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Copyright of Türk Radyoloji Seminerleri is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türk Radyoloji Seminerleri is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS) / Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Oguz KARABAY and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Brucellosis, which is a zoonotic disease, can mimic many other diseases due to its various clinical symptoms and its ability to involve any organ or system in the body. Spondylodiscitis associated with brucellosis can be confused with plasmacytoma radiologically, clinically, and pathologically. In this paper, two cases of spondylodiscitis associated with brucellosis mimicking plasmacytoma are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fungal infections in the bones and joints are rare. Candida spp. osteomyelitis is also a very rare entity. The most common pathogen is Candida albicans, but an increase in the incidence of non-albicans Candida osteomyelitis has been reported in recent years. Herein, we present three patients with non-albicans Candida osteomyelitis. Osteoarticular involvement occurred in the lumbar vertebrae in one patient, in the hand in one patient, and the foot in the other patient. Diabetes mellitus and long-term antibiotic use were common risk factors in all three cases. In the patient with vertebral osteomyelitis, surgical intervention and foreign body were other risk factors. Magnetic resonance imaging was used in the diagnosis and the pathogens were isolated from deep tissue cultures. Surgical debridement was performed in all cases and antifungal treatment was given for 6-24 weeks. There was no reinfection or relapse during clinical and radiological follow-up. The patient with osteomyelitis of the foot died due to to acute cerebrovascular disease. In our study, the literature review for publications related to osteoarticular Candida infection was made between April 2010 and June 2019 and 44 cases are reviewed. Our aim in this study was to draw attention to Candida osteoarticular infections and to emphasize the importance of targeted treatment by defining the pathogen.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can involve any organ, especially the lungs. In recent years, especially in developed countries, the incidence of TB has increased due to the growing number of people with acquired immunodeficiency. This has led to an increase in the incidence of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). This study examined patients with EPTB confirmed by positive M. tuberculosis culture in İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Molecular Microbiology Laboratory. Materials and Methods: Patients with positive M. tuberculosis culture in the molecular microbiology laboratory of our hospital between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2014 were retrospectively evaluated according to culture-confirmed site of involvement, acid-fast bacillus (AFB), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity, drug resistance, and mortality. Results: The study included 132 patients; 41 (31.1%) were male and 91 (68.9%) were female. The mean age was 46.4±18.5 (17-86) years. Extrapulmonary TB types were TB lymphadenitis in 48 patients (36.4%), musculoskeletal TB in 23 (17.4%), disseminated TB in 17 (12.9%), urinary TB in 11 (8.3%), abdominal TB in 11 (8.3%), TB meningitis in eight (6.1%), pleural TB in six (4.5%), genital TB in five (3.8%), and cutaneous TB in three patients (2.3%). Acid-fast bacillus positivity rates were 21.7% in musculoskeletal samples, 16.6% in pleural samples, 12.5% in cerebrospinal fluid, 9% in urinary tract samples, and 6.2% in lymph nodes. Polymerase chain reaction positivity was not detected in cerebrospinal fluid or skin samples. The rate of resistance to at least one anti-tuberculous drug was 20%. Mortality was 16.1% (n=9) in the 56 patients (42.4%) with available data. Conclusion: Lymphatic TB was the most common form in our patients. According to national data, pleural TB is among the common forms of EPTB in Turkey. However, the rate of pleural TB was low in our study due to the lack of pleural biopsy in our hospital during the study period. In TB-endemic regions such as Turkey, it is important to consider EPTB in the differential diagnosis of patients with relevant clinical findings and to confirm the diagnosis with TB culture primarily, as well as methods such as AFB staining and PCR.

Streptococcus parasanguinis is a natural member of oral flora. It is an opportunistic pathogen, and rarely cause systemic infections due to it's low virulence. Subacute infective endocarditis may present with various clinical manifestations (eg., spondylodiscitis). A sixty-five years old male patient from Northern Iraq has referred to our emergency service with high fever, weight loss, back pain and inability to walk. The patient was a veterinarian. He was operated three years ago for colonic carcinoma and irradiated. In magnetic resonance imaging, spondylodiscitis was detected localized in lumbar 1-2 region. Transthorasic echocardiography demonstrated aortic valve vegetation. S. parasanguinis was identified in the blood cultures. In conclusion; all in all, it's remarkable to isolate S. parasanguinis as a causal agent of infective endocarditis in a patient who is a veterinarian with history of colonic carcinoma presented with clinical manifestation of spondylodiscitis. [Cukurova Med J 2016; 41(3.000): 591-594]

Spondylodiscitis is an infection of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral bodies. Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice for the spondylodiscitis. The characteristic findings in the spondylodiscitis are hypointense on T1-weighted (W) image and hyperintense on T2W and fat-saturation T2W images, contrast enhancement on contrast- enhanced T1W with fat saturation images in the disc space and adjacent vertebral bodies, and phlegmon or abscess of the paraspinal soft tissues and epidural space. Phlegmon shows homogenous contrast enhancement, while abscess shows peripheral ring-enhancement on contrast- enhanced T1W with fat saturation images. Differentiation of tuberculous, brucellar and pyogenic spondylodiscitis is radiological difficult. Features that also favor tuberculosis infection include multilevel disease, large paravertebral abscess, meningeal involvement and subligamentous spread. Brucellar spondylodiscitis most commonly affects the lumbar spine. Bone destruction is less severe than in tuberculous spondylodiscitis. Osteophyte formation at the anterior vertebral endplate is typical. [Cukurova Med J 2016; 41(1.000): 136-142]

Brucellosis is an endemic zoonosis in our country and a common worldwide problem. Brucellosis can hold on different systems. Clinical signs and symptoms are not specific in this disease. Osteoarticular involvement pattern is the most common complication but spondylodiscitis is rare. Wright tube agglutination is the most common serologic test in the diagnosis of brucellosis. Prozone phenomenon is a false negative response resulting from high antibody titer which interferes with formation of antigen- antibody lattice, necessary to visualize a positive flocculation test. In this article, we present a case of late diagnosis of brucellar spondylodiscitis due to prozone phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postoperatif disk mesafesi enfeksiyonu nisbeten nadir bir durumdur. Tüm vertebral cerrahi girişimler ile ilişkili postoperatif disk enfeksiyonu insidansı % 0.21-% 3.6 arasındadır. Cerrahi genellikle immünsüpresyon ile sonuçlanan çeşitli nöroendokrin ve metabolic yanıtlara neden olmaktadır. Bu makalede, laboratuar bulguları pozitif olmadan, manyetik rezonans görüntüleme bulguları görünür hale gelen spondilodiskit ve spinal epidural abseli olgu sunulmuştur. Olgunun bir ay once lumbal herniye disk nedeniyle operasyon öyküsü vardı. Sırt ve sol bacak ağrısından şikayet ediyordu. Kontrastlı MR L5 ve S1 düzeyinde operasyona sekonder değişiklikleri gösterdi. Cerrahi lojunda posterior paravertebral kaslarda contrast tutulumu vardı.MR görüntüleme bulguları, laboratuvar testleri pozitif olömadan once postoperative spondilodiskitis ve epidural abseyi eken dönem postoperative değişikliklerden ayırmamızı sağlayabilir. Olgumuzda, cerrahiye bağlı immunsupresyon nedeniyle infeksiyon ve inflamasyonun laboratuar bulguları başlangıçta normal limitlerde olabilir

Post operative disc space infection is relatively uncommon. The incidence of postoperative disc space infection is 0.21%-3.6% in association with all vertebral surgical procedures. Surgery causes a variety of neuroendocrine and metabolic responses which generally results in immunosupression. Clinical results of immunosupression include delayed wound healing and septic complications. In this article, we report magnetic resonance imaging findings of a case with spondylodiscitis and spinal epidural abscess in which the imaging findings were apparent before the infection and inflammation related laboratory findings laboratory findings become positive. She has a history of surgery due to lumbar herniated disc a month. She was complaining of back and left leg pain. We performed contrast-enhanced MR imaging. MR imaging showed post operative changes at level L5 and S1. There was contrast enhancement at the level of the surgical gap in the posterior paravertebral muscles. MR imaging may help to differentiate postoperative spondylodiscitis and epidural abscess from early postoperative changes even before the laboratory tests appearing positive. In our case, surgery induced immunosupression may cause the infection and inflammation related laboratory findings being within normal limits at the beginning. [Cukurova Med J 2015; 40(Suppl 1): 97-101]

Objective: Incidence of spondylodiscitis after lumbar discectomy has been reported to be as low as 0.1-18.8% by many different authors. Most common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: We collected retrospectively the medical records of 1154 patients who were single-level or two-level disc herniations operated for lumbar microdiscectomy between 2007 and 2015 in our hospital. Of these patients, 554 were female and 600 were male. 1062 of these patients underwent single-level, 91-level two-level lumbar microdiscectomy. These patients received a single dose of prophylactic cephazoline during anesthesia in order to prophylaxis guidelines. Spondylodiscitis developed in 12 patients (1.03%). Comorbidities in spondylodiscitis-treated patients, isolated pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility, antibiotics used, and hospital stay were noted. Results: Of the 12 patients, 7 were female and 5 were male. Mean age was 45.75 ± 14.16 years. Eleven of these patients underwent single-level, 1 two-level lumbar microdiscectomy operations. Five patients received L4-5, and 8 patients underwent discectomy from L5-S1 patients. Staphylococcus aureus was present in 3 patients (%25), Staphylococcus epidermidis in 4 patients (33%), Escherichia coli in 3 patients (25%) and 2 patients were not. Mean duration of hospital stay was 29.45 ± 3.98 days, and in patients without spondylodiscitis 1.99±0.81 days, there were significant difference between these groups (p = 0.0001)Conclusion: Although most surgeons have a tendency to maintain antibiotic prophylaxis postoperatively or during hospitalization period, our study found that a single dose prophylactic antibiotic administered during anesthesia induction did not increase rate of spondylodiscitis compared to medical literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Streptococcus parasanguinis is a natural member of oral flora. It is an opportunistic pathogen, and rarely cause systemic infections due to it's low virulence. Subacute infective endocarditis may present with various clinical manifestations (eg., spondylodiscitis). A sixty-five years old male patient from Northern Iraq has referred to our emergency service with high fever, weight loss, back pain and inability to walk. The patient was a veterinarian. He was operated three years ago for colonic carcinoma and irradiated. In magnetic resonance imaging, spondylodiscitis was detected localized in lumbar 1-2 region. Transthorasic echocardiography demonstrated aortic valve vegetation. S. parasanguinis was identified in the blood cultures. In conclusion; all in all, it's remarkable to isolate S. parasanguinis as a causal agent of infective endocarditis in a patient who is a veterinarian with history of colonic carcinoma presented with clinical manifestation of spondylodiscitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spondylodiscitis is an infection of the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral bodies. Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice for the spondylodiscitis. The characteristic findings in the spondylodiscitis are hypointense on T1-weighted (W) image and hyperintense on T2W and fat-saturation T2W images, contrast enhancement on contrast- enhanced T1W with fat saturation images in the disc space and adjacent vertebral bodies, and phlegmon or abscess of the paraspinal soft tissues and epidural space. Phlegmon shows homogenous contrast enhancement, while abscess shows peripheral ring-enhancement on contrast- enhanced T1W with fat saturation images. Differentiation of tuberculous, brucellar and pyogenic spondylodiscitis is radiological difficult. Features that also favor tuberculosis infection include multilevel disease, large paravertebral abscess, meningeal involvement and subligamentous spread. Brucellar spondylodiscitis most commonly affects the lumbar spine. Bone destruction is less severe than in tuberculous spondylodiscitis. Osteophyte formation at the anterior vertebral endplate is typical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of 55 cases diagnosed as spondylodiscitis due to brucellosis. Materials and Methods: This study was performed between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2011. It included patients over 18 years of age who were diagnosed as spondylodiscitis by neurosurgery and physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists in the presence of clinical findings (a titer ≥1/160 in standard tube agglutination (STA) and/or growth of Brucella spp. in appropriately obtained cultures) in addition to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Patient charts, which included age, sex, laboratory culture results, treatment protocols, and radiographic findings, were evaluated retrospectively. Data were recorded to the SPSS 16.0 package program, and descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests were used. A p value

Ocular TB includes any infection in or around the eye caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or its related species. It may be either an active infection or an immunologic reaction, related to delayed hypersensitivity or an aseptic reaction. A 23-year-old female who had underwent surgery for thoracic spinal tuberculosis (TB), and was receiving treatment for concurrent TB meningitis was referred to our clinic with ocular pain and decreased visual acuity. Bilateral choroiditis with multiple tubercles was found in both eyes. Visual acuity and the ocular findings showed marked improvement with anti-tuberculous treatment. This is the only case with simultaneous occurence of spondylodiscitis, meningitis, and ocular tuberculosis. By means of the presented case, we discussed the findings and the management of this complicated situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brucellosis is a systemic infection in which any organ or system of the body can be involved. The most common osteoarticular involvements are sacroiliitis, spondylitis and peripheral arthritis. However, bursitis is a rarely observed osteoarticular manifestation of brucellosis. In this article, a case of brucellosis with spondylodiscitis, bursitis and epididymo-orchitis is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salmonella infections are a public health problem in Turkey, as all over the world. Salmonella spp. can cause very different infections such as gastroenteritis, typhoid-paratyphoid fever, bacteremia, local metastatic infections and chronic carriage. Salmonella spondylodiscitis occurs rarely in the adult population. In this case report, we have presented a 66 years old female patient followed with the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and treated with prednisolone. The patient had a new diagnosis of Salmonella enteritidis and we aimed to discuss similar cases by the culture of lumbar empyema culture ampiciline, cefotaxime, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin was revealed the presence of resistant S.enteritidis. The patient has received ciprofloxacin 2x200 mg per day for 3 weeks as intravenous. And patient was discharged with advice of using ciprofloxacin as per oral long three months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation / Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi is the property of Turkish Society of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)