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In this paper, effect of electricity consumption, growth and trade openness on CO2 emission in Turkey between 1970-2014 was analyzed. As an econometric method, ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model) bounds test approach was applied. The increase in electricity consumption, GDP and trade openness by 1% increases carbon dioxide emission by 0.15%, 0.60%, 0.17%, respectively. Error correction coefficient is negative and statistically meaningful. The impact of the variables on carbon dioxide emission clearly show that measures to be taken on environmental pollution in Turkey have become mandatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the impact of income distribution on environmental pollution for the period of 1990- 2015 in Turkey. For this purpose, the relationship between real income, energy intensity, income inequality and carbon dioxide emissions are investigated with ARDL bound test and bootstrap causality method. In addition, three empirical model are constructed to observe the relative effects of the value added of industry sector, manufacturing sector and service sector on environmental pollution. The results reveal that increasing income level and energy intensity increases environmental pollution both for the short and the long-run. In addition, it is concluded that increasing income inequality deteriorates the environmental quality in the short-run while inequality reduces the environmental pollution in the long-run. Moreover, increasing industrial value-added increases carbon dioxide emissions while increasing the value added of service sector reduces the pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]