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The madrasa head is a professional official who has a strategic role in educational institutions. This study aims to: explore some strategies and efforts of madrasa heads in cultivating organizational behavior in MAN 1, Kediri. This study used a qualitative approach, with a case study design at MAN 1 Kediri City. The collection of research data was carried out through non-participant observation. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data collection, data reduction, and data presentation. This research produced two findings, the first is organizational behavior which is individual behavior in an educational organization that involves many components including teachers, staff, and employees. Madrasas play an important role in overcoming these different behaviors. the head of the madrasa at MAN 1 Kota Kediri took the method by giving assignments according to their educational background, skills, and abilities. The existence of differences in the organization can be organized and does not cause conflict within the organization. Secondly, by organizing differences in the organization, teachers can work safely, comfortably, and under control. that way the work of teachers and employees can run effectively and efficiently, and the organization can improve according to the expected goals

Kepuasan kerja merupakan sikap umum terhadap pekerjaannya. Kepuasan akan terjadi apabila kebutuhan-kebutuhan individu sudah terpenuhi, hal tersebut merupakan sikap umum yang dimiliki oleh karyawan yang erat kaitannya dengan imbalan-imbalan yang akan mereka terima setelah melakukan pekerjaan. Imbalan-imbalan dalam hal ini berupa finansial yang ditunjukkan dengan kompensasi atau gaji, tunjangan, jaminan sosial, fasilitas, dan promosi. Ketika finansial yang diberikan tidak menjamin kepuasan dalam bekerja dapat memberikan dampak bagi loyalitas seorang karyawan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Bandar Kidul Kota Kediri. Sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk (1) mengetahui tingkat kepuasan kerja pada aspek finansial, (2) mengetahui tingkat loyalitas kerja karyawan, (3) mengetahui hubungan antara kepuasan kerja pada aspek finansial dengan loyalitas kerja karyawan di Bandar Kidul Kota Kediri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan PNS dan Non PNS di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) Bandar Kidul Kota Kediri dengan jumlah 36 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua buah skala sebagai alat ukur, yaitu skala kepuasan kerja pada aspek finansial dan skala loyalitas kerja karyawan yang disusun dalam bentuk skala Likert. Data kemudian dianalis menggunakan analis korelasi product moment dan menggunakan taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) tingkat kepuasan kerja pada aspek finansial karyawan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Bandar Kidul Kota Kediri berada pada kategori sedang dengan 19 responden sebesar 53 %, dengan rata-rata (mean) sebesar 219,39, (2) tingkat loyalitas kerja karyawan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Bandar Kidul Kota Kediri berada pada kategori sedang dengan 17 responden sebesar 47 %, dengan rata-rata (mean) sebesar 213,94 (3) terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja pada aspek finansial dengan loyalitas kerja karyawan, hal tersebut dilihat pada nilai signifikansi 0,000 dimana p < 0,05 dan r = 0,620, serta nilai korelasi antara kepuasan kerja pada aspek finansial dengan loyalitas kerja karyawan sebesar 0,620 yang artinya hubungan diantara keduanya pada kategori kuat.

One of the success factors in online learning is student engagement. Therefore, the use of technology to influence student engagement in meaningful and effective learning experiences is worthy for investigation. Concept mapping is an effective knowledge construction strategy to help students. This study investigates the influence of concept maps as a formative assessment of online learning and its impact on student engagement and learning outcomes. The design of experiment used the non-equivalent comparison group pretest-posttest. It was included in the quasi-experiment to compare two different groups. The results reveal strong evidence that concept mapping not only improves learning outcomes, but also increases student engagement in all types of tested engagements, namely behavioral, emotional, and cognitive.

One of the success factors in online learning is student engagement. Therefore, the use of technology to influence student engagement in meaningful and effective learning experiences is worthy for investigation. Concept mapping is an effective knowledge construction strategy to help students. This study investigates the influence of concept maps as a formative assessment of online learning and its impact on student engagement and learning outcomes. The design of experiment used the non-equivalent comparison group pretest-posttest. It was included in the quasi-experiment to compare two different groups. The results reveal strong evidence that concept mapping not only improves learning outcomes, but also increases student engagement in all types of tested engagements, namely behavioral, emotional, and cognitive.

Drought is one of the climate change phenomena that has a profound impact on agricultural crops. Various adaptation strategies are used to deal with the impacts of climate change, one of which is the ratoon system of rice cultivation. This study aims to examine the effects of providing a combination of organic amendment and the application of PGPR on soil characteristics, growth, and yield of salibu ratoon system in the rainfed dry land. The research was conducted in Wonosari Village, Gondangrejo, Karanganyar, Central Java. This research used a complete randomized block design with three replications consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the organic amendment, which is without the addition of organic matter (C1), compost (C2), and rice husk charcoal (C3). The second factor is the PGPR treatment, which is non-inoculated PGPR (P1) and inoculated PGPR (P2). Data analysis used ANOVA level of 5% followed by Duncan’s test. The results showed that the addition of organic matter and the inoculation of PGPR affected the variable root length, yield, and biomass. The addition of organic matter and PGPR can increase crop yields and plant resistance to drought stress by maintaining soil moisture and root elongation mechanisms. Based on the research results, the addition of rice husk charcoal and PGPR inoculation is the best combination for ratoon rice cultivation in the rainfed dry land.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) are included in important spice commodities in Indonesia. The altitude and the environmental condition have an impact on the secondary metabolite content in the medicinal plants. Moreover, the current situation of climate change also affecting on the local environmental condition which is impacting on the secondary metabolite production. This research aims for determining the effects of altitude and soil characteristics on secondary metabolites. The research method was surveyed, then purposive sampling on farmlands with different altitude and soil characteristics at Karanganyar District, Indonesia. The variables observed were altitude, climate, soil characteristics (soil pH, Cation Exchange Capacity, Organic Matter, texture, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium), and secondary metabolites of turmeric and ginger (curcuminoid, gingerol, shogaol). The results indicated that the secondary metabolite of turmeric affected by altitude, soil pH, soil texture sand and soil available phosphorus. On the other hand, the secondary metabolites of ginger are affected by altitude, soil pH, soil organic matter, soil texture (silt and sand), and soil phosphorus. Turmeric and ginger in the highlands were produced more secondary metabolites compared with in lowlands.

The application of online learning has increased significantly, recently. One of the key successes in online learning is student interactions. An active learning strategy would engage the students to interact with the course or to get involved in the learning process. The objective of this research was to predict which one of the student activities that would improve the learning outcome of the students? All the activities are related to non-human interaction. One of the activities is concept mapping. All the students’ activities in online learning were stored in LMS and the data generated as a learning analytics. A linear regression method was used to analyze the data. This research confirmed that working on exercises by using concept mapping yields significant results in improving the learning outcome of students.

Da’i is agents of change who bring ideas and provide innovations for changes in people’s lives for the better. As agents of change, many abilities are needed to enable the role of preachers to successfully change society in terms of knowledge, attitudes and behavior, one of which is the ability to convey da’wah messages through tabligh and the ability to communicate. The focus of this research is how Da’i s in Sukadana, East Lampung Regency carry out proselytization and carry out missions as agents of change. This research is a phenomenological study so that the interpretive paradigm uses a phenomenological approach. Research data collection was carried out by observation, documentation and interviews, involving five Da’i as research objects. The results showed that the Da’i experience in carrying out da kwah bil hikmah was claimed to have succeeded in bringing about positive changes in the Sukadana community. Da’i s in Sukadana have outstanding abilities and are successful in their preaching by preaching bil hikmah . Their proselytization is carried out through religious, social guidance and proselytizing activities by providing information and ideas to change the Sukadana community into obedient and devout people to Allah and be accepted by other communities. Da’i s in conveying da’wah messages through tabligh in Sukadana District are under informative and educational functions with proselytizing activities through Majlis Taklim, Friday sermons and other non-formal lectures. This finding confirms that the da kwah bil hikmah should continue to be used as an ideal missionary in Islamic society.

Translator is an effort to move the meaning of the source text into the target language the transfer of meaning related to the message the writer wants to convey. Likewise in the translation of the book Ami>rah Fi> al-Mir'a>h by Lina Kaylani. The problem of translation arises when the collocation is translated by following the original Arabic pattern without adjusting to the target language, be it context, vocabulary, or sentence structure. Collocation is a permanent association between words and other words that coexist in a sentence. Mona Baker states that collocation is a rather flexible language pattern which allows several variations of form. The purpose of this study is to find the collocation expressions (‘Iba>rah al-Mutas}a>h}ibah) and how to translate it. This research results that the researcher found 23 kinds of collocation expressions and has two ways in translating them, as follows; The translator must choose the exact and appropriate words for the collocation expressions in the Arabic language, or the translator must search for their equivalence and the translator must search for the same phrase in the Indonesian language, the phrase in which it is considered accompanying.

Tesis ini berjudul “Campur Kode Dalam Komunikasi Bahasa Arab Santri Pondok Madinah Lampung Timur (Kajian Sosiolinguistik)”. Penelitian ini berawal dari percakapan bahasa bahasa Arab santri yang tidak dapat lepas dari pengaruh bahasa lokal. Penguasaan dua bahasa yang kurang seimbang sehingga seringkali terjadi penyimpangan dan memunculkan berbagai fenomena kebahasaan, salah satu diantaranya adalah fenomena campur kode dalam percakapan bahasa Arab santri. Adapun fenomena campur kode inilah merupakan topik dalam penelitian ini. Terkait dengan data campur kode yang diperoleh, peneliti memandang bahwa teori campur kode yang diajukan Muysken dapat digunakan untuk analisis data. Adapun tiga wujud campur kode yang diajukan Muysken adalah, insertion (penyisipan), alternation (alternasi) dan congruent lexicalization (leksikalisasi kongruen). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simak (pengamatan/observasi) dan cakap (wawancara). Metode simak memiliki teknik dasar yaitu teknik sadap, dan teknik lanjutan yaitu teknik simak bebas libat cakap, teknik simak libat cakap, catat, dan rekam. Sedangkan dalam metode cakap diterapkan dengan teknik pancing yang digunakan sebagai teknik dasar dan teknik rekam sebagai teknik lanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi wujud-wujud campur kode yang terdapat dalam percakapan bahasa Arab santri Pondok Madinah, dan unsur-unsur bahasa lokal yang masuk dalam bahasa Arab. Serta menyingkap beberapa hal terkait faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan munculnya campur kode. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti berusaha sedetail dan serinci mungkin dalam mengkaji dan menganalisis data. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, bahwa dalam percakapan ditemukan ketiga wujud campur kode tersebut, diantaranya adalah penyisipan sebanyak 32 penggalan ujaran, pada jenis alternasi ditemukan sebanyak 26 penggalan ujaran dan wujud campur kode leksikalisasi kongruen ditemukan sebanyak 4 penggalan ujaran. Sementara faktor yang menyebabkan munculnya campur kode terbagi menjadi dua faktor yaitu linguis dan non linguis.

Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo, occupies 73% of the land area of the island, which is the third largest island in the world. Kalimantan is subdivided into four Indonesian states. One of these states, East Kalimantan, includes the southeastern parts of the central mountain ranges of the island and lies between approximately 4° north latitude and 2° south latitude Figure 1.1. It has an area of 21 144 km2which occupies about 11% of the whole country. Despite its large area, the population of East Kalimantan, which is about 2.3 million, is only about 1% of the population of Indonesia. Nevertheless, this state has played a key role in Indonesia’s economic development and is a major earner of foreign revenue. This wealth is not due to industrial production or to agricultural plantations but to the rich reserves of natural resources: forests, oil, gas, coal, and other minerals. The exploitation of these resources, which is the main measure of the development of East Kalimantan, increased rapidly after the late 1960s. This chapter will provide the background information for this volume.

Club root caused by P. brassicae is the most important disease of Brassicaceae. In the fields, the pathogen can totally fail to harvest. The disease is difficult to control, because the pathogen can persist in soil far years although there is no host. Elimination of the pathogen in the infested soil is become an important tactic in control of soil born disease such the disease. The use of natural agents which save on environment is one of the interesting methods to develop. One of them is rock salt (NaCl). An evaluation of the effectiveness of NaCl for elimination of club root pathogen and its impact on growth of Chinese cabbage as indicator plant has been conducted. A mount of 13 factorial treatments consisted of 5 levels of concentration and 5 levels of frequency of dreanching application have been evaluated. The result showed that the soil drenching of NaCl dilution with some concentration and time application were effective to control club root on Chinese cabbage. A concentration of 0,5-1% NaCl could be considerable for control of club root on Chinese cabbage. Soil drenching of NaCl solution on two or one weeks before planting could be considerable in control of club root.