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This article examines the government purchase of social services in China as a window by which to investigate the evolving relations between the party-state and social organizations. Going beyond the conventional focus on state–non-governmental organization (NGO) dynamics in urban areas, we explore the expanded role of social organizations in rural service provision under state-led campaigns of rural modernization. Engaging with institutional theory and the consultative authoritarianism thesis, we argue that NGOs initially operated in an emerging organizational field where they exercised considerable autonomy in setting agendas and designing services. As the party-state's incentives to utilize and co-opt the social work profession grow, however, we observe a trend towards incorporation, wherein social workers now play a bigger role alongside the strengthening of state control over the sector. Through tracing the inception and eventual termination of a decade-long social service project in Guangdong, this article shows how state incorporation might undermine the future role of NGOs in rural development.

Sosialisasi dan pelatihan keterampilan sistem pelaporan perpajakan bagi BUMDES dan pelaku UMKM merupakan salah satu langkah meningkatkan kemampuan para pengusaha mikro kecil dan menegah yang terdapat di Desa Loa Duri Ulu. Sosialisasi ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 18 Maret 2022, sebelum tanggal terakhir pelaksanaan pelaporan perpajakan bagi pelaku usaha. Tim pengabdi adalah dosen yang memiliki pengetahuan, keahlian, dan pengalaman dalam bidang perpajakan. Tujuan dari pelatihan ini, khususnya bagi BUMDes dan pelaku UMKM adalah untuk meningkatan kemampuan melaksanakan kewajiban perpajakan melalui web DJP online dan aspek lain yang berhubungan dengan hal tersebut. Kegiatan dimulai dari persiapan dengan menganalisis kebutuhan pelatihan, merumuskan tujuan pelatihan, mempersiapkan materi dan melaksanakan pelatihan. Metode pelatihan dilakukan dengan memberikan ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab dan pelatihan pelaporan perpajakan yaitu pelaporan Surat Pemberitahuan (SPT) tahunan. Hasil dari pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan teknis bagi BUMDes dan pelaku UMKM dalam melaksanakan kewajiban perpajakannya terutama pajak penghasilan, yaitu cara pengisian SPT tahunan sebagai orang pribadi maupun badan.

Background: The usefulness of prophylactic surgery and surveillance for hereditary breast cancer has been demonstrated, and germline testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 had been covered by insurance since 2020 in Japan. In addition to BRCA1 and BRCA2, several other genes are also associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer, such as PALB2, ATM, BARD1, CHEK2, PTEN, and TP53. Next-generation sequencing-enabled multigene panel tensing provides information about these gene variants at the same time, and at a low cost. Although germline testing of BRCA1 and BRCA2 has become widespread in Japan, multi-panel gene testing for germline variants has been conducted only in a limited number of facilities, partly due to the difficulty associated with dealing with the gene variant information obtained from the test. The aim of this study was to clarify the current status of multigene panel testing in our institute, and reveal the characteristics of the variants detected in patients with, or predisposed to, hereditary breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included 37 individuals who underwent next-generation sequencing-based multigene panel testing in order to investigate any inherited genetic variants due to a suspicion of hereditary breast cancer. Eighteen patients had a diagnosis of breast cancer with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, nine patients had a diagnosis of breast cancer without family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and 10 patients had a family history of breast cancer but had not developed breast cancer themselves. Results: Utilizing mutigene panel testing, at least one alteration was found in 24 genes, and a total of 39 variants were found in the 37 patients. Of these 37 patients, nine (24.3%) had a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant with or without other variants of uncertain significance (VUS), 15 (40.5%) had VUS, and 13 (35.1%) had negative genetic test results. Among the nine patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants, seven had variants in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 (one BRCA1 pathogenic variant, five BRCA2 pathogenic variants, and one BRCA2 likely pathogenic variant), while the remaining positive results were attributed to other genes (one MLH1 pathogenic variant, and one SDHB pathogenic variant). VUS included BRCA1 and BRCA2, as well as other breast cancer-associated genes, such as ATM (n=2), CDH1 (n=2), NF1 (n=2), PALB2 (n=1), CHEK2 (n=1), NBN (n=1), and RAD51D (n=1). VUS also included other cancer syndrome-related genes, such as MLH1 (n=2), MUTYH (n=2), APC (n=1), and RET (n=1). Conclusion: Multigene panel tests in our institute revealed pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 24.3% of individuals who suspected hereditary breast cancer. As expected, multigene panel tests also revealed more VUS than pathogenic variants and 40.5% individuals were detected with VUS, which included many genes associated with hereditary breast cancer and other cancer syndromes, in addition to BRCA1 and BRCA2. Individuals with VUS will need to cope with new information if the interpretation of the variant changes in the future. We need to be aware of the characteristics and limitations of this type of panel testing, and to properly utilize the test results and information obtained for good quality patient care. Citation Format: Yusa Atake, Masayuki Nagahashi, Haruka Kanaoka, Akira Hattori, Ayako Bun, Reiko Fukui, Hiromi Ozawa, Yukie Fujimoto, Tomoko Higuchi, Michiko Imamura, Keiko Murase, Yuichi Takatsuka, Mina Kashima, Chiho Okada, Chinatsu Kinjo, Mikako Miyata, Ayako Miyazaki, Mako Ueda, Hiroshi Tsubamoto, Hideaki Sawai, Yasuo Miyoshi. Germline variants detected by next-generation sequencing-based multigene panel testing in patients with suspected hereditary breast cancer at a University Hospital in Japan [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-12-02.

Purpose : This study aims to investigate the status of delirium intervention in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and the perception of this delirium by medical staff.Methods : This retrospective study involves 185 patients, whereas, a descriptive survey is conducted with 197 medical staff members.Results : The delirium group includes 100 patients (54.1%). The incidence of delirium is 64.9% in the medical ICU, 65.9% in the surgical ICU, 42.4% in the neuro ICU, and 46.5% in the cardiac ICU. The percentages of delirium prevention intervention differs between the two groups: 65.0% in the delirium group and 95.3% in the non-delirium group. The medical staff recognize that delirium is a common problem in the ICU (100.0%) and requires active medical intervention (98.5%).Conclusion : The length of stay at the ICU is longer in the delirium group than in the non-delirium group. It is necessary to standardize delirium prevention and treatment protocols to be equally applicable to all ICU patients.

Brain computer interface (BCI) system empowers command over external device by retrieving brain waves and interpreting them into machine instructions. The system utilizes electroencephalogram (EEG) for receiving, processing and classifying signals to control by means of brain generated signals. The paper focuses on mental task design for BCI by acquiring the signals generated by mental activity through EEG comb electrodes, placed over three-dimensional (3D) printed headset. The experiment involved the blinking of left and right eye for the forward and backward movements of the prototype wheelchair. The experimental measurement was performed using a Cyton board where the information was transmitted through Bluetooth which were later processed and translated to the wheelchair to perform activities. The system has successfully achieved the real time control of an assistive device by using signals from the brain.

In repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), little is known about characteristics of patients with rapid ventricular tachycardia (VT). Also, whether patients with a first episode of nonrapid VT may subsequently develop rapid VT or ventricular fibrillation (VF) has not been addressed.The objectives of this study were to compare patients with rapid VT/VF with those with nonrapid VT and to assess the evolution of VT cycle lengths (VTCLs) overtime.Data were analyzed from a nationwide registry including all patients with TOF and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) since 2000. Patients with ≥1 VT episode with VTCL ≤250 ms (240 beats/min) formed the rapid VT/VF group.Of 144 patients (mean age 42.0 ± 12.7 years; 104 [72%] men), 61 (42%) had at least 1 VT/VF episode, including 28 patients with rapid VT/VF (46%), during a median follow-up of 6.3 years (interquartile range 2.2-10.3 years). Compared with patients in the nonrapid VT group, those in the rapid VT/VF group were significantly younger at ICD implantation (35.2 ± 12.6 years vs 41.5 ± 11.2 years; P = .04), had more frequently a history of cardiac arrest (8 [29%] vs 2 [6%]; P = .02), less frequently a history of atrial arrhythmia (11 [42%] vs 22 [69%]; P = .004), and higher right ventricular ejection fraction (43.3% ± 10.3% vs 36.6% ± 11.2%; P = .04). The median VTCL of VT/VF episodes was 325 ms (interquartile range 235-429 ms). None of the patients with a first documented nonrapid VT episode had rapid VT/VF during follow-up.Patients with TOF and rapid VT/VF had distinct clinical characteristics. The relatively low variation of VTCL over time suggests a room for catheter ablation without a backup ICD in selected patients with well-tolerated VT.Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03837574.

Every company will of course continue to develop and implement business benefits built to grow corporate value. Added corporate value can be implemented through CSR along with company size. The purpose of this research is to find out the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and company size on company value. All mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period were included in this research. In this study the sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique so that a sample of 19 companies was found. The data analysis technique applies panel data, while the processing uses Eviews 12.0. This research proves that CSR does not affect company value. Furthermore, the size of the company also does not affect the value of the company.

Cell migration is a cytoskeleton-driven cellular process involved in physiological and pathological events such as embryonic development and cancer metastasis. Fibroblasts have often been used to elucidate the mechanism of cell migration due to their high morphological polarity and migratory activity. We recently reported that human lung fibroblasts migrate straight for a long duration without external stimuli, which phenomenon we named intrinsic and directed migration (IDM) of fibroblasts. In this study, we explored proteins involved in IDM in order to elucidate the molecular mechanism. First, we focused on the differences in morphology and migratory behaviors between normal and immortalized fibroblasts-the former exhibit obvious polarity and IDM; the latter exhibit poorly polarized morphology and random migration. We compared the abundance of proteins functioning as the cytoskeletal components between them through proteomic analysis and found that LIM domain only protein 7 (LMO7) is overwhelmingly incorporated into the cytoskeletons of normal fibroblasts. Depletion of LMO7 inhibited the directed migration of normal fibroblast on the fibronectin (FN)-rich surface, suggesting that LMO7 is important for IDM. Moreover, on the FN-free surface, LMO7-depleted fibroblasts often failed to establish morphological polarity and hardly migrated. Thus, the present study identified LMO7 as a positive regulator of fibroblast polarization and IDM, especially in an environment where integrin-mediated substrate attachment is insufficient.

In this paper, I will detail the phenomenal problems involved in the AI era. Issues such as information bubble, post-truth, and digital prison will point to the problems that arise in an environment based on AI technology. This article will also show that, after Covid-19, the AI-based environment has changed not only as a technology as a tool for humans, but also as a condition for survival. From this, we diagnose the problems of control, monitoring, and subjection brought about by the development of AI technology and the changes to the living environment caused by the Covid-19 outbreak. Synthesizing these problematic situations, I argue that the AI-based environment is not designed to cause social change as a result of natural changes or technological progress, but as a kind of discipline mechanism. I believe that it is necessary to consider how this will affect the changes and development of human society, and that it is necessary to predict this through social structural changes. Through this process, I will discuss this concept by analogically applying them to the problems of the AI era. I would like to ask a fundamental question about whether the AI era will be able to achieve real progress for humans and human society. Moreover, through this comprehensive investigation, this article draws the conclusion that AI as a discipline device will play a critical role in producing new power.

The generation and Giese-type reaction of alanyl radicals under metal-free reaction conditions is described.

A thorough DFT investigation of over 800 small fullerenes reveals the ones with promising thermochemical properties for electronics applications.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led to a dramatic increase in the number of cases of patients with pneumonia worldwide. In this study, we aimed to develop an AI-assisted multistrategy image enhancement technique for chest X-ray (CXR) images to improve the accuracy of COVID-19 classification.Our new classification strategy consisted of 3 parts. First, the improved U-Net model with a variational encoder segmented the lung region in the CXR images processed by histogram equalization. Second, the residual net (ResNet) model with multidilated-rate convolution layers was used to suppress the bone signals in the 217 lung-only CXR images. A total of 80% of the available data were allocated for training and validation. The other 20% of the remaining data were used for testing. The enhanced CXR images containing only soft tissue information were obtained. Third, the neural network model with a residual cascade was used for the super-resolution reconstruction of low-resolution bone-suppressed CXR images. The training and testing data consisted of 1,200 and 100 CXR images, respectively. To evaluate the new strategy, improved visual geometry group (VGG)-16 and ResNet-18 models were used for the COVID-19 classification task of 2,767 CXR images. The accuracy of the multistrategy enhanced CXR images was verified through comparative experiments with various enhancement images. In terms of quantitative verification, 8-fold cross-validation was performed on the bone suppression model. In terms of evaluating the COVID-19 classification, the CXR images obtained by the improved method were used to train 2 classification models.Compared with other methods, the CXR images obtained based on the proposed model had better performance in the metrics of peak signal-to-noise ratio and root mean square error. The super-resolution CXR images of bone suppression obtained based on the neural network model were also anatomically close to the real CXR images. Compared with the initial CXR images, the classification accuracy rates of the internal and external testing data on the VGG-16 model increased by 5.09% and 12.81%, respectively, while the values increased by 3.51% and 18.20%, respectively, for the ResNet-18 model. The numerical results were better than those of the single-enhancement, double-enhancement, and no-enhancement CXR images.The multistrategy enhanced CXR images can help to classify COVID-19 more accurately than the other existing methods.

It is undeniable that humans are very dependent on water. The problem is, access to clean water evenly in the Bugis Village, Dumbo Raya District, Gorontalo City, North Sulawesi Province has not been fulfilled. In addition, the Clean and Healthy Living Movement Program initiated by the government since 2016 has not been felt by the whole community. The purpose of the Community Service activity is training in making water treatment equipment as a means of improving water quality. Meanwhile, the only affordable source of clean water that can be used is groundwater. One of the problem factors in coastal areas is the quality of clean water that does not meet health requirements (Physical parameters, namely water that is yellow and smells while the Chemical parameters, namely the average concentration of Iron (Fe) = 9.94 Mg/l and Manganese (Mn) average = 8.8 Mg/l so it also has a negative impact on human health Training and demonstration approaches but still accompanied by discussions and lectures to provide information are the methods used in programs that will be carried out to be more effective and efficient for improvement Community-Based Total Sanitation Then empowering the community will create water filtration technology Combination Water Treatment with the Filter-Aerator Method that is affordable and can be operated with minimal resources and resources using materials that are widely available in the area. The empowerment location is approximately 10 Km from Makassar City, namely Barombong Village, Ma City Kassar of South Sulawesi Province and in the Bugis Village, Kec. Dumbo Raya, City of Gorontalo, North Sulawesi Province

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) can be relieved by either laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LGJ), endoscopic stenting (SEMS) or endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy (endoscopic ultrasound-guided balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass; EPASS). This study aimed to compare the outcomes of the three treatment methods.This was a retrospective study of patients who suffered from malignant GOO between January 2012 to November 2020 that received either EPASS, LGJ or SEMS. The outcomes included the technical and clinical success, 30-day adverse events and mortality, pre and post stenting GOO scores (GOOSs), stent patency and causes of stent dysfunction.One hundred and fourteen patients were included (30 EPASS, 35 LGJ, 49 SEMS). The technical success of EPASS, LGJ and SEMS were 93.3%, 100%, 100% (P = 0.058) and clinical success rates were 93.3%, 80%, 87.8% (P = 0.276), respectively. Procedural time was longest for the LGJ group (P 0.001). The EPASS group had the shortest hospital stay (EPASS 1.5 [1-17], LGJ 7 [2-44], SEMS 5 [2-46] days, P 0.001). EPASS group also had the lowest rates of recurrent obstruction (EPASS 3.3%, LGJ 17.1%, SEMS 36.7%, P = 0.002) and re-intervention (EPASS 3.3%, LGJ 17.1%, SEMS 26.5%, P = 0.031). The 1-month GOOS was highest in the EPASS group (EPASS 3 [1-3], LGJ 3 [0-3], SEMS 2 [0-3], P = 0.028).Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy was associated with better clinical outcomes then the other two procedures. The procedure may be the best option provided that the expertise is available.

Opportunities and challenges and for women to contribute to economic growth, which can be started from micro-enterprises, expecialy for East Kalimantan as a new candidate national capital. The study analyzes the motivational factors and challenges of women entrepreneurs who run businesses in the cultural village of Pampang, East Kalimantan. Using a qualitative methodology based on in-depth interviews, providing insight into the entrepreneurship of 10 women in the Pampang cultural village when starting entrepreneurship and managing their businesses. Informans are engaged in various fields related to culture such as producing beads and selling Dayak handicrafts. The results showed that preserving the Dayak culture was the main motivation for starting a business. The challenges faced by women entrepreneurs come from informal and formal institutions. A significant challenge faced by women entrepreneurs is that their abilities as professional entrepreneurs are not recognized by the community. Informans faced emerging challenges in other aspects of the business, such as procuring finance, creating networks, and managing employees. Challenges related to formal institutions such as the lack of quality education and changes in government policies that prohibit holding meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic have reduced the number of tourists who come to the Pampang tourist village, resulting in reduced income.

We describe five asymptotically unbiased estimators of intervention effects on event rates in nonmatched and matched-pair cluster randomized trials, and we present a bias-corrected version of the estimators for use when the number of clusters is small. The estimators are the ratio of mean counts ( r 1), ratio of mean cluster-level event rates ( r 2), ratio of event rates ( r 3), double ratio of counts ( r 4), and double ratio of event rates ( r 5). r 1, r 2, and r 3 estimate the total effect, which comprises the direct and indirect effects; r 4 and r 5 estimate the direct effect. We describe a new command, crtrest, that provides these ratio estimators and their standard errors in nonmatched and matched-pair cluster randomized trials.

As complex materials are widely used in emerging technologies for environmental and energy applications, it is important to be able to quantify their stimuli-response behaviors. Light is a useful stimulus to modulate multifunctional electrochemical, magnetic, optical, and structural properties in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs); however, the underlying mechanisms and kinetics of light-induced structural changes are not well understood. Herein, a double [2 + 2] photocyclization in photoactive [Cd2(stil)2(Py2TTF)2] (stil2– = 4,4′-stilbenedicarboxylic acid, Py2TTF = 2,6-bis(4′-pyridyl)-tetrathiafulvalene) offers a powerful platform to quantitatively probe solid-state photocyclization kinetics. Variable-temperature Raman spectroscopy revealed a nonlinear temperature dependence of these parameters, which could be analyzed using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) kinetic model to yield a maximum rate observed between 0 °C and 20 °C of approximately 0.172 s–1. These results offer the first example of the quantification of the photocyclization kinetics in a MOF. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support a singlet reaction mechanism for the double [2 + 2] photocyclization, which is facilitated by the cofacial alignment of Py2TTF ligands. Establishing mechanistic and kinetic models that can be applied to multistimuli-responsive materials provides a powerful platform for their future design for applications in sensing, switching, and molecular separations.

Pandemi Covid-19 belum dicabut menandakan bahwa kejadiannya masih saja berlangsung, di sisi lain penyakit menular tertentu potensi wabah mulai bermunculan. Kebaruan kegiatan ini karena penguatan kapasitas surveilans penyakit menular tertentu yang dapat menimbulkan wabah. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah terlaksananya penguatan kapasitas surveilans bagi petugas di unit surveilans dalam pengendalian Covid-19 dan penyakit menular potensi wabah. Lokasi kegiatan mencakup dinas kesehatan provinsi/kabupaten/kota dan puskesmas terpilih se Provinsi Gorontalo. Metode pelaksanaan yaitu pelatihan/workshop, Coaching, dan Monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil penguatan kapasitas pada unit surveilans di masing-masing level menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kapasitas individu dan diikuti dengan semakin membaiknya manajemen data surveilans di tingkat provinsi, kabupaten/kota dan puskesmas, yang semula 27% menjadi 77%. Hal yang sama terjadi pada umpan balik perbaikan data laporan dari 72% menjadi 94%. Fragmentasi data antar program makin kecil dan bahkan dapat dieliminir. Jaminan tersedianya data base surveilans “evindence base” di fasilitas Kesehatan makin baik dan terdokumen dalam bentuk laporan Sistem Terpadu Penyakit (STP) dan Sistem Kewaspadaan Dini dan Respon (SKDR). Kesimpulan Puskesmas telah membuat Pemantauan Wilayah Setempat (PWS) penyakit potensi menular tertentu potensi wabah dan melakukan tahapan manajemen data dengan mempertimbangkan aspek epidemiologi berdasarkan tempat, waktu dan orang. Tampilan datanya sudah variatif berupa tabel, grafik, dengan menggunakan ukuran epidemiologi dengan tepat dan diuraikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi, insidensi rate, prevalensi rate, dan case fatality rate.Kata Kunci: Penguatan; Surveilans; Wabah.   Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has not been lifted, indicating that the event is still ongoing, on the other hand, certain infectious diseases with potential outbreaks are starting to emerge. The novelty of this activity is due to the strengthening of the surveillance capacity of certain infectious diseases that can cause outbreaks. The purpose of this community service is the implementation of strengthening surveillance capacity for officers in surveillance units in controlling Covid-19 and infectious diseases with potential outbreaks. The location of the activity includes the provincial/district/city health offices and selected health centers throughout Gorontalo Province. Implementation methods are training/workshop, coaching, and monitoring and evaluation. The results of capacity strengthening in surveillance units at each level showed an increase in individual capacity and was followed by improved surveillance data management at the provincial, district/city and puskesmas levels, which was originally 27% to 77%. The same thing happened to the report data improvement feedback from 72% to 94%. Data fragmentation between programs is getting smaller and can even be eliminated. Guarantee the availability of an "evindence base" surveillance data base in health facilities is getting better and documented in the form of a report on the Integrated Disease System (STP) and the Early Vigilance and Response System (SKDR). Conclusions Puskesmas has made Local Area Monitoring (PWS) of certain infectious potential diseases potential outbreaks and carried out data management stages by considering epidemiological aspects based on place, time and person. The data display has been varied in the form of tables, graphs, using epidemiological measures appropriately and described in the form of frequency distribution, incidence rate, prevalence rate, and case fatality rate.Keywords: Strengthening; Surveillance; Epidemic.       Â

Background and study aims Submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection (STER) is being increasingly performed for treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), while STER has been limited by close dissection within tunnel and risking breach of tumor capsule. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) allows resection of GIST with margins to prevent recurrence. This study aimed to compare EFTR against STER for treatment of gastric GIST. Patients and methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical outcomes of patients with gastric GIST who received either STER or EFTR. Patients with gastric GISTs Results From 2013 to 2019, 46 patients with gastric GISTs were treated with endoscopic resection, 26 received EFTR and 20 received STER. Most of the GISTs were in the proximal stomach. There was no difference in operative time (94.9 vs 84.9 mins; P = 0.401), while endoscopic suturing was applied more for closure after EFTR (P Conclusions This study demonstrated that although patients who received EFTR had longer hospital stays and slower resumption of diet compared to those who underwent STER, EFTR achieved a significantly higher rate of en-bloc resection compared to STER for treatment of gastric GIST.

Di Indonesia Tuberkulosis masih menjadi salah satu penyakit yang menimbulkan masalah kesehatan di masyarakat. Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan bakteri Mycrobacterium tuberculosis, yang dapat menyerang berbagai organ, terutama paru-paru. Salah satu factor yang menjadi penyebab utama TB paru yaitu lingkungan. TB akan lebih mudah menular pada orang dengan tempat tinggal yang berada di kawasan perumahan padat penghuni, kurang adanya pencahayaan sinar matahari yang masuk kerumah dan ventilasi serta struktur bangunan rumah yang tidak memadai. Kebaruan kegiatan ini karena melakukan pemberdayaan PMO melalui edukasi penularan serumah dan pemberian vitamin. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk memberikan solusi yang tepat kepada masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit TB paru dan pengendalian terhadap penderita TB paru untuk hidup lebih sehat. Metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa Edukasi, pembagian vitamin, leaflet, dan pemberian masker diberikan kepada masyarakat/keluarga penderita TB paru. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini di peroleh tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi yaitu terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan PMO mengenai Peran PMO dan pengetahuan tentang TB Paru setelah diberikan edukasi dari 7% menjadi 57% memiliki pengetahuan baik. Diperoleh diagram angka kesembuhan penderita TB Paru setelah diberikan vitamin yaitu 53% mencapai angka kesembuhan. Kesimpulan Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini memberikan peningkatan pengetahuan PMO mengenai Peran PMO dan pengetahuan tentang TB Paru.Kata Kunci : Edukasi; Vitamin; TB paru.  Abstract           In Indonesia, Tuberculosis is still one of the diseases that cause health problems in the community. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycrobacterium tuberculosis, which can attack various organs, especially the lungs. One of the factors that are the main cause of pulmonary TB is the environment. TB will be more easily transmitted to people with residences in densely populated residential areas, lack of sunlight entering the house and inadequate ventilation and structure of house buildings. The novelty of this activity is because it empowers PMO through education on household transmission and vitamin administration. The purpose of this activity is to provide the right solution to the community in an effort to prevent pulmonary TB disease and control lung TB sufferers to live healthier lives. Methods of community service activities in the form of education, distribution of vitamins, leaflets, and giving masks are given to the community / family of people with pulmonary TB. The results of this community service activity were obtained by the level of knowledge before and after education, namely there was an increase in PMO knowledge about the Role of PMO and knowledge about Pulmonary TB after being given education from 7% to 57% having good knowledge. A diagram of the cure rate of pulmonary TB patients after being given vitamins was obtained, which was 53% to reach the cure rate. Conclusion This community service activity provides an increase in PMO knowledge about the Role of PMO and knowledge about Pulmonary TB.Keywords: Education; Vitamin; pulmonary tuberculosis.

In Japan, there is a social issue associated with accidents caused by elderly drivers. Although mandatory cognitive function tests when renewing driving lessons screen for dementia, they cannot account for risk of unsafe driving due to the natural ageing process. In his work, Associate Professor Bun Yamagata, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, has been using imaging techniques such as MRI and NIRS and combining the data obtained with neuropsychological evaluations and artificial intelligence (AI) technology to better understand brain function and structural abnormalities within the brain. In partnership with ergonomics and mechanical engineering specialist Associate Professor Motoki Shino, from The University of Tokyo, he is conducting an innovative study on driving behaviours and brain atrophy patterns. By combining engineering and neuropsychology techniques the researchers will develop algorithms that predict the risk of dangerous driving behaviours in elderly drivers. In research exploring the relationship between the structural connectivity of white matter in the brain and the driving ability of healthy older people Yamagata found that changes in the white matter within the dorsal attention network may contribute to a higher risk of unsafe driving behaviours in healthy elderly people. The researchers have used machine learning to develop a model that predicts the risk of unsafe driving in healthy older people with high accuracy from neuropsychological tests and practical visual acuity.

Purpose. To apply artificial intelligence (AI) technology for predicting the earthing resistor of underground mines with consideration of climate change parameters. Methodology. In underground coal mines of Vietnam, the earthing system are everywhere equipped with individual rods combined with centralized grounding bed; this system significantly influences electrical safety and explosion safety. In daily operation, the resistor of the earthing system must be measured and tested regularly to ensure their value lower than the allowance limit (2). However, because of being affected by climate parameters (humidity and temperature in mines) this value varies frequently. By applying a new Neural Network with 3 hidden layers including variable parameters, the paper presents a new approach on predicting the earthing resistor. An algorithm is formed with visible and easily usable software for assisting the operator to predict the resistor. The prediction could be used for onsite management of a mine operator in the field of observing and testifying the earthing system in underground mines. Findings. Software is developed based on AI technology for assisting the operator to predict the value of the earthing resistor corresponding to climate change. Originality. Neural network with AI technology application is utilized relying on onsite measurements. Practical value. Prediction results could be used in case of difficulty in measurement. It will also help to correct or eliminate the measurement error from a mining technician.

General anesthesia is a medical procedure that aims to relieve pain, lose consciousness, and be predictable. General anesthesia has side effects in the form of PONV which cancause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, re-open wounds, pulmonary aspiration and delay in discharge from the hospital. To know the characteristics of general anesthesia patients, to know the degree of PONV, and to know the relationship between patient, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors who experience PONV in patients undergoing surgery under anesthesia general.The type of this research used is analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The affordable population in this study were all general anesthesia patients at Siti Rahmah Hospital Padang with 65 samples using a consecutive sampling technique. Analysis of univariate and bivariate data presented in the form of frequency and percentage distributions, data processing using the Kolgomorov Smirnov test statistical test. General anesthesia patients aged 26-35 years (24.6%), female (56.9%), no smoking history (89.2%), surgical oncology (47.7%), 60 minutes duration (67.7%), mild pain (38.5%), opioid use (92.3%). Grade 0 PONV (87.6%). The relationship of risk factors for patients experiencing PONV with age p = 0.288, gender p = 0.997, motion sickness p = 0.443, smoking history p = 0.958. Relationship of intraoperative risk factors for PONV with type of surgery p = 1,000, duration of surgery p = 0,978. The relationship between postoperative risk factors for experiencing PONV with opioid use p = 1,000, pain degree p = 1,000. Most general anesthesia patients were aged 26-35 years, most gender was female, most motion history was no history, most smoking history ie no history, the most type of surgery is oncology, the most duration is 60 minutes, the most opioid use is using, the highest degree of pain is mild.

Endocrine therapy (ET) with or without CDK4/6 inhibitors is the primary treatment choice for patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and HER2-negative subtype of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We examined the metabolic parameters identified usingWe included 136 patients with MBC treated with ET alone (n=107) or combined with CDK4/6 inhibitor (n=29) and examined using FDG-PET before treatment began. The highest maximum value of the standard uptake value (SUVmax), whole-body metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated.Progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in patients with low levels of MTV, TLG, and SUVmax than those with higher levels (median PFS 49.5 vs. 20.7 months, p=0.001 for MTV, 49.5 vs. 20.7 months, p=0.0016 for TLG, 37.0 vs. 20.7 months, p=0.012 for SUVmax). Multivariable analysis revealed that TLG (hazard ratio=6.383, 95% confidence interval=1.167-34.913, p=0.033) was independently and significantly associated with PFS. The relationship between TLG levels and PFS was significant in patients treated with ET with (p=0.0054) and without (p=0.0188) CDK4/6 inhibitor.TLG at baseline was a significant predictor for sensitivity to ET alone or combined with CDK4/6 inhibitor. These data may be useful to identify patients that would benefit from ET.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of peripheral blood biomarkers, including absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with estrogen receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer treated with the CDK4/6 inhibitors, abemaciclib and palbociclib.A total of 83 patients treated with fulvestrant plus abemaciclib or palbociclib were included in this study. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared in relation to baseline levels of ALC, NLR, PLR and CRP.The cut-off values of ALC, NLR, PLR, and CRP for PFS were determined from the receiver operating characteristic curve using the Youden index for area under the curve and set at 1,212/μl, 1.964, 170 and 0.220 mg/dl, respectively. In the abemaciclib-treated group, ALC-high patients showed significantly better PFS than ALC-low patients (p=0.0151) and multivariate analysis revealed that ALC was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (p=0.0085). In the palbociclib-treated group, there was no significant relationship between any peripheral blood biomarkers and PFS. In both treatment groups, ALC-high patients showed significantly better OS than ALC-low patients (p=0.0169 and 0.0290, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed ALC was an independent prognostic factor for OS in both abemaciclib- and palbociclib-treated groups (p=0.0112 and 0.0202, respectively).ALC is an independent prognostic factor for estrogen receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer patients treated with the CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib and palbociclib.

Under the rapid development of Phnom Penh, the pollutants control from different sources intothe main natural wetland, Tamouk lake is consequentially required for its ecosystem as well as thesustainable development. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the distribution of thepollutants from the urban canal and aquaculture farm to Tamouk lake through the analysis ofwater quality in both dry and rainy seasons. Twelve sampling sites, i.e., two from urban canals, onefrom aquaculture farm, and nine from the investigated lake, were selected for their water qualityassessment. As the results from both seasonal analyses, the maximum concentrations of totalsuspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia (NH3+) of the effluentfrom aquaculture farm and urban canal to the lake range of 107-134 mg l-1, 76-184 mg l-1, and 8.5-14.9mg l-1 in the dry season and 105-263mg l-1, 75-140 mg l-1, and 7.5-9.2 mg L-1in the rainy season,respectively. In addition, TSS and COD in the lake were only 72-93 mg l-1and 46-77mg l-1 of bothseasons, respectively, whereas NH3+ was estimated to be 7-14 times lower than that in urban canaland aquaculture farms. According to the result analysis, the lake’s water pollution was mainlycontributed by the discharge from the urban canal and aquaculture farm in both seasons. Higherrelease of pollutants from many sources during the rainy season could compensate for rainwater’sdilution effect, resulting in the high remaining of organic and nitrogen in lake water. Hence, toreduce the risk of the lake water to humans and ecosystems, the effluent from aquaculture farmsand urban water is highly suggested to have a proper treatment before discharging to the lake.

Background and ObjectivesPrevious studies have evaluated the diagnostic effect of amyloid PET in selected research cohorts. However, these studies did not assess the clinical impact of the combination of amyloid and tau PETs. Our objective was to evaluate the association of the combination of 2 PETs with changes in diagnosis, treatment, and management in a memory clinic cohort.MethodsAll participants underwent amyloid [18F]florbetaben PET and tau PET using [18F]PI-2620 or [18F]Florzolotau, which are potentially useful for the diagnosis of non-Alzheimer disease (AD) tauopathies. Dementia specialists determined a pre- and post-PET diagnosis that existed in both a clinical syndrome (cognitive normal [CN], mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and dementia) and suspected etiology, with a confidence level. In addition, the dementia specialists determined patient treatment in terms of ancillary investigations and management.ResultsAmong 126 registered participants, 84.9% completed the study procedures and were included in the analysis (CN [n = 40], MCI [n = 25], AD [n = 20], and non-AD dementia [n = 22]). The etiologic diagnosis changed in 25.0% in the CN, 68.0% in the MCI, and 23.8% with dementia. Overall changes in management between pre- and post-PET occurred in 5.0% of CN, 52.0% of MCI, and 38.1% of dementia. Logistic regression analysis revealed that tau PET has stronger associations with change management than amyloid PET in all participants and dementia groups.DiscussionThe combination of amyloid and tau PETs was associated with changes in management and diagnosis of MCI and dementia, and the second-generation tau PET has a strong impact on the changes in diagnosis and management in memory clinics.Classification of EvidenceThis study provides Class I evidence that the combination of amyloid and tau PETs was associated with changes in management and diagnosis of MCI and dementia.

1,1′-Bi-2-naphthol (BINOL)-derived chiral bifunctional sulfide and selenide catalysts that possess a hydroxy group are known to be effective catalysts for enantioselective bromolactonizations. When applied to asymmetric iodolactonizations of 4-pentenoic acids, these catalysts yield chiral γ-butyrolactone products that are important compounds in medicinal chemistry. Although chiral bifunctional selenides have shown good catalytic performances in enantioselective iodolactonizations, reactions with BINOL-derived chiral sulfide catalysts unexpectedly gave iodolactonization products in nearly racemic forms. The roles of chalcogenide moieties and hydroxy groups on bifunctional catalysts were investigated, and the importance of both a selenide moiety and a hydroxy group on chiral bifunctional selenide catalysts to achieve enantioselective iodolactonizations was clarified. An optimized chiral bifunctional selenide catalyst was applied to the asymmetric synthesis of chiral γ-butyrolactones and phthalides. Furthermore, the utility of chiral bifunctional selenides was also demonstrated in the catalytic enantioselective desymmetrizing iodolactonization of α,α-diallyl carboxylic acids., Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin, 70(9), pp. 599-604; 2022

Let H be a binary-labeled concept class. We prove that H can be PAC learned by an (approximate) differentially private algorithm if and only if it has a finite Littlestone dimension. This implies a qualitative equivalence between online learnability and private PAC learnability.