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About one hundred magnets of six different types shall be installed in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in the years 2026-2028 at CERN. The magnets design, construction and test are based on CERN collaborations with institutes and industrial partners in USA, Spain, Italy, Japan and China. Three types of correctors are based on Nb‒Ti technology and feature conductor peak fields in the 2 to 4 T range: for all of them the prototype phase has been successfully completed. The production is well advanced for the superferric correctors, and is starting for the canted cosine theta correctors and for the nested correctors. The separation and recombination Nb‒Ti dipoles D1 and D2, with a 4.5-6 T bore field range, are both in the prototype phase after the completion of the short model program. The most challenging magnet, the Nb3Sn quadrupole with conductor peak field above 11 T, is in the prototype phase at CERN and halfway through the production phase in the USA. In this paper we will give, for each type of magnet, an overview of the main achievements obtained so far and we will outline the technical points still needing validation from the prototype program.

In the framework of the High Field Magnets (HFM) program, CERN is developing and qualifying Nb 3 Sn Rutherford cables to support magnet development towards the requirements of a future energy-frontier collider, using both state-of-the-art commercial wires and experimental wires under development with industrial partners. The trend towards higher current density and larger diameter wires imposes challenges for magneto-thermal stability. In this study, rolling trials and Rutherford cabling have been performed at CERN for two designs of a 1 mm diameter distributed tin Nb 3 Sn wire produced by KAT, and for 1 mm and 1.1 mm diameter RRP® Nb 3 Sn wires procured from Bruker OST, and the self-field stability and cabling degradation have been analyzed. The 1 mm RRP® wire shows significant degradation in Ic and stability on cabling. Although the latter is not expected to impact the performance of research magnets, the potential of heat treatment optimization to improve stability has also been quantified. The distributed tin wire shows substantially poorer stability, but promising indications of low cabling degradation. The influence of wire design characteristics on cabling behavior and stability have been assessed, and the implications for future wire optimization towards high field accelerator magnet applications have been discussed.

O Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Masculino é uma competição anual que envolve as 20 melhores equipes do Brasil e, no ano de 2021, foi transmitido por 5 diferentes plataformas, sendo que cada emissora possuía a sua maneira de ilustrar as informações das partidas por meio de seu pacote gráfico. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa tem o objetivo, por intermédio de um levantamento qualitativo, de analisar as respostas de consumidores da competição de futebol mais popular do país, acerca da capacidade de identificação do campeonato por meio de seus elementos gráficos aplicados em transmissões ao vivo, seja pela televisão, seja por plataformas de streaming. Com o resultado obtido, fundamentou-se a necessidade da criação de um manual de identidade visual, trazendo, assim, uma assertividade nas aplicações da marca, em seus elementos de apoio, em qualquer transmissão que envolva o seu conteúdo, fidelizando o consumidor à marca do torneio, criando, assim, uma proximidade entre ela e o torcedor.

A proposição de problemas tem recebido atenção, mais recentemente, entre pesquisadores e educadores, sendo inserida em prescrições curriculares de diversos países, inclusive no Brasil. Um dos aspectos importantes a ser pesquisado nessa área, refere-se a compreender o impacto de diferentes atividades de proposição de problemas no desempenho dos estudantes e para os objetivos pedagógicos pretendidos pelo professor em sala de aula. Neste trabalho, nos concentramos em analisar problemas criados por crianças de 6 e 7 anos de idade, a partir dos elementos disparadores e do prompt que foram fornecidos. Para tanto, inicia-se apresentando uma discussão teórica acerca dos elementos que constituem o trabalho com a Proposição de Problemas em sala de aula. Na sequência, os dados são analisados por meio de abordagem qualitativa, considerando os problemas criados pelas crianças e entrevista realizada com uma delas, dadas as particularidades apresentadas no problema por ela proposto. Os resultados sugerem que as primeiras atividades de proposição de problemas com as crianças, sejam menos estruturadas, de modo que elas fiquem mais livres no que se refere a articular conhecimento matemático e vivências cotidianas, estruturando gradativamente o entendimento de como se constitui um problema no âmbito da Matemática.

Funder: Ludwig Maximilians University Munich | Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Mnchen (CeNS, LMU); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100007153, Funder: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung (Alexander von Humboldt Foundation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100005156, Single-molecule Förster-resonance energy transfer (smFRET) experiments allow the study of biomolecular structure and dynamics in vitro and in vivo. We performed an international blind study involving 19 laboratories to assess the uncertainty of FRET experiments for proteins with respect to the measured FRET efficiency histograms, determination of distances, and the detection and quantification of structural dynamics. Using two protein systems with distinct conformational changes and dynamics, we obtained an uncertainty of the FRET efficiency ≤0.06, corresponding to an interdye distance precision of ≤2 Å and accuracy of ≤5 Å. We further discuss the limits for detecting fluctuations in this distance range and how to identify dye perturbations. Our work demonstrates the ability of smFRET experiments to simultaneously measure distances and avoid the averaging of conformational dynamics for realistic protein systems, highlighting its importance in the expanding toolbox of integrative structural biology.

Spike-wave discharges (SWDs) are among the most prominent electrical signals recordable from the rat cerebrum. Increased by inbreeding, SWDs have served as an animal model of human genetic absence seizures. Yet, SWDs are ubiquitous in inbred and outbred rats, suggesting they reflect normal brain function. We hypothesized that SWDs represent oscillatory neural ensemble activity underlying sensory encoding. To test this hypothesis, we simultaneously mapped SWDs from wide areas (8 × 8 mm) of both hemispheres in anesthetized rats, using 256-electrode epicortical arrays that covered primary and secondary somatosensory, auditory and visual cortex bilaterally. We also recorded the laminar pattern of SWDs with linear microelectrode arrays. We compared the spatial and temporal organization of SWDs to somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs), as well as auditory- and visual-evoked potentials (AEPs and VEPs) to examine similarities and/or differences between sensory-evoked and spontaneous oscillations in the same animals. We discovered that SWDs are confined to the facial representation of primary and secondary somatosensory cortex (SI and SII, respectively), areas that are preferentially engaged during environmental exploration in the rat. Furthermore, these oscillations exhibit highly synchronized bilateral traveling waves in SI and SII, simultaneously forming closely matched spread patterns in both hemispheres. We propose that SWDs could reflect a previously unappreciated capacity for rat somatosensory cortex to perform precise spatial and temporal analysis of rapidly changing sensory input at the level of large neural ensembles synchronized both within and between the cerebral hemispheres.

Aquaculture is a growing global food production sector that aims to meet the increasing demand for dietary protein. Crustaceans are an important and predominantly high-priced aquaculture segment that could support the transfer of sustainable new technologies to other sectors. Areas of interest include disease management and compound feeds, both of which have the potential to improve both the profitability and sustainability of aquaculture. Modern compound feeds are largely composed of fishmeal and/or terrestrial plant materials, the production of which is unsustainable, leading to the depletion of finite resources. Insects are a promising protein-rich alternative to fishmeal that can reduce the environmental footprint of aquafeeds and crustacean aquaculture. First research data have shown that insect meal has a favourable nutritional composition with positive health effects, and is environmentally sustainable with a strong economic potential, particularly supporting circular economy by valorising otherwise unused side-streams. In this article, we discuss the current state of crustacean aquaculture and highlight the benefits of insect meal compared to today’s compound aquafeeds in terms of health and growth-promoting properties as well as environmental benefits. We then consider the molecular mechanisms that confer immunity and disease resistance in crustacean aquaculture and show how insect feeds can support disease management and thus consumer health. Next, we assess the environmental sustainability of crustacean aquaculture and insect farming, the legal framework for insect-based feeds and consumer acceptance issues. Lastly, we identify research gaps, socioeconomic considerations and the potential of insect-based sustainable crustacean aquaculture for the global market.

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a leading cause of death globally and a major health concern. In humans, macrophages are the first line invaded by M. tuberculosis. Upon infection, macrophages upregulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and consequently elevate the formation of PGs, including PGE2 and PGD2. Although the role of proinflammatory PGE2 in M. tuberculosis infection has been reported, the roles of PGJ2 and 15-deoxy-PGJ2 (collectively named J2-PGs), the metabolites of PGD2 with anti-inflammatory features, remain elusive. In this study, we show that M. tuberculosis (H37Rv strain)–conditioned medium stimulates human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to elevate COX-2 expression along with robust generation of PGJ2, exceeding PGD2 formation, and to a minor extent also of 15-deoxy-PGJ2. Of interest, in M1-MDM phenotypes, PGJ2 and 15-deoxy-PGJ2 decreased M. tuberculosis (H37Rv strain)–conditioned medium–induced COX-2 expression and related PG formation by a negative feedback loop. Moreover, these J2-PGs downregulated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, but elevated the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the M2 markers arginase-1 and CD163. These anti-inflammatory effects of J2-PGs in M1-MDM correlated with impaired activation of TGF-β–activated kinase 1/NF-κB/MAPK pathways. Finally, we found that J2-PGs regulate COX-2 expression, at least partially, via PGD2 receptor (DP1) and chemoattractant receptor homologue expressed on Th2 cells/DP2 receptors, but independent of the J2-PG receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. Together, our findings reveal that M. tuberculosis induces COX-2 expression in human M1-MDMs, along with robust formation of J2-PGs that mediates anti-inflammatory effects via a negative feedback loop.

Background. Asymptomatic children can be a major reservoir of pharyngeal group A streptococcus (GAS). The role of GAS carriage causing subsequent infections resulting in the manifestation of clinical symptoms, or being associated with transmission to uninfected individuals, is not entirely clear. Furthermore, data on GAS carriage from countries in Africa remain scant with only a few studies reporting carriage. Objectives. We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic pharyngeal carriage of group A streptococci in school children in Cape Town. We considered our results in the context of a meta-analysis of data of GAS carriage in Africa. Methods. We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study from 2009 to 2011 in two Cape Town peri-urban communities, enrolling 950 healthy learners. Pharyngeal swabs were obtained from learners and processed at the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) microbiology laboratory at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. Thereafter, we conducted a systematic review through a comprehensive literature search among several sources. Prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Results. GAS was isolated from 31 participants corresponding to a carrier rate of 3% (95% CI 2% - 4%). Combining our results with 18 other studies revealed a pooled prevalence of 9% (95% CI 6% - 11%). Regional pooled rates were similar across southern, eastern and northern Africa, of between 9% (95% CI 6% - 11%) and 11% (95% CI 4% - 21%) while countries within Central Africa had a pooled estimate of 7% (95% CI 5% - 9%). Western Africa had the lowest pooled estimate of 2% (95% CI 1% - 2%). Conclusion. There was a relatively low rate of carriage of GAS in asymptomatic school children residing in South Africa. Pooled prevalence rates revealed regional differences across the African continent as regards the rate of GAS carriage, with the western and northern African regions having rates of GAS carriage that were lower and higher respectively than those of East, Central and southern African countries, which demonstrated similar rates of carriage.

The study highlights the association relationship between students’ academic motivation level (N=150) and the variables related to dysfunctional negative emotions and physical health. Simultaneously, we analyze whether negative dysfunctional emotions can explain the level of academic motivation, provided that physical health is controlled. The research method used was a questionnaire-based survey. The working tools were: The Questionnaire for measuring the types of motivation regulation in the academic field (Robu & Tufeanu, 2020), The state of physical health from the Inventory of self-perceived well-being Subscale (Roşeanu & Răşcanu, 2008); Dysfunctional-Negative Emotions Subscale, from The Emotion Measurement Scale (Trip, 2007). According to the research results, the level of academic motivation (more specifically, intrinsic motivation and identification) is inversely associated with the level of negative dysfunctional emotions and directly with the state of physical health, with an average effect size. However, in the multiple regression analysis, given that the level of health is kept constant, only the level of identification motivation can be explained by the level of dysfunctional negative emotions. In conclusion, we emphasize the role of collaboration in this topic between specialists in education and mental health.

O presente capítulo fornece um esboço da Linguística Interacional e sua relevância à Linguística Aplicada. Inclui-se nisso uma pesquisa acerca da emergência da Linguística Interacional, seus conceitos básicos e instrumentos metodológicos, perguntas de pesquisa e desafios futuros da Linguística Interacional, bem como sua contribuição à Linguística Aplicada. O capítulo termina com uma bibliografia de trabalhos citados e referências relevantes.

Background To what extent does the pathway to senior elite success build on junior elite success? Evidence from longitudinal studies investigating athletes’ junior-to-senior performance development is mixed; prospective studies have reported percentages of juniors who achieved an equivalent competition level at senior age (e.g., international championships at both times) ranging from 0 to 68%. Likewise, retrospective studies have reported percentages of senior athletes who had achieved an equivalent competition level at junior age ranging from 2 to 100%. However, samples have been heterogeneous in terms of junior age categories, competition levels, sex, sports, and sample sizes. Objective This study aimed to establish more robust and generalizable findings via a systematic review and synthesis of findings. We considered three competition levels—competing at a national championship level, competing at an international championship level, and winning international medals—and addressed three questions: (1) How many junior athletes reach an equivalent competition level when they are senior athletes? (2) How many senior athletes reached an equivalent competition level when they were junior athletes? The answers to these questions provide an answer to Question (3): To what extent are successful juniors and successful seniors one identical population or two disparate populations? Methods We conducted a systematic literature search in SPORTDiscus, ERIC, ProQuest, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, WorldCat, and Google Scholar until 15 March 2022. Percentages of juniors who achieved an equivalent competition level at senior age (prospective studies) and of senior athletes who had achieved an equivalent competition level at junior age (retrospective studies) were aggregated across studies to establish these percentages for all athletes, separately for prospective and retrospective studies, junior age categories, and competition levels. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version for descriptive quantitative studies. Results Prospective studies included 110 samples with 38,383 junior athletes. Retrospective studies included 79 samples with 22,961 senior athletes. The following findings emerged: (1) Few elite juniors later achieved an equivalent competition level at senior age, and few elite seniors had previously achieved an equivalent competition level at junior age. For example, 89.2% of international-level U17/18 juniors failed to reach international level as seniors and 82.0% of international-level seniors had not reached international level as U17/18 juniors. (2) Successful juniors and successful seniors are largely two disparate populations. For example, international-level U17/18 juniors and international-level seniors were 7.2% identical and 92.8% disparate. (3) Percentages of athletes achieving equivalent junior and senior competition levels were the smallest among the highest competition levels and the youngest junior age categories. (4) The quality of evidence was generally high. Discussion The findings question the tenets of traditional theories of giftedness and expertise as well as current practices of talent selection and talent promotion. A PRISMA-P protocol was registered at https://osf.io/gck4a/.

Purpose Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) represents an often aggressive malignancy associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, finding reliable prognostic biomarkers in patients undergoing curative surgery for improved risk stratification is crucial. We evaluated the prognostic value of the Fibrinogen/C-reactive protein (FC)-score in a cohort of surgically treated UTUC patients. Methods 170 patients with radiologically and histologically verified UTUC who underwent radical curative surgery between 1990 and 2020, were included. The FC-score was calculated for each patient, with patients receiving 1 point each if Fibrinogen and/or CRP levels were elevated above the 25th or 75th percentile, respectively. Patients were divided into three subgroups according to their FC-score of 0, 1 or 2 point(s). Kaplan–Meier analysis, uni- and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were implemented. We determined cancer-specific survival (CSS) as primary endpoint, whereas overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were considered secondary endpoints. Results High FC-score (2 points) was significantly associated with adverse histological features such as vascular invasion (OR = 4.08, 95%CI 1.18–14.15, p = .0027) and tumour necrosis (OR = 6.67, 95%CI 1.35–32.96, p = 0.020). Both, uni- and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models showed the FC-score as a significant predictor for CSS (univariable analysis: FC-score = 1: HR = 1.90, 95%CI 0.92–3.93, p = 0.085 | FC-score = 2: HR = 2.86, 95%CI 1.22–6.72, p = 0.016). Furthermore, in univariable analysis, patients with higher FC-score had significantly shorter OS (FC-score = 1: HR = 1.32, 95%CI 0.70–2.49, p = 0.387 | FC-score = 2: HR = 2.19, 95%CI 1.02–4.67, p = 0.043). However, this did not prevail in multivariable analysis. Conclusion The FC-score represents a novel potential biomarker in patients with UTUC undergoing radical curative surgery.

The objective of this study was to understand the interference of pressure injuries on wheelchair users' lives and to verify the care and prevention strategies. This research is characterized as descriptive observational, with analysis and discussion of data under the qualitative paradigm. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 31 wheelchair users from the Spinal Injuries Association of Rio Grande do Sul. The qualitative analysis was performed by the data categorization and triangulation method. It was found that pressure injuries develop while users are hospitalized in hospital beds, due to the use of the wheelchair without the care of frequent seat pressure relief and the inappropriate cushions use. It was also observed that the injuries affect the health and interfere users’ quality of life, and the long treatment period for the healing of the injuries implies into the removal of social life. It’s concluded that the best solution is prevention, which should occur early through the use of products and practices that relieve pressure in certain places of the body on the wheelchair seat and in hospital beds.

Zusammenfassung: Funktionelle neurologische Störungen sind häufig und in der klinischen Präsentation vielgestaltig. Psychologische Faktoren spielen in der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung der Symptome eine Rolle; psychiatrische Komorbiditäten können, müssen jedoch nicht immer vorhanden sein und sind kein obligates Diagnosekriterium. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt primär anhand anamnestischer Angaben sowie klinischer Positivzeichen. Im ärztlichen Gespräch sollten die Häufigkeit und Reversibilität des Krankheitsbildes betont und in der klinischen Untersuchung die positiven klinischen Zeichen aufgezeigt werden. Wissenschaftlich fundierte Erklärungsmodelle sowie das bio-psycho-soziale Modell können helfen, die Diagnose anschaulich zu erläutern und das therapeutisch relevante Krankheitsverständnis zu fördern. Wichtig ist es hierbei, auf die Formulierung zu achten und den neutralen und anschaulichen Begriff «funktionelle neurologische Störung» zu verwenden. Die Behandlung der prinzipiell reversiblen Erkrankung erfolgt interdisziplinär und multimodal.

A key first step to constrain the impact of energetic particles in exoplanet atmospheres is to detect the chemical signature of ionisation due to stellar energetic particles and Galactic cosmic rays. We focus on GJ$\,$436, a well-studied M dwarf with a warm Neptune-like exoplanet. We demonstrate how the maximum stellar energetic particle momentum can be estimated from the stellar X-ray luminosity. We model energetic particle transport through the atmosphere of a hypothetical exoplanet at orbital distances between $a=0.01-0.2\,$au from GJ$\,$436, including GJ$\,$436$\,$b's orbital distance (0.028$\,$au). For these distances we find that, at top-of-atmosphere, stellar energetic particles ionise molecular hydrogen at a rate of $\zeta_{\rm StEP,H_2} \sim 4\times10^{-10}-2\times10^{-13}\,\mathrm{s^{-1}}$. In comparison, Galactic cosmic rays alone lead to $\zeta_{\rm GCR, H_2}\sim2\times 10^{-20}-10^{-18} \,\mathrm{s^{-1}}$. At 10au we find that ionisation due to Galactic cosmic rays equals that of stellar energetic particles: $\zeta_{\rm GCR,H_2} = \zeta_{\rm StEP,H_2} \sim 7\times10^{-18}\,\rm{s^{-1}}$ for the top-of-atmosphere ionisation rate. At GJ$\,$436$\,$b's orbital distance, the maximum ion-pair production rate due to stellar energetic particles occurs at pressure $P\sim 10^{-3}\,$bar while Galactic cosmic rays dominate for $P>10^2\,$bar. These high pressures are similar to what is expected for a post-impact early Earth atmosphere. The results presented here will be used to quantify the chemical signatures of energetic particles in warm Neptune-like atmospheres., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Ao unificar os mundos da fotografia e da publicidade, notam-se pontos positivos para ambos, pois o indivíduo é fortemente influenciado por imagens enquanto receptor, sendo persuadido por tendências para si e para os grupos em que está inserido. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender de que modo a fotografia, a publicidade e a persuasão se integram e podem estimular a decisão de compra e a aceitação de ideias. Sob esse prisma, foram selecionados, a fim de cumprir o objetivo proposto, três anúncios: “An alcoholic doesn’t only harm himself”, “Come como en casa” e “There’s always room for more. Adopt.”. Ao fim do estudo, foi possível, através da Retórica da Imagem, de Barthes (1990), analisar mensagens denotadas e conotadas presentes nos anúncios selecionados, observando que os mesmos ressaltam o impacto que as imagens têm, sendo, portanto, o foco principal na transmissão da mensagem, contando apenas com o apoio de um pequeno texto/título para completar o entendimento do receptor.

Extensive research has been performed into the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) in preventing N losses; however, tropical agriculture has been underrepresented in recent meta-analyses. Here, we apply a meta-analytic approach using data from 50 articles to identify the impact of NIs (DMPP, DCD, and DCD + NBPT) on crop yield, N2O emissions, soil NH4+ and NO3− concentrations, and NH3 volatilization in subtropical and tropical regions of Brazil. In addition, the survey includes information about location; climate zone; cultivated crops; soil pH; soil organic carbon; soil texture; experimental method; soil management; irrigation; fertilizer source, rate, and type; and NI type and rate. Overall, the data set showed that NIs increased crop yield and soil NH4+ concentrations by 3 and 60%, respectively, whereas N2O emissions and soil NO3− concentrations were reduced by 62 and 31%, respectively. Ammonia volatilization was not changed by NI application. However, the combination of a NI with a urease inhibitor decreased such losses by 39%. The effectiveness of the NIs was highest in irrigated fields, fine-textured soils, and mineral N sources. Moreover, NI performance in Brazil was found to be similar in tropical and subtropical climates, and was also comparable to values previously reported in meta-analyses, including those conducted in temperate climates. Therefore, NI application is indicated to be an efficient strategy to delay nitrification and mitigate N2O emissions in tropical agroecosystems.

Aims Pulmonary vein isolation using radiofrequency ablation is an effective treatment option for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Application of high power over a short period of time (HPSD) is reported to create more efficient lesions and may prevent collateral thermal oesophageal injury. This study aims to compare efficacy and safety of two different HPSD ablation approaches using different ablation index settings. Methods and results Consecutive patients undergoing AF ablation with HPSD (50 W; ablation index–guided) using the ThermoCool SmartTouch SF catheter were included. Patients were grouped by ablation protocol: ablation with target ablation index (AI) of 400 on the anterior left atrial wall vs. 300 at the posterior left atrial wall (AI 400/300) or AI 450/350 was performed upon the operator’s preference and compared. Peri-procedural parameters and complications were recorded, and incidences of endoscopically detected thermal oesophageal lesions (EDEL) analysed. Recurrence rates after a mean follow-up of 25 ± 7 months and reconnection patterns in patients undergoing redo procedures were investigated. A total of 795 patients (67 ± 10 years; 58% male; 48% paroxysmal AF) underwent a first AF ablation with HPSD (211 in group AI 400/300 and 584 in group 450/350). Median procedure time was 82.9 ± 24.6 min with longer ablation times in patients with target AI 400/300 due to higher intraprocedural reconnection rates, increased box lesions, and additional right atrial isthmus ablations. EDEL rates among target AI 400/300 procedures were significantly lower (3% vs. 7%; P = 0.019). Correspondingly, AI 450/350 was the strongest independent predictor of post-ablation EDEL (OR 4.799, CI 1.427–16.138, P = 0.011). Twelve-month (76% vs. 76%; P = 0.892) and long-term ablation single procedure success (68% vs. 71%; log-rank P = 0.452) after a mean of 25 ± 7 months were comparable among both target AI groups; however, long-term success was significantly higher for paroxysmal AF compared to persistent AF (12 months: 80% vs. 72%; P = 0.010; end of follow-up: 76% vs. 65%; log-rank P = 0.001). One hundred three patients (16%) underwent a redo procedure during follow-up documented comparable pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection among groups. Multivariate predictors of AF recurrence were age, left atrium (LA) size, persistent AF, and extra-PV ablation targets. Conclusion High-power short-duration AF ablation with target AI of 400 for non-posterior wall and 300 for posterior wall lesions resulted in comparable long-term results compared to higher AI (450/350) ablations with significantly lower risk for thermal oesophageal lesions. Older age, larger LA size, persistent AF, and extra-PV ablation targets were identified in a multivariate analysis as independent risk factors for recurrences of atrial arrhythmias.

An einem Fallbeispiel wird aufgezeigt, wie ein pädagogisches Team zunächst die sozialen Voraussetzungen herstellt, um später gemeinsam eine Aufgabe zu bearbeiten. In dieser ersten Phase können zwei gruppale Stimmungsund Affektkonstellationen beobachtet werden, die mit Bion (2001) als »Grundannahme Kampf/Flucht« und »Grundannahme der Abhängigkeit« interpretiert werden. Was als unproduktive »Pseudokooperation« (Fend, 2008, S. 228) erscheint, verändert die Gruppenstruktur. Sobald auf dieser Ebene eine »synkretische«, d.h. nicht-differenzierte Zugehörigkeit entstanden ist, gelingt dem pädagogischen Team eine Aufgabenorientierung, was nach Bion (2001) zentrales Merkmal einer »Arbeitsgruppe« ist.

Despite the advances in modern medicine, the use of data-driven technologies (DDTs) to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) remains a major challenge. Scholars recognise that data management is the next frontier in infection prevention, but many aspects related to the benefits and advantages of using DDTs to mitigate SSI risk factors remain unclear and underexplored in the literature. This study explores how DDTs enable value creation in the prevention of SSIs. This study follows a systematic literature review approach and the PRISMA statement to analyse peer-reviewed articles from seven databases. Fifty-nine articles were included in the review and were analysed through a descriptive and a thematic analysis. The findings suggest a growing interest in DDTs in SSI prevention in the last 5 years, and that machine learning and smartphone applications are widely used in SSI prevention. DDTs are mainly applied to prevent SSIs in clean and clean-contaminated surgeries and often used to manage patient-related data in the postoperative stage. DDTs enable the creation of nine categories of value that are classified in four dimensions: cost/sacrifice, functional/instrumental, experiential/hedonic, and symbolic/expressive. This study offers a unique and systematic overview of the value creation aspects enabled by DDT applications in SSI prevention and suggests that additional research is needed in four areas: value co-creation and product-service systems, DDTs in contaminated and dirty surgeries, data legitimation and explainability, and data-driven interventions.

As leishmanioses são doenças negligenciadas de grande importância em saúde pública. Esta doença, causada por parasitos do gênero Leishmania e transmitidos por insetos vetores pode se manifestar sob as formas visceral, cutânea e muco-cutânea. A leishmaniose visceral ganhou importante destaque na abordagem da “Saúde Única” em função da interface humana, veterinária e ambiental. Neste contexto, a detecção de novas áreas com ocorrência de casos autóctones de LV canina é o marco para iniciar a investigação, vigilância e monitoramento epidemiológico. O município de Lavras era considerado área silenciosa e não vulnerável para leishmaniose visceral canina até o ano de 2013. Diante da necessidade de confirmação da infecção canina, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi confirmar a ocorrência de casos autóctones de LV canina no município de Lavras – MG, com técnicas parasitológicas, sorológicas e moleculares. A partir da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em tempo real – qPCR, foi analisada a carga parasitária de amostras de baço e medula óssea de nove cães naturalmente infectados, sabidamente positivos para LVC nos testes DPP® e EIE LVC Bio-Manguinhos®. Foram observadas quatro amostras positivas para Leishmania infantum em medula óssea, e cinco amostras positivas de baço. Não houve diferença significativa para os valores de carga parasitária entre os dois tipos de tecido analisados. A confirmação da infecção por L. infantum em cães realizada neste estudo é a primeira na macrorregião de Lavras - sul do estado de Minas Gerais, e serve de alerta para implementação das ações de vigilância e controle, no sentido de evitar a dispersão da doença e a ocorrência de casos humanos.

Die Veröffentlichung der NE 177 - und damit des Security-Konzepts der NAMUR Open Architecture (NOA) – liegt nun über ein Jahr zurück. Grund genug, auf dem Markt befindliche Lösungen im Hinblick auf ihre Sicherheit zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden beispielhaft drei verschiedene Umsetzungen des NOA-Security-Konzepts in der IDEA-Anlage in Frankfurt Höchst installiert und einem professionellen Penetrationstest unterzogen. In diesem Artikel geht es neben einer Rekapitulation des NOA-Security-Konzeptes um eben diese Beispielimplementierungen sowie das Vorgehen und die Ergebnisse der Sicherheitstests.