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Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Archives of Lung is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Vaccines are an important preventive health service due to the high risk of infection in children with chronic kidney failure (CKF). This study aimed to examine the vaccination rate in children with CKF and affecting factors. Methods: Parents of 81 patients who were followed up with a diagnosis of CKF between the ages of 0-18 were included. The questionnaire form, consisting of 29 questions was applied to the parents using a face-to-face interview technique. The parents' demographic characteristics, the vaccination status of the patients with the vaccines in the national vaccination schedule, and vaccination status with meningococcal, influenza, and human papilloma virus that are not in the national vaccination schedule were recorded. Results: It was observed that 85.2% of the patients (n=69) had complete vaccinations in the national vaccination schedule, and 75.3% (n=61) of the parents received vaccination training. The immunization rate with vaccines in the national vaccination schedule of the children of parents who received vaccination training was statistically significantly higher than the children of parents who did not receive training (p<0.001). It was seen to be the least known human papilloma vaccine. Conclusion: It was found that the vaccination rate of patients with CKF was low. Vaccination training for parents should be increased, and their vaccination status should be followed more carefully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The prevalence of infection by different genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies among different geographic areas. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of HPV66 genotype among women with normal or abnormal Pap smear tests. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care university hospital between January 2017 and February 2018, in central Anatolia of Turkey. This study included 288 women, 66 (%22.9) of whom had HPV DNA positive. HPV DNA screening was done by an automatized system using real time PCR method (Cobas 4800 System, Roche Diagnostics Ltd, Switzerland) and this method distinguishes types 16 and 18, while the other 12 oncogene types are reported as high-risk HPV (HR-HPV: 31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59,66,68). For the genotyping of other oncogene types, a commercial real time PCR method (NLM Genotypes 14 Real-TM Quant, NLM Diagnostic, Italy) was used. Results: The most common identified HPV types were HPV16 (%6.3), HPV 56 (%3.8), HPV 18(%3.1), HPV 66 (%3.1), HPV 51 (%2.8), HPV 52(%2.1). HPV type 66 which has admitted recently other-subtypes with their unclear oncogenicity is the third most identified type in our study. In our study 9 (%3.1) women had type 66 and 2 (%0.7) of whom had abnormal Pap smear results. One patient with syphilis whose pap smear test results was ASC-H/HSIL was evaluated by colposcopic examination and LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) and ECC (Endocervical Curettage) were performed. The result of histopatological report was benign. The other patient whose Pap smear test result was LSIL evaluated by colposcopic examination and found no pathological finding. Conclusion: The frequency of HPV 66 infection was found to be higher in our study compared to previous reports. In 2 patients out of 9 cases (% 2.4) who were detected HPV 66 had normal pap test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papillomaviridae is the largest family of viruses known to be responsible for 27-30% of cancer cases due to infectious agents that can infect all vertebrates, including humans. In recent years, papillomaviruses, which cause a wide variety of lesions in domestic and wild animals, are now increasingly identified and papillomas in dogs, cats and cattle represent an important problem in veterinary medicine. In recent years, papillomaviruses have been detected in increasing numbers in humans and in non-mammals such as birds, turtles, fish, and other wild animals, particularly other mammals such as cattle, cats, dogs and horses. In particular, cattle, dogs, horses, rodents and human papillomaviruses are used as a model on molecular biology and cell biology for the diagnosis, treatment and vaccine evaluation of diseases. With these studies, important developments have been made in terms of understanding the evolution, biology and inter-species interactions of papillomavirus. In addition, papillomaviruses, which cause a wide variety of lesions, can have great effects on animal health, and especially papillomavirus-related diseases in farm animals cause significant economic losses. This study aims to bring together the latest developments in animal papillomaviruses with their general scope and make an update on this rapidly developing field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer type among women all over the world. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the major etiologic agent associated with cervical cancer. More than 200 species of HPV have been identified so far and 40 of them are known to infect the genital system. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of HPV DNA and HPV genotypes in the cervical samples sent to our laboratory for HPV DNA investigation and to investigate the cytopathological changes in HPV positive patients. Methods: A sample of 1068 cervical swabs taken from patients between the ages of 20 and 66 applied to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic between 01 January 2015 and 30 January 2018 were included in the study. HPVsign® Q24 complate kit (Qiagen, Germany) was used for HPV typing with QIAamp® DNA Mini Kit PCR (Diatech Pharmocogenetics, Italy) and pyrosequencing for DNA isolation. Results: HPV DNA was detected as positive in 226 (21.1%) samples of 1068 samples. In 141(62.3%) of the HPV DNA positive specimens, high-risk types were detected alone. Among HPV DNA positive samples, HPV type 16 was found in 73(32.3%) patients alone, multipletypes were found in 37 (16.3%) patients and other types were found in 116 patients. HPV DNA positivity was highest in the 20-30 age group (26.3%). Cytology positivity was found in 20 (8.8%) of the patients with HPV DNA positivity. Of these patients, 13 had LSIL (65%), 4 (20%) had HGSIL, 1 (5%) had ASCUS, 2 (10%) had HGSIL / seviks CA. Conclusion: This is the first comprehensive study conducted in our region. The rate of HPV DNA positivity detected in cervical swab specimens and the frequency of HPV type 16 were found to be somewhat higher than the rates found in other studies in our country. More extensive work is needed to determine the type of HPV DNA and HPV type prevalence and the types of HPV that should be used in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate some noncommunicable diseases and to determine the frequency of the risk in adult adults living in rural areas. Materials and Methods: The study consists of 612 voluntary participants (population 2570) over 40 years of age registered eight rural districts in Antalya. Cardiovascular disease risk level HeartSCORE, obesity body mass index, diabetes FINDRISK and capillary blood sample, depression frequency CES-Depression scale and cancer screenings were evaluated by national cancer screening methods. Results: It was found that individuals had the "very high" risk for cardiovascular disease 50.1%, "high risk and very high risk" for diabetes 30.7%, and 5 5.2% o bese. It was determined that 24.9% of the individuals felt depressed and 17.0% did not enjoy life. In cancer screenings; of the women, 50.8% had Human Papilloma Virus DNA test in five years, 23.1% of the women had a mammography within two years. During the study, 77 women were taken Human Papilloma Virus DNA test and four women were found to be suspect. In addition, 27.6% of participants were examined for immunochemical fecal occult blood test. It was determined that the results of the four individuals were suspect. Conclusion: Participants are willing to participate in screening when health care system are available. Mobile health screenings in a rural district are influential for finding suspect non-communicable diseases cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wart is a dermatosis originated by Human Papilloma Virus. People can be infected by direct or indirect contact. Almost all age groups, especially children and young adults suffer from warts. Recently, new treatment methods including cryotherapy and immunotherapy have been developed as alternatives to conventional methods. Although the treatment decision process is very important, there is no validated decision strategy yet except for only a few studies. In this study, an expert system is proposed to predict whether the selected wart treatment method will be successful or not. The publicly available datasets are applied to the Multi-Layer Perceptron and the Extreme Learning Machine classification algorithms. We compute the classifier performances by the 10-fold cross-validation method. As a result, the multi-layer perceptron approach results in 78.95% of sensitivity, 98.60% of specificity, and 94.45% of accuracy to predict the success of a wart treatment method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Human Papilloma Virus is the main cause of cervical cancer as well as cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. It is important to understand the factors that may increase the likelihood of vaccination and other protective behaviors. The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of Human Papilloma Virus vaccine and cervical cancer in female patients who applied to our family medicine outpatient clinic in Eskişehir. Material and Method: Our study was carried out with 295 female health care workers and patient participants who applied to our polyclinic. Participants were asked to complete the questionnaire form which was created by us. The awareness of the participants about cervical cancer and vaccination was determined with questions. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the educational status and cervical cancer screening. Pap smear test rates of those who had gynecological examination were found to be statistically significantly higher than those without gynecological examination. There was no statistically significant difference between the women who had previously known about the cervical cancer screening test and the ones who did not receive information about the Pap Smear test. Conclusion: The fact that health workers have sufficient knowledge level and behaviors with their behaviors in cancer screening will be very effective in the success of cancer screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In our study, it was aimed to compare histopathologic results and HPV subtypes of the patients who were performed colposcopy because of detected HPV DNA positivity in National HPV Screening Program between 2016-2017 years in Çorum province. Methods: All women aged 30-65 years who performed colposcopic biopsy cause of HPV DNA positivity were included in the study. HPV types were divided into three categories as types 16, 18 and others. Pathology results of colposcopic biopsy materials were categorized as Normal, Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN I) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (CIN II/III). Results: A total of 212 patients detected HPV DNA positivity, were performed cervical biopsy accompanied by colposcopy. When distributed according to HPV types; HPV types 16, 18 and others were found to be positive in 126, 13 and 73 individuals, respectively. As a result of colposcopy, HSIL were detected in 63 patients (29%), LSIL were detected in 56 patients (26%) and no dysplasia was detected in 93 patients (44%). LSIL were detected in 32 (28%) patients with HPV 16, in 3 (24%) patients with HPV 18 and in 20 (28%) patients with other types. HSIL were detected in 39 (31%) patients with HPV 16, in 6 (46%) patients with HPV 18 and in 11 (15%) patients with other subtypes. The percentages of dysplasia (HSIL + LSIL) were found 79 (62,6%) in HPV 16, 9 (69.2%) in HPV 18 and 31 (42%) in other subtypes. Patients were evaluated according to age range. A positive correlation between the detection rate of dysplasia and age was observed and it was observed that this ratio reached to 68% in the age range of 60-65 years. Conclusion: The probability of detecting dysplasia in colposcopic biopsies of patients with positive HPV 16 and 18 are higher than other subtypes. Therefore, these patients have to be absolutely evaluated with colposcopic biopsy. The incidence of HPV DNA decreases with age. However, colposcopy have to be performed immediately when HPV positivity is detected especially in the 5th and 6th decades because the percentage of dysplasia detection increases with age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Extragenital warts are very common viral, infectious lesions that are especially seen in children and young adults. The causative agent is in particular human papilloma virus (HPV) type 1, 2, 4, 27 and 57. Recurrence of the disease after treatment, local and systemic side effects due to treatment may affect people psychologically. Although extragenital warts are more common than genital warts, studies on quality of life generally focus on genital warts. There is no study on Turkish society with extragenital warts. Here, our aim is to investigate the effect of multiple extragenital warts on quality of life. Material and Methods: Ninety multiple extragenital warts and 47 multiple genital warts were included in the cross-sectional study. Demographic data of both groups were recorded by the physician. The Turkish version of the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was administered to both groups. Results: The mean age of the patient group was 26.63±11.63 years, and the mean age of the control group was 32.57±9.82 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The mean DLQI score was 4.00±4.32 in patients with multiple extragenital warts. Conclusion: As a result of the study, no significant difference was found between the group with extragenital warts and the groups with genital warts. Multiple extragenital warts are a disease that are seen in younger population, more common than genital warts, affects the quality of life negatively as well as genital warts and can cause psychosocial problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a DNA virus with more than 170 types. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection and 10% of the world's cancer burden is thought to be HPV infection-related. It is known that precancerous lesions caused by some subgroups of this virus transformed into invasive carcinoma, and its place in etiology of cervix, vulva, oropharynx, anus and penile cancer is also well-known. Cases have been published where condyloma are seen not only in anogenital region, but also in urethra, bladder and ureter. However, their role in bladder cancer pathogenesis is questionable. Recent studies showed that HPV and bladder cancer are associated. Condyloma was identified to be in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. In this review, the relationship between HPV-urothelial cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder is examined with references to the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is the third most common gynecological cancer type in the world and approximately 500.000 women diagnosed as cervical cancer, annually. Human papilloma virus (HPV)-DNA presence was showed in about 95% of the cervical cancer cases. There are two types of over-the-counter HPV vaccine approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) named as bivalent and quadrivalent vaccine. World Health Organization (WHO), recommends HPV vaccination in order to prevent cervical cancer cases. Due to higher rates of HPV infection during the beginning of sexually active periods of life, vaccination is recommended prior to HPV infection. Most of the developed countries select individuals between 12-17 years of age as the target population in the national vaccination program. According to 2010 data, 33 countries in the world implemented national HPV vaccination program, however most of the countries where cervical cancer incidence is high do not have a vaccination program and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistent viral infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes causes virtually all cancer of the cervix. The same HPV genotypes ("types") also cause cases of anal cancer. Cervical cancer is the third most frequent cancer in women worldwide after breast and colorectal cancers. It ranks fourth of women's cancers according to the mortality ratio. Two vaccines have been developed against HPV infection; one is a quadrivalent vaccine (Gardasil™) and the other is a bivalent vaccine (Cervarix™). This topic will cover issues related to HPV infections, routine HPV immunization recommendations, vaccination in special patient populations, the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination, and vaccine safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is associated with Human papillomavirus (HPV) and is the second most frequently occurring cancer among women and a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide in women. In this study, we used MY09/11 consensus real-time PCR to investigate the presence of HPV-DNA in the cervical smear samples. Secondly, we carried out genotyping analysis using real-time PCR with type-specific primers and probes were designed for the 12 high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 52, 58, 59, 68 and 82). We detected 131 HR-HPV isolates in 106 cervical smear samples that were determined as HPV-DNA positive by consensus PCR. The distribution of the most frequent high-risk HPV types as follows: HPV-16; 53 (40,5%), HPV-52; 17 (13%) and HPV-58; 14 (10,7%). In addition, according to retrospective data, diagnostic endometrial biopsy was performed in 44 patients (41.5%). The distribution of HPV genotypes in different pathological entities was also assessed. Current HPV vaccines are designed to protect against HPV-16 and HPV-18. More than half (51,9%) of the types identified in this study are except for HPV-16 and HPV-18. HPV-16 and HPV-18 detection rate may be less than this rate, when consider that the screening panel does not contain all HR-HPV types. For these reasons, we think that large-scale studies are needed to determination of the current type distribution in our country to the prediction of protective efficacy of HPV vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, the aim was to determine HPV prevalence, types of HPV and the relationship between HPV positivity and the risk factors for developing cervical cancer and cervical smear in women at risk for cervical cancer. Material and Method: Four hundred and four healthy women who applied for the screening of cervical cancer and who were at risk were enrolled in the study. All subjects were retrospectively investigated in terms of the risk factors for cervical cancer. The presence of HPV was determined and the most frequently encountered 16 types of HPV were identified, using Reverse Hybridization Method. Cervical smear samples were obtained via conventional method and assessed with 2001 Bethesda system. Results: The median age of the subjects was 37 (27-62) and HPV frequency 32.5 %(n=131). The most frequent types of HPV were HPV 18 in 60 cases (45.8 %) and HPV 16 in 22 cases (16.8 %). According to HPV types, high risk rate for cervical cancer was found to be 78.7 %(n=103). Of the variables of the risk factors, the presence of genital condyloma was observed as the most important risk factor. Conclusion: It was found that the women at risk for cervical cancer showed high positivity rate, especially in oncogenic HPV types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral squamous cell papilloma is a cutaneus lesions occurring due to human papilloma virus infections. These lesions spread locally and tend to have a high recurrence rate. Cases usually have a slow progression rather than acute symptoms. The course of disease is mostly subclinical. Although there are various treatment modalities which are recommended for the treatment of the disease, there is no particular and effective treatment modality that was proven. Limited surgical excisions result in frequent recurrences due to the presence of HPV in latent form around the lesions. Therefore, surgical excisions are combined with the other treatments such as systemically used interferons. We aimed to present a case of squmous cell papilloma with locally extensive lesions in the oral mucosa. Our patient was managed by the surgical excision and systemically given interferon treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (Lewandowsky-Lutz syndrome) is an uncommon disease characterized by multiple plane warts, pityriasis versicolor-like lesions, defects of cell-mediated immunity, and tendency to develop skin malignancies, primarily on sun-exposed areas. Most commonly it is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer found in patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Human papilloma virus 5, 8, and 47 are found in more than 90% of epidermodysplasia verruciformis skin cancers. Treatment for epidermodysplasia verruciformis consists largely of preventive measures. Photoprotection remains essential for management. In this report, two sister case of epidermodisplasia verruciformis with plane warts, pityriasis versicolor-like lesions, and squamous cell carcinomas on sun-exposed areas of skin was presented for it is a rarely encountered disease and associated with early development of malignancy. (Turkderm 2010; 44: 92-5) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Koilos means "hollow" in Greek. Koilocyte is a cell with a big perinuclear halo, characteristic of the human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV causes various changes through its structural proteins in the cytoplasms and nuclei of the cells and tissues it infects. Among these cellular changes, koilos formation is influenced by the structural proteins of the virus and tumour suppressor genes. The koilocytes observed in cervico-vaginal smears are considerably important for observing the presence of HPV and early diagnosis of cervical cancer cases due to this virus. Therefore, this research attempts to explain the koilocyte formation mechanism by human papillomavirus proteins and tumour suppressor genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genital warts and Herpes Zoster are relatively frequent encountered diseases in dermatology practice. Cervical cancers are also caused by some spesific types of human papillomaviruses. The purpose of this review is to give some knowledge about the vaccines which were developed for these diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]