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The Romans had ambivalent attitudes to gladiators. On the one hand the Roman society admired and glorified the gladiators, but on the other hand the gladiators were excluded from the society, were subject to various legal restrictions and branded with infamy (infamia). A freeborn Roman citizen who bound himself with a contract (auctoramentum) to fight in the arena as a gladiator in return for money had to endure a slave-like status. When it comes to the status of the professional athletes in antiquity, it can be observed that there are some contradictions in the legal texts concerning their status. Due to these contradictions it may be questioned whether there are any similarities between the status of these two groups of people. The aim of this essay is to approach and compare the legal status of the gladiators and the professional athletes. Although there are some similarities between the social and legal status of the gladiators and the professional athlethes, it can be said that unlike the gladiators the professional athletes aren't branded with infamy. Despite the contradictions in the legal texts concerning the legal status of the professional athletes it can be claimed that there are more differences than similarities between the legal status of these two groups of people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work & to point out existing social insurance applications regarding sportsmen in Turkey, to evaluate and give suggestions about theories and applications. Football is the only professional sports branch in Turkey. Sportsmen are divided into two as amateur and professional according to social insurance legislation. Professional sportsmen registered totally with the social insurance legislation in the year 1974, but amateur sportsmen were set apart from social insurance legislation. The works for amateur sportsmen on social insurance were mainly applied on sportsmen's health and arrangements. The amateur sportsmen branch wasn't taken so much into account in regards to social security. The most general social insurance applied for them is that of public insurance. In this article, at the end of a theoretical analyses; it is recommended to increase the number of professional sports branches to bring social insurance as public insurance, to operate sportsmen health and education centers and to increase the top level of earnings to the premium that are under the coordination of Sportsmen Health and Social Security Board under the Sports General Management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]