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Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Çıldırlı Minstrel Festival XIX. He lived in the late 19th century and spent most of his life fighting Russian invasions. Âşık Şenlik composed the makam Çıldır/Şenlik/Şenlik/Şenlik Divanî, usually sung by Azeri and Karapapak minstrels. Many minstrels were influenced by Şenlik during his lifetime and in the following periods. The aim of this study is to prepare a bibliography of researches made in about Âşık Şenlik and his works in 1989-2023. The bibliography is classified into five groups as thesis, book, paper, article and others. The studies are listed alphabetically according to the surnames of the authors. The studies reached on Âşık are not complete and complete. However, this article is important in terms of being a source for the studies to be done for Çıldırlı Âşık Şenlik. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basic words have an important place in the vocabulary of languages. Basic words and therefore organ names are among the frequently used word categories in the Turkish word formation system. Studies on organ names constitute an important material about the language studied. In this study, the definition of organ names has been made by emphasizing the importance of basic words in the mother tongue, and the studies on these names in Turkey Turkish have been examined. Theses, books, book chapters, and articles and papers are listed. In the conclusion part, a brief evaluation of the studies is given and it is aimed that the bibliography will be a source for those who work on organ names and those who will do it. In the study, it was seen that organ names were included in separate sections in vocabulary studies, especially in studies on medical terms. While scanning, organ names studies, which constitute an important data for medical science and other sciences as well as Turcology, were limited to the field of social sciences. Explanations were made about master's and doctoral theses, books and book chapters, articles and papers were listed alphabetically according to the names of the authors. The abundance of articles and theses on the subject draws attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rhodes, which has commercial, military and geopolitical importance for Mediterranean and Anatolian geography, was ruled by diverse nations throughout the course of history. When the island captured by the Knights of St. John in 1309, island became the center of anti Ottoman activities, and Mehmed the Conqueror’s campaigns to conquer the island failed. After this date, Rhodes question which remained stagnant for various reasons, solved in June 1522 with the extensive campaign of Suleiman the Magnificent, in order to include the island to Turkish territories and secure the Mediterranean trade roads, and the island was conquered 20 June 1522. As an important conquest for the Turkish history, conquest of Rhodes had both commercial, political and military, and eternal consequences, and this event was written in several fetihnames. The most famous of these, is the Fetihname of Rhodes of Celalzade. As it is already known, fetihnames, which tell a conquest from beginning to end, would become poems known as tehniye. An unknown sample of this kind, which have many examples in classical Turkish literature tradition, is inspected by us and become the subject of this paper. In these days which coincides with the 500th anniversary of the conquest of Rhodes, Fehmi’s- a 16th century poets (d. 16th century) Fetihname of Rhodes, is tried to be presented to scholarly world. In our studies in Republic of Turkey State Archives, Ottoman Archives Topkapı Palace Archives document 0364, we have seen that this piece, which includes fetihname and the date, which was given by the poem. As it was found in the palace archives it is clear that this poem was presented to sultan. It is important for both fetihname literature and its poem, who has been unknown to this date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Proverbs, which were known as "sav" previously, are defined as wise sayings adopted by community with stereotyped forms which have become doctrines as advices or wisely thought or general judgements basing on our ancestors' long experiences. Proverbs are effective language materials for defending an idea, commenting on an event / a behavior or criticizing. Numbers are important for these culture carriers which were adopted by society. It is very natural for numbers, which are basic vocabularies of our language, to be used in proverbs, which are parts of our oral and written culture. The focus of the present paper is the numbers used in proverbs, and the content of the study is restricted with number of "two". Some numbers such as "three", "four", "five", "seven", "nine","forty" are known as blessed in Turkish folk believes. The consecutive of bir "one" is iki "two", and it refers to plurality. The duality in the universe is symbolized with "two". That one is used for absoluteness is effective for usage of two in proverbs more than the other numbers. How the number two is used as noun, adjective, pronoun or adverb, and with which words it is stereotyped is analyzed with some determinations in the present study. Besides, some examples such as "iki...bir / bir...iki" kalıbında "iki eğriden bir doğru çıkmaz", "iki dinle bir söyle", "bir koltuğa iki karpuz sığmaz", "bir buldu, iki ister; akçe buldu, çıkın ister" in which "two" is used in a contradictory sense with one are also included in the frame of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkmen Turkish is one of the writen language of contemporary Oguz dialect and belongs to Southern West group and the east side of this group. It has some features of East Turkish as much as speciality of Oğuz dialect. In this paper, Türkmence-Türkçe Sözlük is searched for analyzing of the labial harmony of Turkmen Turkish which is a part of the Western Written Language Groups. Some information about Turkmen turkish is announced at the first part, and the labial harmony of Turkmen Turkish is compared according to the other written languages of Western group. The reasons of the weakness of labial harmony at Turkmen Turkish are ordered at the first part and the examples of the words which is not suitable for labial harmony was given from the lexicon. The words of Türkmence-Türkçe Sözlük is separated as "foreign origin" and "Turkish origin" for the analysing of labial harmony and the reasons of keeping out the harmony is scrutinised. At the end the rate of the words which is not suitable for labial harmony was given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Object is the element which is affected by the action expressed in the verb and performed by the subject. It is found only in the sentences whose predicate is transitive. A transitive verb (Ger. transtives verb, Fr. verbe transitif, Ing. transitive verb, Osm. müteaddî, fi'l-i müteaddî) is a kind of verb which affects object by turning towards it, and which require an object. A transitive verb needs object as a compulsory element in order to come to light. Object is attached to verb without a suffix or with accusative suffix {+(y)I}. Such as iç- "to drink something", sev- "to love somebody/to like sometihing". In intransitive verbs (Ger. intranstives verb, Fr. verbe intransitif, Ing. intransitive verb, Osm. lâzım fiil, fi'l-i lâzım) action turns towards agent and affect subject. Then they do not require an object. Such as gel- "to come", uyu- "to sleep", yat- "to lie down", kal- "to stay" The focus of the present paper is transitive usages of some verbs givens as intransitive in in TDK Turkish Dictionary. It is outstanding that these verbs collected at the end of a scanning procedure are polysemous. Such as aç- "to open" (22th and 25th meanings), al- "to take" (6th, 9th, 10th, 19th, 26th, 29th, 31st meanings), bırak- "to release, to give up" (2nd, 8th, 10th, 12nd, 21st meanings). Sample sentences that demonstrate these verbs are not without objects, moreover they have an indefinite object with {+Ø} suffix. Although some verbs such as belle- "to think, to memorize" (1st meaning), bırak- "to release, to give up" (12nd meaning), bil- "to know" (1st meaning) are given as intransitive, the sample sentences involve an object with define object suffix {+(y)I}. Some verbs such as alabil- "to be able to take" (1st meaning), bas- "to press" (11th meaning), bırakabil- "to be able to release" (1 st meaning) are labelled as intransitive. In the study, the issue whether the same verb can be used as both transitive and intransitive in terms of verb and component relations. Furthermore, it is debated that although gör- "to see" (9th, 11th, 12th meanings) and seç- "to select" (7th meaning) with {+Ø} accusative suffix are given as intransitive, is it possible to evaluate them as idiomatic or phrasal verbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türük: International Language Literature & Folklore Researches Journal / Uluslararası Dil Edebiyat Halkbilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)