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Commercial activities are at the forefront of human relationships with other people and with society. For this reason, trade has a long history, as long as the history of mankind. Human beings, as a socio-cultural beings, meet a significant part of their needs through commercial activities, and thus, make achieves an important step towards achieving peace. In other words, the individual who cannot meet his needs becomes unhappy and uncomfortable. This leads to a society consisting of unhappy and restless individuals who also do not create a peaceful and secure environment. Trade therefore, plays a significant role in ensuring peace and security in society. For this reason, all ruling systems have given importance to trade, and they have introduced certain sets of rules which ensure the efficiency and order of commercial activities. Aiming at the happiness of human beings both in this world and in the hereafter, Islam has also laid down certain rules in the relations between man and society and their commercial activities, as well as in the fields of faith, worship, and morality. It is a fact that the Qur'an and the Sunnah, which are the main references to Islam, have important regulations and provisions in the field of trade. These rules and regulations, which represent the basic rules of trade, have over time been transformed into a voluminous accumulation that we can call "Islamic commercial law," in the corpus of fiqh over time. When Islamic precepts and their accumulated interpretation are examined, it is seen that market economy is adopted in Islamic commercial law. One of the important conditions that the market economy naturally requires is undoubtedly the existence of free competition throughout all commercial activities. Although in the classical fiqh corpus, or in modern terms, the subject of commercial competition in Islamic law has not been dealt with separately, the existence of this competition in Islamic commercial law is understood by inductive methods. All of the steps, precautions, and prohibitions focusing on the stability of the market in commercial activities from the beginning lead to this conclusion. In this study, the issue of competition in Islamic commercial law is discussed in general, based on the nass (divine decree) and principles. Based on the analytical method, the study concludes that Islam's understanding of trade is dominated by the free market economy and therefore free competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to describe consumer complaints about overpricing during the COVID-19 period, to determine and evaluate what kind of preventive and regulatory measures have been taken in terms of Competition Law in the world and in Turkey. The secondary data obtained using the Document Scanning method has been simplified and the sentences and paragraphs used as the analysis unit have been gathered under the same subheadings. The qualitative data obtained are given in tables; In addition, complaints regarding overpricing in the last 20 months on sikayetvar.com are classified. The findings that emerged in the complaint analysis on the sikayetvar.com site are presented both numerically and categorically in tables. The most frequently complained goods and services are domestic equipment and repairs, food, personal communication tools and services. The findings in the literature show that overpricing is applied by businesses in many countries with the COVID-19 epidemic. On the other hand, it has been revealed that the competition authorities of the countries impose sanctions on such companies that provide unfair profits. In this study, it has been pointed out that it is important to take the measures to eliminate the source of the problems with the common agreement of all parties, to include these measures in the market law and retail law to be enacted, and to constantly control the implementation of these measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hacettepe Law Review is the property of Hacettepe Law Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hacettepe Law Review is the property of Hacettepe Law Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the past few years regarding the developments in corporate law, with an increasing significance it is emphasized in foreign legal systems, that providing Compliance is necessary for joint stock companies, for which one of the primary areas is competition law. Since Compliance with competition promotes competition protection, it has importance for public as well as company benefits. In this study, three fundamental functions of Compliance, which are prevention, detection and response, will be concretized in accordance with provisions regarding competition law and decisions of the competition authority. Moreover, the importance of the Compliance Program for commitment, settlement and remedies-which are introduced by Law numbered 7246 on Amendments to the Law on Protection of Competition-will be examined in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the digital economy, many different new business models have arisen. One of the new business models is complaint sites in Turkey. Everyone can anonymously post comments about companies or their products on the complaint sites and also under the names or brands of these people. It is generally accepted that those who write these complaints are consumers, everyone can sign up easily and free of charge, and the complaints written under the brand on these sites are available for everyone to read. However, the respondents only have the opportunity to respond to comments of these sites in exchange for a paid membership. Therefore, complaint sites have become controversial in terms of unfair competition and trademark law. Recently, numerous court decisions have been made that contradict with each other. In this study, it is examined whether complaint sites itself infringes good faith under the Art. 54 of TCC and whether the use of trademarks belonging to others on these sites is also an infringement of the trademark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of institutions on the relationship between national culture and entrepreneurship as an indicator of economic development. The research hypothesis is; the increase of entrepreneurship in cultures with low power distance and individualism is more likely through the institutional quality in the country. The conceptual underpinning of this premise is the expectation that entrepreneurial attitudes, abilities, and aspirations will be stronger in more egalitarian and individualistic societies where business is regulated by formal mechanisms such as property rights, contract law, and competition law, rather than by personal relationships. After analyzing 85 country-level data compiled from secondary sources, it was revealed that the level of entrepreneurship increases as the institutional quality improves in cultures with low power distance and high individualism. This finding is important because it emphasizes that a new perspective is required to develop policies for promoting entrepreneurship in collectivist cultures with high power distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sociology / Sosyoloji Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Universitesi Edebiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Court of Accounts / Sayistay Dergisi is the property of Turkish Court of Accounts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Competition Journal / Rekabet Dergisi is the property of Turkish Competition Authority and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)