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Hz. Ali, who was born in Mecca 22 years before the Hegira, was the son of Abu Talib, the uncle of the Messenger Muhammed. Ali grew up under the guardianship of Hz. Muhammed for 18 years and grew up under his discipline. The last of the four great caliphs, Hz. Ali is also one of the ten people heralded with Jannah when he was alive. Hz. Ali gained great fame in courage and heroism by participating in all wars during the birth and spread of Islam. Ali married Muhammed’s daughter and his lineage survived to the present day in two branches. Hz. Ali is in the forefront of many sects in the Turkish Sufi tradition and he is considered the piri of that sect. By taking Ali as the model of the human being, he is based on an ontological basis. In Akhi tradition, Hz. Ali also has an important place. The main written sources of Akhi are futuwwatnamas and genealogies. These sources describe Hz. Ali as the master of Ahi Evran, the son of his uncle, and his father-in-law. These sources also point to Hz. Ali as the person who has a very important place in the Akhism and who is been tied up by Hz. Muhammed himself for wearing the shah of Sufis and the futuristic piety. The aim of this study is to investigate the position and the importance of Hz. Ali in Akhi (a Turkish institution) tradition. First, information about his historical personality was briefly explained. After, the perception of Hz. Ali in some sects was emphasized. Seven futuwwat descriptions and six genealogies published from the main sources of Akhism were examined. It was concluded that Hz. Ali had an important position in Akhi tradition. © 2019 Gazi Universitesi, Turk Kulturu ve Haci Bektas Veli. All rights reserved.

The Book of Dedem Korkut which is one of the most important cultural heritages for Turkish and world literatures arrives today with two copies, one of which is shorter. The Dresden copy has an introduction and twelve stories. The shorter Vatican copy has an introduction and six stories. The introduction is on the pages between 3a (1) - 6b (12) in the Dresden copy and 58b (2) - 60a (13) in the Vatican copy. In the beginning of the introduction, there is a prayer and Korkut Ata / Dede Korkut is introduced. Then, his aphorisms in the presence of the Oğuz lords take place. These aphorisms divide into 4 groups, the sentences in the first group end with the addition ‘-mez’, the second group’s addition is ‘yig’, third group’s addition is ‘bilür’ and the fourth group’s addition is ‘görklü’ and there is always a prayer at the end of every group. The intro ends up with the assessments about the female types. Especially Muallim Rifat from Kilis city (Kilisli Muallim Rifat) and the other researchers think that, the intro has been added into the book later. But, noone knows who has added the intro in the book. In the researches about the book, there is no assessment on a direct connection between intro and the themes in the stories, except the little ascriptions. In this study, the elements in the introduction are shown as the reflections of the stories; the organic connection between intro and the stories is powerful, however the female types in the intro are different from the female types in the stories. © 2015, Milli Folklor Dergisi. All rights reserved.

According to Turkish beliefs and thoughts kings and great heroes are considered as representatives of God on earth. They have been created in the sight of God and have been sent to earth through sacred objects. In this work "sine concubitu" fatherless birth of heroes were taken in the context of pregnancy as the "miracle" concept which is familiar with Turkish culture. In some epics and folk tales, heroes come to the world in miraculous way. Some heroes come to world from very advanced age parents who cannot have a child by biological way, and in this kind of birth, eating an object or some magical offerings, making a vow are effective. In order to be pregnant by cine concubitu, procreator must be single, in other words the man must not exist as a fertilizing agent. In this circumstance, basic fertilizing object to be pregnant must enter the womb and fertilize it. To be pregnant as sine concubitu can only happen by a holy contact. In this work, sine concubitu in Turkish epics, tales, legends, sagas, holy birth poets etc. will be examined according to divine symbolism by divinity context.