Search

Sicill-i Ahvâl Registers are the personnel files in which the biographies of civil servants are recorded and are kept by the Sicill-i Ahvâl Commission, which has been performing the registry procedures of Ottoman civil servants since 1879. This study was prepared based on the cited source. The lives and professional careers of 11 identifiable civil servants from İnegöl are discussed. Thus, the names of the civil servants, their fathers’ occupations, family names, dates of birth, the schools they attended, the languages they know, and the level of their knowledge of these languages, whether they started working as trainees or permanent staff, and their ages, duties, salaries, and embezzlement status were determined. The last part of the article includes the biography of each officer. When the civil servants were examined in terms of religion and ethnicity, it was observed that all but one were Muslim and Turkish, and those who received high school education improved themselves in a foreign language. A few of them, most of whom were educated in primary schools, continued to secondary school, and the civil servants had an unpaid internship period before they ventured into their main professions. Other issues that have been determined are that the officers who fulfill their duties duly are rewarded, while the rank and salary of those whose faults are found are reduced. Thanks to the records, sociocultural and economic data that will enable us to understand the Ottoman provincial organization have been revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil-importing developing countries such as Turkey may be adversely affected by the increase in oil prices, which can raise production costs and the overall level of consumer prices. Increases in oil prices in international markets may also adversely affect the foreign trade balance of oil-importing countries. In this study, annual data for the period 1960-2019 in Turkey are used to investigate asymmetric causality relationships between oil prices and real exchange rate variables. Causality relationships between oil prices and real exchange-rate series, and between positive and negative shocks of these series, are examined using the Fourier Toda--Yamamoto method. The results show no symmetric causality relationship between oil prices and real exchange rate variables. However, a one-way causality relationship is revealed from positive oil price shocks to positive real exchange rate shocks, indicating that an increase in oil prices causes an increase in the real exchange rate in Turkey. According to these results, asymmetric effects should be considered when examining the relationship between oil prices and exchange rates in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]