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The 18th century was a period in which the practice of gedik increased visibly in Ottoman tradesmen. In this period, the introduction of the inhisar method in Ottoman tradesmen gave a new meaning to the concept of gedik. In this context, in the secondary literature, the concept of gedik has been mostly defined on the basis of the new meaning it has gained as of the 18th century. Therefore, it is possible to draw an indirect conclusion from the definitions of the gedik in the literature, prevents the increase in employment in tradesmen. At this point, the question arises whether the gediks prevent the increase in employment in the tradesmen. Although there are studies in the literature on various branches of tradesmen and the number of shops in these sectors over the years, there is no study that deals with the subject in the context of gedik and its effect on employment. Since the effect of gedik on the employment rate is not the same in every period and in every sector, it was deemed appropriate to select a certain period and sector within the scope of the study. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine to what extent and in which direction the gedik system affects the employment rate and quality of bakery tradesmen. The 18th century, which was the period when the inhisar method was adopted by the state, was preferred as the period. The reason why bakery tradesmen are preferred as a sector is that bakery is one of the sectors that met the gedik system in the earliest and most intense way. Thus, it is aimed to evaluate the policy pursued by the state regarding the production of compulsory foodstuffs and the connection of this policy with the gediks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A basic problem of our country and of developing countries is handling the regional inequalities. Therefore, the efficiency of regional development policies and measurement of this efficiency are of great importance. In this study, the relationship between sectoral state investment and total employment for the period between 2008-2013 was studied for TR90 Region scale. In the model where employment rate was dependant variable and state investment expenditures in agriculture, industry and services sectors were independent varible, panel data method was used. According to the empirical findings of the study, an increase in the state investment expenditures in agriculture sector in TR90 Region has a negative influence on employment rate. It was concluded that increases in industry and services sectors in state investment expenditures have a positive effect on employment rate. In order to increase the employment generation capacity of sectoral distribution, local planners and organisations should be implemented for the managerial decisions made by central authorities; collaboration and coordination should be reinforced; employment friendly growth policies should be applied with the support of the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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