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Copyright of TESAM Academy Journal is the property of Tesam Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to discuss whether it is possible to solve the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, which is one of the longest historical problems of the Middle East, within the context of a two-state solution. It can be said that the de facto Israeli annexation of the West Bank, based on the existence of Jewish settlements, is the main obstacle to the two-state solution. In the last two decades, while the Israeli occupation in the West Bank has been deepening step by step, it has become impossible for the Palestinian Authority to establish a sovereign state in the region. Despite this fact, after the collapse of the Oslo peace process, all UScentered peace attempts emphasized the two-state solution. Therefore, there has been a great contradiction between the Israeli settlement policy and the two-state solution proposals which came to the agenda by the initiatives of the US presidents. Although it is emphasized that the Palestinian-Israeli question will be only solved with the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in all peace initiatives announced by George Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump under the name of Peace to Prosperity, the situation created by Israel in the West Bank indicates the impossibility of a two-state solution. This study will discuss why the two-state solution proposals in the heart of the US’ regional politics but how it became impossible due to the facts on the ground that Israel created in the West Bank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analysed the socio-economic constraints facing small ruminants’ production in West Bank Palestine. Therefore, it investigated the sites of Al-thaheryia and Facuoa and included. From primary data collected from different sources, 170 small ruminants’ rearers have been randomly selected. Additionally, two workshops have been implemented to gather both quantitative and qualitative data through discussion and brainstorming. Descriptive statistics; frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test and T-test are used to shape the socioeconomic constraints facing by small ruminants rearers. The findings revealed a need for extension system to enhance small ruminants’ productivity.

Copyright of Turkish Yearbook of International Relations is the property of Ankara Universitesi, Faculty of Political Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Middle East Yearbook / Ortadoğu Yıllığı is the property of Bilgi Kultur Dernegi (Knowledge & Culture Association) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a semi-arid and arid region the Middle East suffers from lack of water. However there is a water scarcity in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, namely West Bank and Gaza Strip, not only because of climatic conditions but also political reasons. Israeli occupation in the Palestinian territories causes a man-made water problem. Israel exploits the Palestinian water resources unilaterly for its own utilizations and leaves palestinians in a general scarcity of water that is not enough even for basic human needs. In this article a brief historical background of the water exploitation of Israel is presented and the current situation of water in the Occupied Palestinian Territories is examined. . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The settlement units, which were created in the invaded West Bank region of the State of Israel, are known as the Jewish settlements. It is possible to define the construction of these settlements, which do not have any ground in terms of international law, as teh gradual invasion of the Palestinian territories. The Israeli government has been trying to legitimize these settlement constructions, which turned into a means of a gradual invasion in front of the eyes of the world, by putting certain strategies into operation. Revealing these strategies si quite important in terms of both always reminding the fact that these settlements are an invasion, and providing the means of fighting against this lawlessness. The legitimizing strategies, which are developed through discourses to a large extent, also wait to be strongly convicted through discourse again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]