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Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem. In particular, chickens are the source of antibiotic resistance and resistance genes. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the Gram-negative bacterial species that cannot ferment lactose from cloacal swap samples and to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles. Identification of the bacteria was performed with MALDI-TOF-MS and multidrug resistance was determined by disk diffusion test. In addition, the presence of ESBL, AmpC and carbapenemase in isolates was investigated by CLSI directions. Totally, 27 isolates were collected and 20 of them were Escherichia coli, 4 of them were E. fergusonii and 1 isolate of Pseudomonas fulva, Aeromonas media, Serratia marcescens. 19 different antibiotic discs from 7 different classes were used in the study and 63% of bacteria had resistance to antibiotics from 3 or more classes. While the highest resistance rate was observed in tetracycline (74.07%), all isolates were found that sensitive to imipenem. While carbapenemase could not be detected in any isolate, it was observed that P. fulva had ESBL and AmpC. Also, PCR was conducted for blaCTX-M, CIT, blaKPC genes in P. fulva. It was found that the bacterium had only blaCTX-M gene. As a result, although it is pleasing to find low presence of beta lactamase, high multidrug resistance has been determined in bacteria. This situation suggests newer therapeutic approaches. In addition, considering the "One Health" concept, antibiotic resistance should be constantly monitored with the interaction of the animal-human-environment. Because the development of resistance is in a constant state of change between bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this case report, the diagnosis and treatment results of multiple congenital anomalies accompanied by coaxial agenesis, atresia ani et vulva, vaginal ectopy in a 2-day-old Simmental calf were evaluated. Our case is composed of a 2-days old simmental calf brought to our clinic with the complaint of absence of tail, anus and vulva. Clinical examination revealed tail agenesis, atresia ani et vulva. It was also detected that the calf was excreting stool and urine in the perineal region as a result of perforation of a soft fluctuant mass originating from the ectopic vagina. Histopathologic examination of the operatively removed mass revealed non-keratinized multilayer squamous epithelium consistent with vaginal mucosa. As a result, we think that this case, which is quite interesting, will contribute to clinical pract ice and literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is usually accompanied by persistent and severe pruritus. It is mostly located in the lower left limb as hyperpigmented or erythematous hyperkeratotic linear papules and/or plaques. Genital/perigenital involvement is extremely rare. It varies in size from very small lesions to the involvement of the whole extremity. The differential diagnosis is broad, including but not limited to lineer psoriasis, lichen striatus, verrucous epidermal nevus, lichen simplex chronicus, linear lichen planus and linear Darier disease and, prognosis is poor. In this report, we present a case of vulvar ILVEN that responded to topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory cream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A native breed, 16 years old mare was presented to our clinics with the complaint of an idiopathic and non-healing wound on the genital region. General condition of the mare was normal, but an extensive open wound on the vulva, which was extending to ventral part of the anus, characterized by fibrotic proliferation was observed in the examination of the genital region. The biopsy was taken and the samples were sent to pathology laboratory. As a result of histopathological examination, squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed. The suggested chemotherapy options for treatment were refused by the patient owner because of the age of the horse and the cost of treatment. With this case presentation, reporting of the clinical and histopathological result of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and possible treatment options for this rare case in a mare was aimed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this case was to define of a lamb with atresia ani, atresia vulva, and rectovaginal fistula and to evaluate the treatment results. The case was a 3-day lamb brought to our clinic with a complaint of a mass at the perineal area. In clinical examination atresia ani and vulva has been detected. On palpation, the structure of the mass was found to be fluctuant. Following sedation and local anesthesia surgical intervention was performed. A circular shaped skin around the anus was dissected and anal fissure was created. Vulva was created with an oval-type incision. The mass content included urine and meconium. Also, a rektavaginal fistula was detected at the dorsal aspect of the mass structure. Fistula patency was closed by a horizantal U suture. Vaginal structure was brought to the normal localization, separating with blunt dissection from the soft tissues in the perineal region. In addition, tissue samples taken from this area were analyzed histopathologically, which was found to be composed of the vaginal structure with squamous epithelium covered cutaneous mucosa. In postoperative process, the lamb was able to urine and defecate normally. Consequently, we believe that this case could contribute to clinical practice and literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granular cell tumors are rare tumors, usually located subcutanesously or intramucosal. Most frequent presentation is in the head and neck region especially in the tongue, 5-15% of the cases are vulvar. Originating from Scwhan cells, these tumors are usually benign and only 1-3% of the cases have malign behaviour. As these tumors have an agressive course and do not respond to chemo-radiation, to mention the importance of early diagnosis we present this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pilomatrixoma is a benign lesion generally found at the back of the head. A 44-year-old woman presented to our outpatient unit with the complaint of a palpable hardness in her vulva. On examination a palpable hard, mobile, painless mass approximately 2.0x1.0 cm in size was detected about 2.5 cm below the left labium major. The overlying skin was intact. After surgical removal of the mass pathologic findings were found compatible with "pilomatrixoma." No recurrence was noted during one year follow-up. Pilomatrixoma should be kept in mind as a diagnosis for dermal or subcutaneous nodules localized outside the head and neck region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To identify definition of intraoperative consultation and diagnostic accuracy in gynecologic pathology, gynecological-pathological agreement and solutions. Material and method: The results of 404 intraoperative consultations of 363 patients sent to Pathology Department by Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of hospital between 1 January, 2007 and 31 December, 2011, were assessed by using pathology reports, obtained from the database of Pathology Department. Results: According to our results, rate of intraoperative consultation was 4.7%. Frozen section diagnosis in 95.3% of cases was compatible with the paraffin sections, our false negative rate was 4.4%. False negative results during intraoperative consultation were due to the limited sampling. Definite diagnosis was left to paraffin sections in 3.7% of the cases. They were complicated cases and for differential diagnosis, immunohistochemical staining as well as requiring adequate number of sections and mitosis count was needed. There were primary tumors in 93.8%; multiple primary tumors in 1.2% and metastatic tumors in 5.0%, as being neoplastic in 67.8% and non-neoplastic in 32.2%. Intraoperative consultation was most frequently ordered in ovary; followed by endometrium, myometrium, cervix and vulva. Conclusion: In intraoperative consultations, communication and coordination of the gynecologist and pathologist and their experience are crucial for reliable results. It was found that results of our clinic was reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Ekstramammarian Paget hastalığı (EMPH), anogenital ve başta aksilla olmak üzere apokrin bölgelerde sık görülür. Vulva malignitelerinin %1- 5'ini oluşturur. Epidermiste primer bir neoplazi olarak ortaya çıkabileceği gibi altta yatan internal malignitelerin yayılmasına sekonder olarak da saptanbilir. EMPH klinik olarak deride iyi sınırlı, ekzematize veya eroze plak şeklinde gözlenir. EMPH tedavisinde cerrahi rezeksiyon en sık tercih edilen yöntemdir, ancak genellikle multisentrik olduğundan rekürrens oranı yüksektir. Uzak veya bölgesel lenf nodu veya organ metastazı olduğunda prognoz genellikle kötüdür. Kesin tanı histopatoloji ile konmaktadır. Pozitron emisyon tomografisi (PET)/bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ve MR primer hastalığın tanısında, nodal veya uzak metastazların saptanmasında, hastalığın yaygınlığının ve tedavi yanıtının değerlendirilmesinde rol oynar. Biz burada EMPH tanısı olan ve evreleme amacıyla F-18-florodeoksiglukoz (FDG) PET/BT yapılan olgunun görüntülerini sunuyoruz. Olgu: Mons pubisde yaygın ülserasyonları olan ve yapılan punch biyopsi sonucunda EMPH saptanan 70 yaşında kadın hastanın toraks ve batın tomografisinde her iki akciğerde nodüller, abdominopelvik, bilateral inguinal lenf nodları, sağ iliak kemik ve L4 vertebrada litik lezyonlar ve CEA: 34,30 ng/mL, CA 19-9: 100,85 U/mL, CA15-3: 398 U/mL olarak saptanmış. Evreleme amacıyla FDG PET/BT çalışması yapılmak üzere olgu kliniğimize gönderildi. Yapılan PET/BT çalışmasında; mons pubis sol lateral kesiminde cilt altı dokuda tümöral lezyon ile uyumlu fokal FDG tutan dansite artış alanı (SUVmax=3,3), mediastinal, abdominopelvik, bilateral inguinal hipermetabolik metastatik lenf nodları (SUVmax=5,5), her iki akciğerde birkaç tanesi hafif hipermetabolik multiple parankimal nodüller (SUVmax=2,7), iskelet sisteminde birden fazla alanda hipermetabolik litik metastatik lezyonlar (SUVmax=9,2) saptandı. Sonuç: EMPH'nin nadir yerleşim yerlerinden biri olan vulvar EMPH olgusunda FDG PET/BT ile lenf nodu ve uzak organ metastazları saptanarak olgunun doğru bir şekilde evrelemesi yapılmış ve tedavi planı değişmiştir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vestibular papillomatosis (VP) is a benign, asymptomatic anatomical condition present in approximately 1% of women. It is characterized by linear, pink, smooth or filiform papules symmetrically distributed on the vulva. The clinical resemblance of VP to genital warts may lead to unnecessary laboratory tests and treatments. This report presents four cases of VP in order to call attention to this entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidermal cysts can be seen anywhere on the body especially in the face, trunk, neck, extremities and scalp. The vulva is affected very rarely. Most of vulvar epidermal cysts identified in the literature so far are located in the clitoris, we presented a case admitted to our clinic with two mounds on the labium majus and diagnosed as epidermal cyst. Because of cysts were located in this region can reach large sizes, we think that it is important for early diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]