1. Marmara Denizi'nde tsunami modellemesi.
- Author
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Kilinç, İsmail, Ciğizoğlu, H. Kerem, and Hayir, Abdul
- Subjects
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TSUNAMIS , *FLUID dynamics , *FINITE element method , *NAVIER-Stokes equations , *WATER masses , *WAVES (Physics) - Abstract
Istanbul is the most important city of Turkey in the view of economical, social and cultural aspects. Because of the active faults in the Sea of Marmara, there is always an expectation of an important earthquake that will be harmful for the city and also for the other big cities that are located around the Sea of Marmara such as Bursa, İzmit, Tekirdağ and Yalova. In addition to the earthquake, a tsunami which occurs in the Sea of Marmara can also be a very destructive hazard for Istanbul and other cities around the Sea of Marmara. There are many tsunamis that happened in the Sea of Marmara in the history. The main reason of these tsunamis is the slumps and the landslides that were triggered by an earthquake. One of the most important reasons of the tsunamis on the earth is the submarine landslides. Movement at the sea bottom stirs the above water mass. This causes tsunami waves and these waves damage the coastal areas seriously. The aim of this study is to find the maximum wave heights of possible tsunamis around Tuzla coasts using different scenarios. A submarine landslide that may be occurred after an earthquake or because of any other reason in the Sea of Marmara at the region near to northeast Marmara coasts is taken as the reason of the tsunami in the simulations that are performed in the study. As the solution method, one hybrid method was developed. The main objective of this method is to combine an analytical solution presenting near-field tsunami amplitudes above the submarine mass failure with a numerical solution indicating the tsunami amplitudes in the coastal regions. An analytical model that is frequently used in the literature was applied to find the amplitudes of tsunami waves at the surface of Sea of Marmara above the submarine landslide region. These tsunami waves will be directly affected from the water depth of the Sea of Marmara. It will be also affected by the shore profile when traveling to the coasts. Because of this reason, a computational fluid dynamics model which is based on finite elements method is used in the regions that are very close to the coasts. The model solves the Navier-Stokes equations. Analytical and numerical models were used together in this study. The analytical model is used from the submarine up to sea surface and the numerical model is used for modeling of the movement of the tsunami waves at the sea surfaces. In the border of two models the outputs of analytical model is used as the inputs of numerical model that means the initial and boundary conditions of numerical model is obtained from the analytical model.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009