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Aim. To determine the quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria (ODB) in fecal biopsy and mucosa-associated microbiota of the colon and small intestine of rats. Methods. Study was conducted on male Wistar rats (weight 170–200 g, n=7). The object of the study was the change in the total amount of oxalate-degrading microbiota of the fecal and mucosa-associated biotope of the colon and small intestine. The mix of ampicillin (75 mg/kg) and metronidazole (50 mg/kg) was injected once a day, for 3 days per os. The dynamics of microbiota changes were evaluated immediately after the antibiotics withdrawals, on the 18th, 29th and 59th days of the experiment. The microbiological analysis of fecal (CFU/g) and mucosa-associated (CFU/cm2 ) biotope of rats was carried out bacteriologically by sowing the according dilutions on elective media. The results are presented in the form of M±m lg CFU/g (cm2 ). Results. The number of bacteria from the fecal biopsy sowed in a highly selective Oxalate Medium (5 g/l Na2 C2 O4 ) decreased from 6,22±0,20 to 4,37±0,80 lg CFU/g (Р, Цель. Исследовать динамику изменения общего количества оксалатдеградирующих бактерий на модели дисбиоза у крыс вызванного совместным введением ампициллина и метронидозола. Методы. Объектом исследования были изменения общего количеста оксалатдеградирующей микробиоты фекального биоптата и пристеночной микробиоты толстой и тонкой кишок самцов крыс линии Wistar (вес 170–200 г, n=7). Коктейль ампициллина (75 мг/кг) с метронидазолом (50 мг/кг) вводили per os 1 раз в сутки, в течение 3 дней. Динамику изменений микробиоты оценивали сразу после отмены введения антимикробных препаратов, на 18, 29 и 59 день от начала эксперимента. Микробиологический анализ фекального (КОЕ/г) и пристеночного (КОЕ/см2 ) биоптатов крыс осуществляли бактериологическим путем при посеве соответствующих разведений на элективные среды. Результаты представлены в ввиде M±m lg КУО/г (см2 ). Результаты. Количество бактерий, которые высевалась с фекального биоптата на высоко селективной среде Oxalate Medium (5 г/л Na2 C2 O4 ) снижалось на 29-й день эксперимента с 6,22±0,20 до 4,37±0,80 lg КОЕ/г (Р, Мета. Ддослідити зміни загальної кількості оксалатдеградувальних бактерій за модельованого дисбіозу у щурів. Методи. Об’єктом дослідження були зміни загальної кількості оксалатдеградувальної мікробіоти фекального та пристінкового біоптатів товстої та тонкої кишок щурів самців лінії Wistar (маса 170-200 г, n=7). Коктейль ампіциліну (75 мг/кг) з метронідазолом (50 мг/кг) вводили per os 1 раз на добу, впродовж 3 днів. Динаміку змін мікробіоти оцінювали одразу після відміни введення антимікробних препаратів та на 18, 29, 59 день від початку експерименту. Мікробіологічний аналіз фекального (КУО/г) та пристінкового (КУО/см2 ) біоптатів щурів здійснювали бактеріологічним шляхом при висіві відповідних розведень на елективні середовища. Результати представлені у вигляді M±m lg КУО/г (см2 ). Результати. Кількість бактерій, що висівалася з фекального біоптату на високо селективному середовищі Oxalate Medium (5 г/л Na2C2O4) знижувалася на 29-й день експерименту з 6,22±0,20 до 4,37±0,80 lg КУО/г (Р

Changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota, namely the reduction of microorganisms capable of metabolizing oxalates, is one of the main factors in the development of hyperoxaluria. The purpose of this study was to determine the quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria in fecal biopsy of different species of laboratory animals and to investigate the relationship between the amount of oxalate in the diet and the level of oxalate-degrading bacteria. Methods. The object of the study was the content of oxalate-degrading bacteria in fecal biopsy of experimental animals: nonbreeding rats (n = 12); Wistar rats (n = 12); mice Balb C line (n =12); сhinchilla rabbits (n= 10). The quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria was determined by culture method on a highly selective Oxalate Medium. Results. Current data shows that the content of oxalate-degrading bacteria in fecal biopsy depends on the species of the animals and the high content of oxalates in the diet. In Wistar line rats, oxalate-degrading bacteria were found in 100 % of the animals, in non-breeding rats – 58 %, in mice Balb C line – 42 %, in сhinchilla rabbits – 7 %. The highest quantity of oxalatedegrading bacteria in grams of fecal biopsy was found in Wistar rats – lg 6,12 ± 0,63 CFU/g, in non-breeding rats – lg 2,97 ± 0,34 CFU/g, in mice lg 2,4 ± 0,41 CFU/g. The least quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria was detected in rabbits (lg 2,1 ± 0,5 CFU/g). A 14-day administration of Na2C2O4 to non-breeding rats has led to an increase in the quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria in fecal biopsy. During the first seven days of the high-oxalate diet 57 % animals had increased the quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria in a gram of feces. After 14 days, the further increase of oxalatedegrading bacteria in a gram of feces was observed in 25 % animals. In general, the quantity of oxalate-degrading bacteria during high-oxalate diet has increased by two orders. Conclusions. Animals with non-detectable level of oxalate-degrading bacteria in feces might be attributed to the potential risk group of hyperoxaluria and the formation of oxalate stones.

The present study was performed to evaluate the ability of Lactobacillus probiotics to reduce the urinary oxalate excretion level and prevent recurrent pyelonephritis. Methods. The open, 6 months randomized controlled trial was followed up. 80 women with recurrent pyelonephritis, caused by E. coli or S. faecalis, were randomly allocated into 2 groups. The 1st Group (n = 40) took Symbiform® which contained acidophilic and plantar Lactobacilli, Lactococci (lactis and cremoris), Bifidobacteria (adolescentis and bifidum) and thermophilic non–pathogenic Streptococcus. The 2nd one (n = 40) received oxalate–soluble herbal remedy Uronefron® containing 188 mg of city extract from 9 plants. Probiotic was prescribed in a dose of 1 sachet 2 times a day during the first 5 days, followed by a dose reduction of 1 sachet per day for a month. Uronefron® was prescribed in a dose of 3 pills a day for a month. Results. 1 month after the end of the treatment, microbiological studies of the colon microflora demonstrated the increasing level of Lactobacillus spp. colonization more than 7 million CPU/1 g of faeces: 35/40 (87.5 %) in the patients of the 1st Group vs 6/40 (15 %) in the women of the comparison Group f/f = 41.5; p < 0.0001). The levels of daily urinary oxalate excretion were significantly decreased in both groups: the patients of Probiotic Group: 117.6 ± 11.7 vs 71.9 ± 10.07mg/d after the treatment (p < 0.0001) and 122.02 ± 17 vs 84.8 ± 9.8 mg/d (p < 0.0001) in the women of the 2nd Group, respectively. In the 6 months preceding randomization, at least 1 recurrence of pyelonephritis occurred in 2/40 (5 %) women of the Probiotic Group and 9/40 (22.5 %) in the patients of Group II (//= 5,1; p = 0,02). Conclusions. The use of lactobacillus probiotics in non–stone fanners women with recurrent pyelonephritis increases the quantitative content of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut, reduces daily urinary oxalate excretion and the number of pyelonephritis recurrences.