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Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a state of hyperglycemia accompanied by a low level of insulin, starting in the first six months of life and requiring insulin therapy for at least two weeks. The incidence is 1/300.000 to 400.000 and seen in both gender equally. There are two clinical subtypes of neonatal diabetes including temporary and permanent types. Transient type of neonatal diabetes constitutes 50-60% of all cases. Mutations in the KCNJ11, ABCC8, INS or HNF1B genes are responsible for 20-26% of transient type of neonatal diabetes, while methylation loss of differentiated methylation sites of chromosome 6q24 locus is responsible for the vast majority (about 70%). The onset of disease can be immediately after birth and clinical manifestations are polyuria, dehydration and poor weight gain in the first six weeks of life. In this paper, a transient neonatal diabetes case which developed feeding intolerance on the first days of life with detected hyperglycemia requiring insulin therapy; and detected maternal loss of methylation on chromosome 6q24 is presented because of the rarity of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital heart tumors are very rare and the most common type is the rhabdomyoma. Frequency during autopsy is between 0.027-0.08%. Moreover 51-86% of these tumors are associated with tuberosclerosis. Also hamartomas might accompany, particularly on the central nervous system and skin, kidney, liver, lung and heart. In this paper, two cases diagnosed with tuberculosis who showed rhabdomyomas in fetal echocardiography in the antenatal period and were seen to have tubers in cranial magnetic resonance (MR) postnatally, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most common causes of abdominal mass are neuroblastoma, germ cell tumors, hepatoblastoma and congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) accounts for more than 90% of all renal tumors seen in the first three months of life. Total nephrectomy is curative. Neuron-specific enolase is a glycolytic enzyme that is localized primarily to the neuronal cytoplasm. Its sensitivity is especially high for neuroblastoma and small cell lung cancer. In this paper, we report a newborn with abdominal mass that was firstly considered as neuroblastoma due to calcifications observed on ultrasonography and high levels of serum neuron-specific enolase. After histopathological evaluation of the lesion, the patient was diagnosed as having atypical (cellular) congenital mesoblastic nephroma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]