Search

The article examines measures of step-by-step promotion of innovations at industrial enterprises of Ukraine. Economic factors hindering the implementation of new technologies at enterprises are highlighted. This is caused primarily by the fact that during the global economic crisis, enterprises and industries that actively implement and use innovative technologies are competitive. At the same time, Ukraine continues to develop as a country with a high share of raw materials industries, and innovative development has not become one of the main signs of the growth of the national economy. Although positive trends were observed for several years, they were mainly temporary in nature and were replaced by opposite shifts in the economy, which characterizes innovation processes in Ukraine as unstable and devoid of clear long-term incentives for innovative activity. In these conditions, there is a need to identify key problems that hinder the development of innovative activities of domestic enterprises, and to find ways to solve them. The implementation of a marketing strategy for the promotion of innovative projects at small and medium-sized industrial enterprises and the transfer process of innovations at large enterprises to gain their competitive advantages in domestic and foreign markets is substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the existing features of implementation in the conditions of digitalization of global business, which is confirmed by the construction of appropriate layouts and schemes. An overview was carried out to what extent all these technological innovations lead to deep and large-scale changes in the systemic character of economic (and not only economic) relations, reformatting of their very foundations and the emergence of new socio-economic institutions. Thus, the basis of modern relations is not only and not so much property relations, but the possibility of access to certain goods, resources, and information. Radical technological innovations to one degree or another affect and will increasingly affect the technologies of commercial operations, the role and forms of activity of their commercial intermediaries. The process of technology transfer to the real sector of the economy has been improved, which takes into account the joint refinement of innovative projects of innovators with enterprises that are potential bases of implementation, with the implementation of the activities of the Coordination Center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the state of innovation activity and technology transfer in Ukraine on the basis of international ratings evaluating the innovation potential and innovation capacity, the results of the audit of available technologies and scientific and technical (experimental) developments created over the past ten years by higher educational institutions of Ukraine, scientific institutions, enterprises, institutions and organizations and other annual monitoring studies carried out by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. An analysis of the number and volume of technologies and/or their components transferred by institutions of higher education and scientific institutions in 2014-2020, according to the concluded agreements on technology transfer, as well as the possible dynamics of the technology transfer sphere in Ukraine are predicted. In addition, the article presents the results of a survey of business representatives on innovation activities and current needs in domestic research and development, as well as the proposed directions of action, which, in their opinion, can improve the level of implementation of Ukrainian technologies and scientific developments in the real sector of the economy. Also, the results of audit of technologies developed during last ten years by higher educational institutions, scientific institutions, enterprises and organizations of different spheres of management, which are ready for implementation, are presented. On the basis of comparison of demands of business and available technologies the steps necessary for stimulation of activity in sphere of transfer of technologies, increase of levels of commercialization of technologies, maintenance of technological updating and increase of competitiveness of national economy are defined, and also offers of the organizations-developers on state assistance to commercialization of existing technologies and workings out are presented. This information will contribute to the understanding of necessary further political decisions determining the ways and vector of changes in the technological development of society, as well as the directions of future scientific and technological research and innovation activities, and the development of effective scientific and innovation policy in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the state and features of the development of Industry 4.0 and the digital economy in foreign countries and Ukraine. The current state, main regulatory provisions and programs on Industry 4.0 and the digital economy in Europe, Asia, the United States, and the member countries of the Eurasian economic Union, in particular -- Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, are considered. It shows features of the development of Industry 4.0 in these countries, namely -- the focus on the digital economy on new markets and technologies, significant attention and support from a state. The analysis of the current situation of the movement « Industry 4.0 in Ukraine», «National strategy 4.0» is given. The degree of readiness of national industrial enterprises to implement upto- date digital production technologies that characterize the fourth industrial revolution is analyzed. It is argued that in Ukraine there are no specific programs, «road maps», sources of funding for the implementation of Industry 4.0 principles, but there is a weak ability of the government to effectively cooperate and interact with expert communities, as well as a lack of strategies for digital transformation. There are no existing industrial and innovation strategies as the basis of Industry 4.0. Therefore, the development of digitalization of industrial enterprises should be influenced by the state, namely -- in the field of innovations, scientific and technological development, education and science. To do this, a coalition of enterprises with Central Executive authorities, regional and local governments should be created. In the context of digitalization of Ukrainian industry, electricity-producing industry, IT-sector and science, it is advisable to create conditions for accelerated development of industrial high-tech segments, to establish technology transfer from Ukrainian scientific institutions, research parks, laboratories to end customers, as well as to launch regional programs for the development of Industry 4.0. Special attention is paid to substantiating the feasibility of using principles and tools of Industry 4.0 and the digital economy in industrial enterprises of Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article. The article deals with the multidisciplinarity and problems of nanotechnology in Ukraine and the world, as well as applications of nanotechnology in various domains of sciences and engineering. The results of the analysis. Special emphasis was placed on the peculiarities of transfer of nanotechnology. Given the breadth of potential applications, nanotechnology already has become a research priority for many countries which results in increased financial support for this area. In Ukraine in the last years universities and institute of NAS of Ukraine make basic scientific programs of nanoscale phenomena and in 2009 owing to initiative of scientists of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine the state goal oriented scientific and technical program «Nanotechnology and nanomaterials» for 2010-2014 was launched. The program led to a lot of successful developments and unique technologies, especially in the field of nanocomposites. However, in comparison with countries with average level of development volumes of nanotechnology research and development, its introduction into production is rather low. Due to this fact the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine created and adopted Resolution of the Presidium of NAS of Ukraine from 07.02.2015 of the «Concept of the target-oriented complex program of fundamental research of NAS of Ukraine «Fundamental issues of new nanomaterials creation» for 2015-2019». Analysis of the activities of the research institutions engaged in nanotechnological R&D shows that the greatest potential in Ukraine is possessed by nanophysics, nanobiotechnologies, nanochemistry and development of various nanomaterials. This program gives opportunities to continue research started in 2010 and create new nanotechnologies and its integration into world research and resolution with its help of significant economic, social and environmental problems in Ukraine. While in the field of transfer of nanotechnology significant steps have been made, but even now there are many problems that still hamper the successful development of this sector. Conclusions and directions of further researches. Thus, nanotechnology can be definitely regarded as one of the most promising areas of technological development for decades to come. One of the main benefits of nanotechnology is its multidisciplinarity that provides products of nanotechnology with wide scope for their application. As a result, almost all countries around the world begin to increase investments in this area, more and more partnerships between research institutions and commercial companies are concluded. The development of this industry also owes much to the field of nanotechnology transfer activities which actively aims to address the difficulties that arise in the commercialization of scientific developments and accelerate the pace of the transfer of nanotechnology. But at the moment in this area there are still many outstanding issues and between the academic and commercial spheres there are contradictions in the vision of the process of transfer of nanotechnology and its main priorities and its pace is still quite slow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to understand trends and mechanisms of technology transfer as innovation and integration component interaction of government, business, science and education. The paper used general scientific and special methods: monographic and logical method (at specifying the essence of innovation networks and transfer technology process, identifying trends at innovation, investment and educational spheres), comparative and statistical analysis method (at research of the dynamics of statistical indicators) and graphic analysis method (at the construction graphical models of transfer technology). As a result of the research are specified objectives of National Technology Transfer Network (NTTN), defines the principles of its creation, composition and requirements for participants and partners NTTN, results of operations NTTN; defined prospects for further development of transfer technology in Ukraine. It was developed graphical model of transfer technology from NTTN operation at the base of integrated, system and process approaches. The practical importance of the research is on structuration and synthesis of the main components of the technology transfer process in the direction: the state, business, science and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Common approaches to the definition of «technology commercialization » and «technology transfer» are discussed in the article. As a result of analysis definitions it was concluded that the concept of «technology commercialization» and «technology transfer» must be regarded as autonomous processes of innovation, as they can be held independently of each other. Analysis of the problems and features of formation of modern mechanism of commercialization of innovation technologies was conducted, the main components of the commercialization mechanism of innovative technologies are considered and especially their manifestations in Ukraine are determined. As a result of research was made the conclusion that the lack of a holistic methodology for studying the processes of commercialization of innovative technologies, the underestimation of the role and importance of commercialization in the formation of an innovative economy does not contribute to the effective technical-economic development of Ukraine on the basis of production using advanced technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is dedicated to solution of problems of a legislative and regulatory framework of technology transfer in Ukraine. Having analyzed current scientific activities, the author determines that Ukrainian institutional basis of technology transfer related to a legislative and regulatory framework continue to develop and proves that current approaches and recommendations have the fragmentary character. Analyzed scientists consider one or several main legislative acts on technology transfer. Besides, there is no systematic approach to research a phenomenon of regulation of technology transfer at all stages. Taking this into consideration, an aim of the article is to research a legislative and regulatory framework of processes of implementation of technology transfer in Ukraine on a basis of an institutional analysis. To achieve the determined aim the author solved several tasks: legislative and regulatory documents on innovative activity as a general matter and technology transfer are analyzed; inaccuracies, problem areas, and problematic aspects of dedicated legislation are emphasized; intersection of legislative and regulatory acts on technology transfer that causes collisions of legislation is presented; methods and instruments of improvement of a legislative and regulatory framework of technology transfer are substantiated on a basis of the scientific methodology and, especially, an institutional analysis. Research of a legislative and regulatory framework of implementation of technology transfer in Ukraine on a basis of an institutional analysis causes consideration of the mentioned problems as elements of a system of domestic innovative activity development. The author proved that current tendencies of development of Ukrainian legislation on technology transfer and innovative development generally represent worldwide economic processes. Orientation of the state policy of Ukraine on accession to the European Union causes necessity of further adaptation of the Ukrainian legal system to European standards. In a process of development of ways concerning improvement of a legislative and regulatory framework of technology transfer, the author took into account external and internal factors that influenced innovative development of Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper identified and reasonably effective mechanisms for technology transfer in Ukraine and several foreign countries. The analysis of the national and international technology transfer. It is shown that based on the experience of the transfer of innovative technologies in foreign countries, the priority areas of the state scientific and technical policy is to create conditions for innovation-based economic development and structural adjustment of industrial and technological sectors. The development of legislation affecting science and technology and innovation activity in Ukraine. Comparison of statistical data on the innovation process in the European Union and Ukraine. Investigated the technical and technological production in Ukraine, as well as the factors that hinder the development of innovations in the industry. Found effective mechanisms for technology transfer in foreign countries (USA, Germany, Japan, Russia). The role of technology transfer centres, public-private partnerships, long-term leasing of equipment, government contracts, the introduction of tax incentives to enterprises that carry out upgrading and development of new technologies. An effective means of technology transfer that will enhance innovation processes of enterprises in the innovation economy type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]