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Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the willingness of parents to allow their children to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and the factors affecting the decision. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive survey study. A survey consisting of questions about the COVID-19 vaccination was conducted with parents. Results: The study included 592 parents, 180 (30.4%) male, and the mean age was 34.14±7.42 years. There were 257 (43.4%) parents would vaccinate their children. A high level of education of parents (p=0.022), a high monthly income of the family (p=0.006), and male gender (p=0.002) were associated with high willingness to vaccinate their children. Two hundred twenty two parents stated that their decision may change depending on whether the vaccine is of domestic or foreign origin, and 215 (96.85%) of them stated that they would prefer domestic vaccines. The most frequent reasons for vaccine hesitancy or refusal to their children were: fear of possible side effects and it being a foreign vaccine. Conclusion: The hesitancy or refusal of parents to vaccinate their children with the COVID-19 vaccine is high. Public health authorities should inform the public about the importance of vaccination and domestic vaccine production should be encouraged.

Introduction:Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is an important emergency problem that can occur at any age in childhood and requires urgent treatment for the underlying cause. Etiological causes of gastrointestinal bleeding vary by age and geographic region. In this study; we aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics, etiological causes, endoscopic intervention results, and the relationship between analgesic/antipyretic drug use and bleeding in patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Methods:The records of patients aged 1 month to 18 years who presented to our pediatric emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding between January 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic features, complaints at admission, etiological reasons, endoscopy findings, diagnoses, and antipyretic/analgesic drug use were recorded.Results:There were 108 patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and 53.7% of the patients were male. The mean age was 76.7±58.3 months. Hematemesis was present in 100 patients. Symptoms of the patients; vomiting was present in 82.4%, upper respiratory tract infection in 36.1%, fever in 29.6%, and abdominal pain in 25.9%. There were 52 patients with a history of antipyretic and/or analgesic drug use. An endoscopic examination was performed in 74 patients. In patients who underwent endoscopic examination; pathological changes were detected in 26 of 32 patients who used drugs and 30 of 42 patients who did not use drugs.Conclusion:In patients presenting to the pediatric emergency department with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the bleeding is usually acute and self-limiting, but requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Approximately half of the patients in our study had a history of antipyretic/analgesic drug use in etiology. When the endoscopic findings of drug users and non-users were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of pathological findings.

Introduction:Vomiting is an important symptom that limits oral intake and may result in hospitalizations and prolonged hospital stays for intravenous fluid therapy. In our study, we aimed to compare the rates of hospital revisit and hospitalization due to vomiting within seven days of admission in children with acute gastroenteritis in two groups who received and did not receive intramuscular ondansetron.Methods:Files of patients aged 6 months-15 years (without dehydration) diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis (ICD A09) in our pediatric emergency clinic between December 2015-February 2016 (non-ondansetron period) and December 2019-February 2020 (intramuscular ondansetron period) were analyzed retrospectively. The patients included in the study were evaluated in two groups, the first group receiving a single dose of intramuscular ondansetron and the second group not receiving ondansetron treatment. Our primary aim was to determine the rates of readmission and hospitalization in the first 7 days of both groupsResults:It was determined that 21% of the patients who received ondansetron and 28% of the group who did not receive ondansetron were admitted to the emergency department due to vomiting in the first 7 days. In comparison of both groups, 5% of group I patients and 13% of group II patients needed intravenous fluids (odds ratio =0.3; 95% confidence interval =0.19-0.59) at repeated admission and required hospitalization in the emergency department.Conclusion:Intramuscular ondansetron treatment reduces the rate of hospital readmission, hospitalization and intravenous fluid requirement during re-admission in children with acute gastroenteritis with vomiting.

Introduction:The management of the patient who applied to the emergency department with corrosive substance exposure varies according to the characteristics of the substance and the clinical conditions of the patient. In this study; demographic and clinical characteristics, patient management strategies and prognosis of the children presenting with corrosive substance ingestion are presented.Methods:Cases who applied with corrosive substance intake and were under the age of 18 were included in the study. Demographic data of the patients, characteristics of the substance, presence of intraoral lesions or any symptoms or signs, treatment and prognosis, radiographs and hospital stay were examined. Drool scores were calculated.Results:One hundred-ten patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 41±13 months and 56 (50.9%) were male. 53% of the patients were asymptomatic at presentation. The most common symptom was nausea-vomiting, the most common finding was hyperemia in the oropharynx. The mean Drool score of the patients was 8.9±1.7. Seventy-seven patients (70%) took alkaline, 33 patients (30%) took acidic substances; 45 patients sodium hydroxide, 27 patients sodium hypochlorite, 26 patients took hydrochloric acid. Findings were mostly observed in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide intake. Endoscopy was performed in 3 of the patients. The mean Drool score of the patients who underwent endoscopy was 6.7. No complications were observed in any of the patients in the follow-up.Conclusion:Ingestion of corrosive substances is one of the important and preventable causes of emergency department admissions with chemical poisoning. There is usually accidental and small amount of intake in early childhood. Patients may be asymptomatic or rarely present with severe symptoms. It is important to know the chemical content of the ingested substance in order to predict the risk of damage to the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system and to provide appropriate management in emergency services.