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The present study was carried out between April-2017 and September-2018 in Mardin Province with the aim of determination of the species of family Dytiscidae (Predaceous diving beetles). A total of 1414 dytiscid specimens were collected from 34 different localities and identified. Totally 28 species in 14 genera of family Dytiscidae were recorded. All of the identified species were new records for Mardin province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the fumigant effects of the essential oil from Ruta graveolens L. flowers and leaves against Khapra beetle [Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)] larvae and adults. Cultivation of stock cultures and experiments were carried out under 35±2 °C temperature and 16 hours light 8 hours dark photoperiod conditions in 3 replicates with in each repetition. In the studies, 10 pieces of wheat and 10 pieces of T. granarium larvae or adults were put in 10 ml glass tubes. Different 5 concentrations (1.5, 3.5, 6.5, 9.2 and 12.0 µl/ml) of R. graveolens essential oil were used 10 µl for each tube. Results evaluated by considering the number of live and dead individuals at the end of 24, 48 and 72 hours. According to the results obtained from fumigant effect tests against T. granarium larvae and adults; it has been determined that the toxicity varies depending on the application dose and the application time of the plant essential oil and it has an effect of 100% on the larvae of the pest at the end of the 72 hour, and the maximum effect in adult individuals is 28.57% at a concentration of 3.5 µl/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of commercial entomopathogenic nematode species Steinernema feltiae Filipjev and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 on the fourth larval stage and adult stages of Leptinotarsa decemlineata which cause significant economic losses in potato production areas. Three different doses of two entomopathogenic nematodes (100, 150, 200 million infective juvenile (IJs) / 100 L water) were prepared and the trials were carried out in laboratory conditions according to the randomized plot design, with 10 replications, 5 individuals for each dose. Entomopathogenic nematode suspensions were applied by spraying method under 1 atmosphere pressure for 20 seconds to individuals in both growth stages. It was determined that the application doses of both entomopathogenic nematodes in the fourth larval stage were different from the control, but there was no difference between them, and there was no difference between both control and application doses in the adult period. In addition, it was found that the mortality rates caused by S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora on the fourth larval stage of the potato beetle were between 64-82% and 20-60%, respectively. In adult individuals, these rates for entomopathogenic nematodes were between 12-24% and 2-10%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemp cultivation areas have been increasing for various reasons. Therefore, the importance of pests that have the potential to do damage on hemp will increase daily. In our country, records for pests damaging in cannabis are almost non-existent. However, today there are complaints about some pests. These pests, which cause significant losses in cannabis in different parts of the world and are known to exist in our country, are likely to be potentially harmful in cannabis production. These are European corn borer [O. nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)], Eurasian hemp borer [Grapholita delineana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)], Hemp flea beetles [Psylliodes attenuata Koch, P. punctulata Melsh, Phyllotreta pusilla Horn, P. nemorum Linnaeus ve Systena blanda Melsheime (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)], aphids [Mysuz persicae Sulzer, Aphis fabae Scopoli, Phorodon cannabis Passerini, P. humuli Schrank and Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)] that are harmful to hemp. In addition to pests such as thrips [Thrips tabaci Lind and Frankniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and cannabis mites [Tetranychus urticae Koch and T. cinnabarinus Boisduval (Acari: Tetranychidae)], there are also common pests such as slugs and snails, mammals and birds. Acting with an integrated pest managament understanding against cannabis pests will help preserve the beneficial insects and natural balance in the cannabis ecosystem. In addition, the understanding of integrated control will prevent the pest problem from continuing. In this review, hemp damaging species and useful insects are listed in the world. In addition, control methods of potential hemp pests in our country have been introduced within the integrated pest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canola is one of the most important oil and alternation plants in our country. Also, it-'s production has increased over time and it still keep having a large production, especially in Thrace region in Turkey. Canola also has many pests as well as other crops. With this study, determination of the presence of pest insect species in the canola production areas in the Çorlu province of Tekirdağ and also developing a base of information for the future studies, was aimed. In 2017, 21 species and in 2018, 17 species were identified in the research. Psylliodes chrysocephala (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the highest rate of occurrence in both years. Also Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Ceutorhynchus picitarsis (G.) (Coleoptera: Cuculionidae), Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphidiidae) are most common ones. P. xylostella is in April, B. brassicae in June, in May 2017 D. baccarum and in 2018 P. chrysocephala were determined as common species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, fumigant effects were investigated of Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) and Zahter (Thymbra spicata L.) essential oils in different concentrations on Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). For each insect species separately for R. dominica and O. surinamensis species, 12 groups were formed in each group as 20 insects. These groups were the control group, solvent control group (150 µl L-1) include five different doses for L. nobilis. essential oils group (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150 µl L-1) include five different doses for T. spicata essential oils group (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 150 µl L-1). In the experimental setup for R. dominica, familiar results were obtained from L. nobilis with negative group, and solvent solution group, but mortality increased depend on increase in time and concentration. At the end of 24 hours, 100% fumigant toxicity was recorded in 100 µl L-1 solution. Similar results were obtained with the T. spicata application for the same insect species, with the highest concentration showing 100% fumigant toxicity after 24 hours. Similar results were recorded for O. surinamensis another storage pest, using the same plant essential oils and concentrations. As a result of the data obtained from the plant essential oil and its components, for R. dominica and O. surinamensis can be used instead of synthetic pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted in Sultandagı district of Afyon province in 2010 to determine the most effective traps for capturing Tropinota hirta (Poda) (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae), which is an economical pest on the flowers of sweet cherry trees. In this study, blue plastic traps (Sticky trap, funnel plus water and large pan plus water) baited with an attractant containing sinnamil alcohol, transanetol, dipropylene glycol and 2-propanol, 1,1-oxybis were used. Trials were carried out at four different locations. With a total number of 1096 sampled beetles, most adults were captured in the third cherry orchard site followed by the fourth cherry orchard site with 157 beetles The sexual index in the third and fourth cherry orchard sites was 0.26 and 0.23, respectively. The highest number of beetles were captured by blue funnel traps filled with water and baited with an attractant. In conclusion, we suggest that the use of a blue funnel trap containing water and an attractant formulation is an effective biotechnical method for controlling T. hirta adults, especially during the blooming period of 7-9 year old young trees when chemicals cannot be applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of some foliar fertilizers on pests and natural enemies during the 2007 and 2008 cotton-growing seasons in Aydin. Five foliar fertilizers were applied at recommended doses and periods. Result revealed that population of Empoasca spp. and Bemisia tabaci Genn. in Nutrigold Plus and Taris ZF, Frankliniella spp. in Nutrigold Zinc, Vitacal, Codex Zinc and Nutrigold Plus, Liriomyza trifolii Burgess were higher in Nutrigold Zinc, Taris ZF and Nutrigold Plus and statistically important. The population of Tetranychus spp. was the same amount in the treatments. Population of Aranea in Nutrigold Zinc and Taris ZF, Coleoptera in Vitacal, Hemiptera in Nutrigold Plus and Neuroptera in Nutrigold Plus were higher and statistically important.The foliar fertilizers did not negatively or positively affect the population dynamics of some cotton pests and natural enemies. It was thought that the differences on the population's amount in the experiments were related to relationships of between pests and natural enemies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted in three habitats representing different ecosystems (an area dominated by oaks, a grassland including several plants, and a stream bank) in Kasnak Mesesi Nature Reserve during 2005 and 2006 at 15-day intervals from April to October. Consequently, a total of 12 species were recorded from the habitats sampled, 9 from Carabidae and 3 from Tenebrionidae, by using the pitfall traps. The grassland including several plants was determined as the most diverse habitat according to Shannon and Simpson indices of diversity. Dailognatha quadricollis (Brullé) and Pimelia subglobosa (Pallas) were the most abundant species collected from all the three habitats in both study years with percentages of 45% and 24%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The climatic conditions and topographical structure of Turkey is very suitable for grown good quality of temperate region fruits, apple (Malus domestica Borkh), pear (Pyrus communis L.) and plum (Prunus domestica L.). Most cultivars of apple, pear, plum, sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), and almond (Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb) are self-unfruitful. Therefore, cross-pollination is usually the most yield-limiting factor in growing of these plants. Peach and nectarine (Prunus persica L.), apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) are largely self-fruitful. Even self-fruitful species and cultivars benefit from insect pollination. About 150 insect species, in various orders and families, were recorded visiting temperate region fruit flowers in Turkey. Among the beetles common and abundant species are Omophlus caucasicus Kirsch. (Alleculidae), Tropinota hirta (Poda) and Oxythyra cinctella Schaum (Scarabaeidae) occurring in the fruit flowers. They fly from one flower to another and might pollinate some flowers, but they forage in the flower for a long time and usually damage not only pollen but other parts of the flowers. They can be treated as harmful pollinators. Various species of flies (Diptera) in different families were noted visiting flowers of fruit trees. Among them some species in the family Syrphidae, particularly Eristalis tenax (L.), E. arbustorum (L.), and E. pertinax (Scopoli), can be accepted favored pollinators. Numerous species of wasps (Hymenoptera) in various families, especially Vespidae, were detected as flower visitors, their role in pollination can be accepted accidental. As orchard pollinators 123 bee species, including honey bee (Apis mellifera L.), were recorded visiting flowers of temperate fruit trees in Turkey (Table 1). They are the most important pollinating insects, as in the other countries growing these plants. As wild bees in the family Colletidae Colletes cascanus Strand is very abundant, especially on apple flowers in eastern part of the country. The genus Andrena Fabricius (Andrenidae) are early emerging bees, therefore they are very important on the pollination of particularly almond and apricot trees. About 40 species of Andrena were recorded visiting fruit trees. Of which, Andrena flavipes Panzer, A. dorsata (Kirbby), A. polita Smith, and A. morio Brulle were the most abundant and common species. Particularly A. flavipes has special importance in this respect. The genera Halictus Latreille and Lasioglossum Curtis (Halictidae) together comprise about 30 species; among them Halictus marginatus Brulle, H. malachurus Smith, H. frontalis Smith, Lasioglossum albipes (F.), L. laticeps (Schenck) and L. tricinctus (Schenck) were more abundant. In the family Megachilidae about 20 species were recorded with more than 10 Osmia Panzer species. Osmia cerinthidis Morawitz is the most common and abundant species. Attention has focused lately on the use of Osmia species as pollinators of fruit trees: Osmia comifrons (Rad.), O. lignaria Say and O. cornuta (Latreille) have been using commercially as fruit tree pollinators in Japan, the USA and Europe, respectively. Therefore attempt has been started to study the biology of O. cerinthidis and it was found that O. cerinthidis used the vacated ceils of Anthophora fulvitarsis Brulle and A. plagiata (Illiger) (Apidae) as cavities for the construction of brood chamber. Trap nesting studies on O. cerinthidis are going on in the field. In the family Apidae Xylocopa violacea (L.), X. valga Gersttaecker, X. iris (Christ), and various bumble bee (Bombus Latreille) species are effective fruit tree pollinators. Bombus pratorum (L.), B. haematurus, B. soroeensis (F.) ve B. pascuorum (Scop.) are abundant in the orchards near the wooded areas. B. argillaceus Scop., B. sylvarum daghestanicus Rad., B. humilis insipidus Rad., B. h. erzincanensis Özbek, and B. armeniacus Rad. are abundant in orchards present open areas.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]