical deterioration and death. However, over the past ten years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of effective therapies. Identification of dysfunctional pathways in the pulmonary circulation provided novel therapeutic targets with the goal of reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and death from right ventricular failure. Treatment strategies are determined according to current guidelines. Pulmonary artery vasoreactivity, functional class and response to treatment are important concepts for initiation of medical therapy. With the availability of medications that target different pathologic processes, combination therapy has become a frequently used therapeutic option in PAH. In this paper, we aimed to review the therapeutic algorithms in pulmonary hypertension based on current guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a potentially fatal syndrome which is rarely seen during treatment with antipsychotic medications. In this paper, the treatment of NMS that developed after a dose increase in oral antipsychotic drug therapy with depot antipsychotics in a patient with schizoaffective disorder, who has used antipsychotic medications for a long time and was hospitalized many times was reported and the treatment approach and bromocriptine use in NMS was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although surfactant has been one of the basic treatment approaches in respiratory distress syndrome in the last 20 years, an absolute consensus has not been established regarding its way of use and dosing regimens. In this paper, a case with severe respiratory distress syndrome recovering after 5 doses of surfactant administration is presented, and multiple dose surfactant administration which is rarely required in this disease is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]