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Urotensin 2 (UT2) as a vasoactive cyclic peptide composed of 11 amino acids, draws the attention with its potent vasoconstrictor effects. UT2 like other vasoactive peptides has a significant role of vascular tonus regulation, and its physiological mechanism is similar to that of endothelin-1. It is known that some vasoactive peptides are released from tumour cells and have roles as autocrine/ paracrine factors. Moreover, UT2 and Urotensin2 Receptor (UTR) mediate mitogenic activity through PKC/cSrc/ERK and RhoA/Rho kinase pathways. Recent studies about UT2/UTR have shown that UT2/UTR have significant effects in the pathophysiology of many diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular and renal disease. From this point of view, it could be thought that UT2/UTR can play a role in cancer pathogenesis. In addition, the effects of UT2/UTR on adrenal tumours have recently drawn attention of scientists to this peptide much. As a result, the idea of UT2/UTR as a new marker in cancer pathogenesis led the scientists study on lung, liver, breast, prostate, and other cancer types. This review study has focused on mitogenic and angiogenic effects of UT2/UTR which could have a role in the tumour pathogenesis.