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Copyright of Turkish Journal of Social Research / Turkiye Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Business Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Social Research / Turkiye Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To identify the factors, risks, and mortality associated with unplanned out-of-hospital births. Material and Methods: This observational, retrospective, case-control study was conducted between 2005 and 2013 through a review of medical records from the hospital network of a county of Brazil. Mother-child dyads were divided into in-hospital births and unplanned out-of-hospital births. For hypothesis testing involving quantitative variables, parametric and nonparametric methods (t-test or Mann-Whitney test, respectively) were used as appropriate after ascertaining normality of distribution via the Kolmogorov-Smirnov or Shapiro-Wilk tests. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the relationship between categorical variables. A binary logistic regression was applied for pooled analysis of those variables that, when analyzed in isolation, had significant p-values on hypothesis testing. In all tests, p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 420 records, 117 corresponded to out-of-hospital births dyads. Mothers were predominantly nonwhite (p<0.001), with a history of inadequate antenatal care (p<0.001), multiparous (p<0.001), aged >25 years (p=0.031), and had more puerperal complications (p<0.001). Their newborns had low birth weight (Odds Ratios: 2.22; 95% CI: [1.4-3.4]; p<0.001), higher morbidity (p=0.009), a higher rate of admission to neonatal intensive care and stepdown units (p=0.030), and prolonged length of stay (p<0.001). Conclusion: The risk of maternal and neonatal complications, as well as the neonatal mortality rate, were higher for unplanned outof- hospital deliveries. It occurred predominantly in nonwhite, older, multiparous women who had received incomplete antenatal care and who lived far from perinatal care centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to assess the influence of perceived positive psychological capital of primary school teachers on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment level. The research sample, which falls in descriptive and relational screening model, is 900 teachers working in primary schools in the city of Diyarbakır during 2012-2013 educational year. Psychological Capital Scale, developed by Luthans et al. (2007), Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, developed by Weiss et al. (1967), and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire for Teachers, developed by Üstüner (2009) were usedas data collection tools parametric and nonparametric tests were applied through SPSS to analyse collected data, and a model was developed through AMOS program in order to assess the effect of perceived psychological capital of teachers on their job satisfaction and organizational commitment level. Results of descriptive and basic analyses show that teachers' perception of psychological capital is "high"; the level of job satisfaction and organizational commitment of teachers is "intermediate". Results of structural equation modelling indicate that teachers' perception of psychological capital positively influences and significantly predicts their job satisfaction and organizational commitment. According to the results of mediation test, job satisfaction has mediation effect between psychological capital and organization commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Visual Analogue Scale has a narrow range which is used to evaluate the pain severity. In general, such type of data don’t provide the parametric test hypothesis. But at the group comparisons the number of outlier could be excessive at one of the groups. Consequently, it is analyzed by using non-parametric methods. Therefore, in this study as comparing two groups which are narrow ranged rates and also have outliers (skew) it has been aimed that evaluating the performance of Student t test, Logistic transformed Student t test, Mann Whitney-U test and Mood’s Median tests. Material and Methods: The study was planned as a simulation study. Accordingly, it has been formed distributions which are at interval of 0-10, based on the mostly used Visual Analogue Scale rates which were used in evaluation of pain. Simulations were repeated 1000 times for 20 combinations which consisted of 4 different distributions and 5 different sample size. Results: Type I error rates which obtained have varied as the sample size and the distribution type is changed and the test results haven't been changed though normalization method used in the type of data that is not concordance with normal distribution. Conclusion: Misusing and overusing of non-parametric tests gives biased results in scientific studies. Although the general approach was using non-parametric tests in which datas were recorded at the interval of 0-10 cm, the simulation study showed that such datas could also be evaluated by using parametric tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coast of Eastern Mediterranean located on downstream of the Göksu River has been exposed to flood disaster for several times in the past. Many studies in the basin have been carried out to prevent the developing damage and use advantage of the river. One of them is the Kayraktepe Dam which has been on the planning stage for more than thirty years. In this study, the information about historical process of the Kayraktepe Dam will be given and evaluation the flood frequency curves with nonparametric approach based on K nearest neighbors (KNN) in order to serve one of the purposes of the dam will be emphasized. While these results are compared with aforementioned parametric approaches as well as the results of Electrical Power Resources Survey and Development Administration which was responsible for performing initial investigation and planning of Göksu Basin, the applicability of the nonparametric approach will be questioned. Although quantile estimates for 500 years return period was 2363,95 m³/s in past feasibility report, this value descended to 1814,83 m3/s with nonparametric approach. The decreasing of designing dam dimensions is important to reduction both economical and environmental concern. As a result, the study will offer a detailed and a wide range of discussion on the design discharge of the dam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of the present descriptive study was to determine the effect of patient compliance with antiepileptic drug therapy on quality of life. Methods: The study population comprised 115 patients with epilepsy who applied to the neurology clinic of a state hospital in western Turkey between February and December 2011. Ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained. Data were collected using a personal information form and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-89 (QOLIE-89) in face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics, parametric tests, and non-parametric tests were used to evaluate data. Results: Mean age of the population was 36.10±14.95 years, and mean age at onset was 21.35±17.00. Males comprised 50.4% of the population, and 59.1% of patients took medication regularly. Patients received the highest scores on the subscales of language, social isolation, and physical function, and the lowest on the subscales of health perception, energy/fatigue, and seizure concerns. Total QOLIE-89 scores were found to be slightly above average, while subscale scores were generally below. There were significant differences between QOLIE-89 subscale scores and rates of regular medication use (p<0.05); subscale scores were higher, as were indications of quality of life. Conclusion: Quality of life was found to be low. Patients and their relatives should be better informed of the benefits of treatment compliance on quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Accumulating knowledge suggests that low 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations may be inversely related to diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. We planned to investigate the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels with some antropometric and metabolic data in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: In our study including 101 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 60 healthy controls, after making comparisons of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and other parameters of two groups, we made correlation analysis in our diabetic patients. Later, we grouped our patients according to their 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and made comparisons. Results: We found significantly lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in type 2 diabetic patients than in controls. In correlation analysis, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were found to be negatively correlated with insulin homeostasis model assessment index. When we grouped our diabetic patients according to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels, no difference was demonstrated in any parameters. Conclusion: This study suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels are significantly low in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In patients with type 2 diabetes, once vitamin D deficiency exists, metabolic parameters do not worsen according to decreasing vitamin D levels. Since hypovitaminosis D also exists in non-diabetics, we recommend vitamin D supplementation in our population . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess together with their parents, the quality-of-life of the teenage patients who had undergone open heart surgery because of cyanotic heart disease during their infancy and to compare their self-perception to that of physically healthy control group. Material and Method: This study includes 53 patients who had undergone operation for cyanotic congenital heart disease in Istanbul University, Institute of Cardiology, between 1989-1994. The relatives and the patients were informed with a consent form approved by Istanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Clinical Studies, Ethics Committee (Decree no. D-005, Date: 11-10-2009). Group 1 was the healthy control group (15 patients, median age: 19 years, 8 months), Group 2 included patients with single ventricle who had undergone Fontan procedure (20 patients, median age: 19 years, 6 months; 10 of them had tricuspid atresia, five of them had pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, three of them had double inlet left ventricle, one of them had double outlet right ventricle, one of them had ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia), group 3 included patients who had undergone operation for congenital cyanotic heart disease (33 patients, median age: 19 years, 2 months; 18 of them had transposition of the great arteries, 10 of them had tetralogy of Fallot, two of them had complete atrioventricular canal defect and pulmonary stenosis, two of them had double outlet right ventricle, one of them had pentalogy of Fallot). In this study, the quality of life and self perception scales were used. Quality of life scale was filled by patients, healthy adolescents and their parents separately. Self perception scale was only filled by patients and healthy adolescents. The comparison of age and self perception scores between the groups was carried out with unidirectional Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the multicomparisons with LSD (Least Significant Difference). Since the quality of life variable does not have a normal distribution, the comparisons were carried out with Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test and the multicomparisons with Dunn's test. Results: There was not a significant difference between the groups in terms of age and sex. In the quality of life scale (QOLS), for the replies to related questions, a significant difference was determined between the groups. The replies of group 2 and 3 for about quality of life of both children and the parents were far more negative when compared to those of the control group. When the groups were compared via multiple comparison tests, there was no significant difference between group 2 and 3. The replies of the parents regarding their children's quality of life, were statistically more negative than those of their children (p<0.001). Within the self perception scale, between group 1 and 3, there were significant differences about the social acceptance, behaviours in relationships and general self perception (p=0.03, p=0.03 and p=0.01; respectively). The most significant difference that was detected between group 1 and 2, was about the behaviour in relationships (p=0.04). Conclusions: With the help of developing technology, and surgical experience, many complex cyanotic heart diseases are treated successfully and most patients reach puberty. However the responses for quality of life and self perception paremeters of this group of patients are more negative than those of the control group. Therefore, these adolescents and especially their parents may need psychosocial support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article recalls and comments on the varied contributions, many of enduring value, made by Samuel Wilks to the theory and practice of statistics. Multivariate analysis, order statistics, and statistical inference have especially benefited from his research. His unflagging work on behalf of the profession as teacher, writer, editor, advisor, and committee member raised the visibility of the field of statistics and increased recognition of its wide relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]