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The gift tradition is a universal and functional culture pattern that is encountered in all cultures. This tradition has been maintained in both primitive and contemporary cultures. In modern cultures, gift-giving has been offering more opportunities to consumers than previous eras In the gift of gift tradition, it is necessary to be brought together fields such as consumer behavior, history of economy, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and culture in order to be able to examine the behavior of women in buying gifts, giving gifts, and accepting gifts from the others. The purpose of this paper is to try to understand the feelings, thoughts and expectations of women about gift-giving. For this purpose, firstly the concept of gift-giving, and in this direction the thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors of women in gift-giving were thoroughly examined from the past to the present and new suggestions were made as stated in the results obtained from this paper [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research mainly examines the importance of the intersected places that are crucial in the daily life of young migrants from a sociological perspective. This group is different from other migrant groups because they are both in transition from childhood to adulthood and the changes in the routine of the host country. As a theoretical discussion, this paper examines intertwined places in their daily life and looks at their migration experiences by adding a spatiality perspective. To cover all dimensions and understand better youth experiences, which are underestimated in migration studies, youth migrant identity will be examined by focusing mainly on four different intersected places that are education (training centers or universities), home, workplace, and street/ public space. Their encounters there and their various experiences of them by combining with their backgrounds produce translocational positionalities in their everyday life. As a result, different from other researches, by examining the interconnected dynamics of many locations, this study helps to comprehend the experiences of young migrants from a holistic viewpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sociology, which aims to understand the human and society, is a discipline that makes easier to understand new situation and the process which people have to face in the modern age. Many components accepted as "taken for granted" in the traditional period are investigated with the experiences of modernization and secularization. The choices are given importance in religious understandings and a pluralist understanding of world emerged. Whereas the founder sociologists think that the religion will disappear in the modern period, it hasn't come true and the sociology of religion, as a junction point with religion and sociology, began to enhance its importance in the modern age. In his university years and first academic career, Berger aimed to be a well-known Lutheran theologian; but in the next years he directed his studies to the field of sociology of religion. Peter Berger is one of the most important sociologists of religion with his intellectual transformation and tens of books. In this paper, we'll try to trace the places he grew in, his school years, intellectual sources / persons he benefited and his academic adventure. So, in this paper we purpose to present his intellectual portrait in the light of his biography and main arguments. Even though he is from Viennese, he was born in Trieste, Italy on March 17, 1929 because he had some relatives of his mother there. He moved to US with his family via Palestine. He stayed in Palestine for eight years and joined many courses related to Presbyterian and Anglican churches. He studied on different churches of Christianity and then decided to adopt Lutheranism. In 1946 he moved to New York with his family. Because he decided to be a well-known Lutheran theologian, he enrolled to the department of theology in Wagner College. After his graduation, he noticed that it is necessary for him to understand American society to be a famous theologian in the future, so he enrolled to the department of sociology in New School for Social Research for master. In these years, he met Thomas Luckmann and they became very close friends and co-writers. Berger and Luckmann were affected by his professors Albert Solomon, Carl Mayer and especially Alfred Schutz. Because Berger liked very much to interest in the human and society, he certainly decided to go forward with sociology. He finished his Phd. dissertation in 1952 entitled "The Baha'i Movement: A Contribution to the Sociology of Religion". This book includes Berger's first deep sociological analyses related to the sociology of religion. From 1956 to 1963 he studied as an academician at Women's College of the University of North Carolina and Hartford Theological Seminary. Then he began to study in New School as an association professor in 1963. This date is very important for Berger. Because from now on he has written many important papers and books which have made Berger a very famous sociologist at worldwide. He wrote a book entitled Invitation to Sociology (1963) which gained a reputation in the field of sociology. This book was one of the best-selling books written by a sociologist until that day and it was translated to many languages. He wrote also one of the famous books Social Construction of Reality (1966) with his best colleague Thomas Luckmann. They developed a phenomenological perspective in the sociology of knowledge with inspiration from their professor Alfred Schutz. They produced a dialectical cycle which includes three phases: externalization, objectivation, and internalization. They summarized this cycle as "society is a human product, society is an objective reality, and man is a social product." Peter Berger, is a remarkable thinker of the present day, said that the religion will disappear in the future because he was an advocate of the theory of secularization at the first career years. However, especially after 1990s, he has needed to refresh his sociological opinions because of the spiritual situation at the world and has produced contrary opinions. When we investigate the reasons of his transformation, we see that Berger himself explains shortly that this is a journey of change, not a change of mentality. According to him, modernity hasn't invariably caused the secularization but has caused pluralism, which has destroyed uniformity of the conventional life and has obligated people to choose. Berger, the sociologist of modernity, has tried to explain the modern world in the frame of modernity, secularity, and pluralism. He began to study at Rutgers University as a professor in 1970. In these years he wrote many important books like The Homeless Mind: Modernisation and Consciousness (1973), Pyramids of Sacrifice (1974), Facing up to Modernity (1977). In 1981 he began to study at Boston University which is a more famous university. He founded The Institute for the Study of Economic Culture which examines the relationship between economic development and socio-cultural change in Boston University with his collaborators in 1985. He went on writing and published many books: Modernity, Pluralism and the Crisis of Meaning (with Thomas Luckmann, 1995), The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion and World Politics (editor, 1999), Questions of Faith: A Skeptical Affirmation of Christianity (2003), Religious America, Secular Europe? (with Grace Davie and Effie Fokas, 2008), In Praise of Doubt: How to Have Convictions without Becoming a Fanatic (with Anton Zijderveld, 2010), Adventures of an Accidental Sociologist -How to Explain the World Without Becoming a Bore- (2011), The Many Altars of Modernity: Towards a Paradigm for Religion in a Pluralist Age (2014). As a result Berger has made remarkable contribution to the sociology and sociology of religion and he is going on to write weekly in American Interest about America, Europe, Middle East and also Turkey with many important thinkers like Mead and Fukuyama. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper prepared with the basis of The Turkish cinema favorable terrain to find how expressions reveals change of economic, social, political and cultural life at societal level and the new Turkish cinema's sectoral growth, occur second half of nineties, and reason of rise in interest reveals as a problem within the context of sociological views in this paper .In the nineties, died called, but new Turkish cinema enlived again with 'Eşkıya' Yavuz Turgul made movie, in the context of written thesis(dissertations), articles, boks, seminars it has become much debated issue after 2000s, and still is also discussed. On the other side, the number of spectators, the local film numbers, the increase in the amount of state support also occurred in the revival of Turkish cinema and evidence of a rise in interest in nature. However, in the context of these studies about new Turkish cinema there has not been a comprehensive sociological analysis. This humble study aims to fill the gap at this point In the general framework new Turkish cinema defined particularly and definitions of expressing this concept is presented. With following sections, new sectoral increase that occurred in Turkish cinema and its sociological reasons for the projected rise in interest headings and numerical study based on the data expressed and study completed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seeking clues for sustainable energy future, this paper focuses on the social dimension of renewable energy developments. It aims to gain insight into this dimension and to clarify its significance. With this purpose, it reviews the general understandings, key assumptions and the different views in the relevant literature, on the basis of two main themes: local opposition and participation. While doing this, it adopts a view that renewable energy developments should be promoted without sacrificing the social pillar of sustainable development. In order to achieve socially acceptable solutions and transition to sustainable society, such a view points to a need for understanding social context of renewable energies and searching for more democratic and fair processes, and above all, a change in the dominant policy paradigms. The "what?" and "how?" questions in the context of our country necessitates further research on the social and policy dimensions of renewable energy. Since the subject has not been adequately addressed yet, this paper is considered to serve as a reference and to open up a new research field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Via 1789 French Revolution, it was thought that religion which is dismissed from social life would disappear in modern society over time. However, the question of what will replace this power which has provided the integration of societies for thousand years has pursued its existence as a problematic. Sociology as a new science born in a disrupted social order after the Revolution, will try to produce the knowledge not only of how the society is possible but also of how will the social order be organized. The power that will ensure reconstruction of a social order is actually the “ substitute religion” invented by this new science. The purpose of this paper is to present how the leading theorists of the Enlightenment such as C. Montesquieu, J. J. Rousseau and Saint -Simon and the French sociology including the perspective of E. Durkheim after approximately a century when A. Comte founded sociology at the beginning of the 19th century have generated this “substitute religion”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In social psychology, the bystander effect, defined as a social dilemma, is related to the probability of help to a victim by the mere presence of others. This dilemma has been generally assumed, by game theoreticians and experimental economists, to represent the same social phenomenon as the volunteer's dilemma. In this paper, we analyze these two different social dilemmas and the main question of the article is whether these two different social dilemmas represent the same social state. We first provide a broad literature review, and discuss the game theoretical foundation of the volunteer's dilemma. Then, we provide an alternative theoretical explanation for the bystander effect and discuss the differences between these two social states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, different approaches which are focusing on the relationship between society and literature and providing perspectives on using literary works in social studies creatively has been examined. Using literary work as a document and and collect information for social studies may lead us some short cut and false conclusions. Sociology of literature as a discipline aims to clarify the aspects of the relation between society and literature. According to this discipline exploring the transformative potential of art is a more efficient way. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the types of aesthetic transformation by viewing different approaches exploring the relationship beetween "literature and psychology" and "literature and ideology". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If the aim of sociology is to evaluate the factors influencing the society, we can say that it is impossible for it to disregard the Quran in the case of studying Muslim societies. Like sociology, the Quran underlines the social change. In this paper, in addition to the sociology of Islam, we will study the sociology of the Quran. Then, we' will concentrate on those verses which we think they are related to the issues of "social change and corruption " in sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the relationship between religion and society in Artuqids (1101-1409) are considered at the general level. In this paper in which a general panorama of social dimensions of religion are tried to bring up, the mutual relations of religion with society are investigated. In the context of religion-society relations, this study contains the relationships of religion with state, politics, economy, science, education, language, etc., and speaks of interreligious relationships and the relations between the members of different religious sects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important institutions of today's information society is the university. The main purpose of universities is the development and distribution of culture. However new objectives have been added to this purpose. Universities make significant contributions to their home cities, and even the world, in the fields of economics and socio-culture. The subject of this paper is "The Contributions to Home Cities of Universities". In this framework, the concept of university has been mentioned, followed by the explanation of their general purposes and contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper claims that scientific activity cannot be restricted to a specific man of science simply because all types of scientific activities have a web of relations to each other and earlier study becomes a basis for the latter one. Accordingly, every step in the scientific course establishes a moment in the scientific culture of humanity. This argument is put to a test in terms of an example taken from the study of Ibn Khaldun, whose contribution to sociology has been accepted in general. Ibn Khaldun appears to make his own contribution to social psychology thanks to the close relation between his concept of "asabiyah" and "conscious confirming behaviour". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]