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The effect of different concentrations of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein and serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor, trifluoperazine, on the frequency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaf explants of N. tabacum was investigated. The influence of different concentrations of trifluoperazine in the range from 10 to 300 μM was investigated. It was found that 10 μM trifluoperazine provoked the increase of the frequency of agrobacterial transformation of tobacco leaf disks on 25%. In parallel, the influence of different concentrations of genistein in the range from 10 to 100 μM was investigated. It was found 100 μM genistein provoked the increase of the frequency of agrobacterial transformation of tobacco leaf disks on 12%.

The effect of different salinity levels and synthetic compounds treatments on ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes activity in maize leaves has been investigated. One-day seedlings exposition with 0.05 M NaCl increased ascorbate peroxidase activity, whereas 10-day exposition did not affect it. However the exposition with 0.1 M NaCl, which is extreme for maize, decreased ascorbate peroxidase activity in leaves during 10 days. On the other hand glutathione reductase activity in leaves increased under both salt concentrations. Seeds treatments with Methyure and Ivine increased ascorbate peroxidase activity in the leaves of seedlings under 0.1 M NaCl, but did not affect glutathione reductase activity as compared to the salt control. The results obtained have shown differences of ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes responses to salt exposition of seedlings and the effects of adaptogenic compounds on the ascorbate-glutathione cycle via ascorbate peroxidase activation.

On agar-Knop medium containing 0.5 microM HgCl2 about one third of microregenerants of the clone from the individual gametophyte cell of the moss Pottia intermedia survived and gave rise to protonemal mats. The high survival percentage testifies to epigenetic nature of adaptation. The latter proved to be correlated to the increase of leaf cell number and of peroxidase activity as well as to intensification of activity zone of peroxidase isoform with MM in limits of 66 kD and to appearance of two isoforms of the enzyme on electrophoregrams. The increase of peroxidase activity, though considerably weaker expressed, has been stated at 0.2 microM HgCl2 when practically all regenerants survived and on the mercury-free medium epigenetically adapted regenerants differed from physiologically adapted ones only in intensification of activity zone of peroxidase isoform with 66 kD. This gives reason to regard the adaptation of the regenerants to 0.5 microM HgCl2 as intensified epigenocopy of modification and indicates the generality of mechanisms of both types of adaptation.

Effect of plants treatment by salicylic acid on the water potential, ethylene emission, intensity of lipid peroxidation oxidation and enzymatic antioxidative activity in the leaves with contrasting drought-resistance of winter wheat cultivars was investigated. It is ascertain, that the treatment of plants by salicylic acid contributes to a decrease of water loss and intensity of lipid peroxidation, to an increase of ethylene synthesis and peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activity in the winter wheat leaves under drought conditions.

Exogenous hydrogen peroxide action in concentration of 500 microM on antioxidation enzyme activity of photosynthetic tissues of 7-day winter wheat sprouts was investigated. It is established, that catalase activity increased at the second hour of exposition, and it constrained development of lipid peroxidation at the first stages of stress. Superoxide dismutase activity increased at the forth hour of the experiment and the maximum values were reached in 24 hours. Treated plants restored their physiological status in 24 hours and supported it at the 48th hour of exposition. Protective reactions were stimulated by hydrogen peroxide.

The presawing treatment of wheat seeds by lectin specific to the plant and its compositions with gapten and nitrogen fixation bacteria on the change in enzyme activity of antioxidant system of plant protection (peroxydase and katalase), endogenous lectin activity and flavonoid content in wheat leaves was studied in vegetation experiments. It is shown, that different biochemical links of protection plant system are activated, i.e. lectin activity in leaves increases 1.3 to 1.5 times, peroxydase activity and katalase activity rises 1.5 times and 5.0 to 8.0 times respectively and flavonoide content in leaves of vegetating plants increases under normal conditions of plant growth at the influence of factors of lectin nature.

Activity modifications of two enzymes included in antioxidant system have been studied in roots and leaves of corn seedlings during 10-day exposition to 0.1 M NaCl. In roots of salt-stressed seedlings both activities were reduced but their decreasing was changed at rising at the exposition end. The changes of catalase activity in corn leaves had the same character but peroxidase one rose greatly and was considerable higher than in the leaves of the control seedlings. Seed pretreating with preparations methiure and ivine enhanced activities of the both enzymes in roots whereas in leaves they increased catalase activity only. Obtained results demonstrate that under the salt stress conditions catalase and peroxidase activities are directed to the maintenance of prooxidant-antioxidant balance, and methiure and ivine, that reveal the antioxidant properties, induce enzyme activities.

The influence long-term soil drought and potato plants treatment by synthetic analog of cytokinin--polystimulin K on intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and enzymatic antioxidative activity have been investigated. It has been found, that the drought induced the shift of prooxidative-antioxidative balance in respect of lipid peroxidation activation in the potato leaves. It was accompanied by the increase of the ethylene output, membrane permeability, as well as decrease of the lipids content and increase in the enzymatic antioxidative activity (catalase and peroxidase). It is shown, that the intensity of peroxidation processes was higher in budding phases, while enzymatic antioxidative activity was higher in flowering phases in potato plants. Plant exogenous treatment by polystimulin K induced both the decrease in peroxidate oxidation processes, stabilization of catalase and peroxidase activity, as well as the increase in potato resistance to drought.

Accumulation of Ni ions in vegetative bodies of 6- and 10-days shoots of peas and maize, as well as the influence of Ni compounds on accumulation of the glutathione reduced form and activity of glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzymes were investigated. It was established, that Ni accumulation by the root system of plants is carried more efficiently, than by leaves. The increase of concentration of these toxic cations in cultivation medium results in the decrease of the glutathione reduced form in vegetative bodies of plants. A general tendency to the increase of antioxidant enzymes activity is shown under the action of Ni compounds.