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Introducción. Los síndromes de cáncer de mama hereditario (SCMH) corresponden a un 5% a 10% de todos los casos de la enfermedad, en su mayoría explicados por mutaciones en los genes BRCA1 y BRCA2. Se han publicado múltiples guías y recomendaciones internacionales actualizadas, con el fin de dar lineamientos para seleccionar los casos con sospecha de un SCMH. Como antecedentes locales, el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia cuenta con un “Programa institucional para la identificación y manejo de familias con sospecha de cáncer hereditario”, con fines asistenciales, dentro del cual el cáncer de mama es la patología más remitida al servicio de genética (55%; 540/986). En el 21% de los casos con cáncer de mama que cumplieron criterios NCCN se diagnosticó un SCMH, la mayoría asociados a mutaciones en los genes BRCA1 y BRCA2 (12,3%) y en menor proporción a otros genes de susceptibilidad al cáncer de mama (8,6%).Objetivo. Identificar los criterios de selección más implementados para diagnosticar los casos de cáncer de mama hereditarios a través de una revisión de la literatura, y realizar un consenso Institucional sobre las indicaciones de remisión a consejería genética y solicitud de pruebas para fines diagnósticos y de tratamiento sistémico con iPARP.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura científica publicada en los últimos 10 años, al 30 de agosto del 2021, sobre la prevalencia de mutaciones germinales en los genes BRCA1 y BRCA2, y en otros genes no BRCA, en pacientes con cáncer de mama, obteniéndose en total 146 y seleccionándose un total de 41 artículos. En el interior de las unidades funcionales de mama y tejidos blandos, genética y oncología clínica, se presentó la evidencia disponible, realizando una discusión amplia entre las tres unidades y finalmente se definieron las indicaciones para remisión a genética, para solicitar estudios genéticos y de tratamiento sistémico con iPARP.Resultados. Según lo reportado en la literatura, los principales criterios de sospecha de un SCMH deben incluir: el subtipo triple negativo, la presentación bilateral, la edad muy temprana de diagnóstico y los antecedentes familiares (AF) de cáncer de mama antes de los 50 años o cáncer de ovario a cualquier edad.Conclusiones. Se adoptan las recomendaciones de la NCCN para la remisión a consejería genética y solicitud de estudios genéticos para identificar cáncer de mama hereditario, y se establecen los criterios del estudio OlympiA para la solicitud de estudios genéticos con el fin de guiar el tratamiento sistémico con iPARP en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Lo anterior permitirá que desde nuestra Institución se ofrezca adecuadamente este servicio a la población colombiana.

Objetivo: Establecer el nivel de conocimientos sobre los métodos anticonceptivos en los alumnos de la carrera de medicina, aplicando cuestionarios a los estudiantes. Material y Métodos: Este trabajo de investigación corresponde a un estudio cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo, se consideraron 84 estudiantes de nivel superior, los datos obtenidos a través de la encuesta fueron favorables. Conclusiones: se concluyó que los estudiantes de primero y segundo año de la licenciatura en medicina de la Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca (FEPZH), tiene un nivel de conocimiento alto de la población total encuestadas, acerca de los métodos anticonceptivos.

Twitter sirve plataforma a movimientos feministas como #MeeToo y potencia el uso del lenguaje inclusivo con textismos específicos que utilizan la -@ y -x como marca de género inclusivo. Se estudia el uso de docentes que trabajan con adolescentes de estas marcas en comunidades educativas virtuales en Twitter mediante minería de datos y análisis de texto. Los resultados muestran un elevado uso de -@ y -x entre los docentes en sus interacciones, lo que los convierte en modelos de la adopción de propuestas lingüísticas innovadoras por la igualdad que posteriormente pueden ser adoptadas por los adolescentes en sus comunicaciones digitales.

The number of unaccompanied foreign minors (Menor Extranjero No Acompañado, MENA) in Spain has risen, which has led to them being the subject of discriminatory language and negative stereotyping on Twitter. This study analyses the characteristics of hate speech against MENA on the social platform Twitter and seeks to identify its triggers. A quantitative analysis using text mining and text analytics was performed on 10,776 tweets mentioning MENA published from January 2018 to March 2021. The study concluded that hate speech was built around the terms criminal, rape and steal, and was characterized by use of language that stripped these minors of the features usually attributed to children, a process which can be described as adultification. Similarly, the analysis revealed that the main trigger of hate speech was the way in which the media reported violent crimes attributed to MENA, displaying what was perceived as positive bias towards their integration.

El Observatorio de Empleo de la Universidad de Málaga forma parte del Servicio de Empleabilidad y Emprendimiento de la Universidad de Málaga. Nace con el objetivo de establecer un sistema permanente de recogida de datos, análisis y posterior emisión de informes sobre la trayectoria profesional de los titulados universitarios. Su misión es indagar sobre el acceso y mantenimiento en el mercado laboral de los egresados de la UMA, anticipando oportunidades y dificultades, ayudando a la toma de decisiones en materia de formación y acciones de orientación y asesoramiento, así como proporcionando datos a todos los agentes implicados. Con el fin de recabar toda esta información, se elaboran anualmente una serie de informes de inserción segmentados por ramas de conocimiento y tipo de estudios (grado, primer y segundo ciclo, máster y doctorado). Teniendo en cuenta que se necesitan en torno a tres años a partir de la conclusión de los estudios para estabilizar la situación laboral, la encuesta se realiza después de haber terminado la titulación, siendo en este caso la población objeto de estudio los 7.585 egresados durante el curso 2014/15, 207 Doctorados, 1.304 Máster y 2.066 Primer y Segundo Ciclo (titulaciones antiguas, en adelante “PSC”) y 4.008 Grados. La mayoría (el 58,30%) son mujeres y un 41,70% hombres. En adelante, Grado/ PSC van a ir unidos por la similitud de ambos colectivos.

miniBELEN is a modular and transportable neutron moderated counter with a nearly flat neutron detection efficiency up to 10 MeV. Modularity implies that the moderator can be reassembled in different ways in order to obtain different types of response. The detector has been developed in the context of the Measurement of Alpha Neutron Yields (MANY) collaboration, which is a scientific effort aiming to carry out measurements of (alpha,n) production yields, reaction cross-sections and neutron energy spectra. In this work we present and discuss several configurations of the miniBELEN detector. The experimental validation of the efficiency calculations using 252Cf sources and the measurement of the 27Al(alpha,n)30P reaction is also presented., Comment: 15th International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology (ND2022)

miniBELEN-10A is a modular and transportable moderated neutron counter with a nearly flat detection efficiency up to 8 MeV. The detector was designed to carry out measurements of (alpha, n) reactions in the context of the Measurement of Alpha Neutron Yields (MANY) project. In this work we present the results of the commissioning of miniBELEN-10A using the relatively well-known thick-target neutron yields from 27Al(alpha, n)30P.

Abstract Extending the shelf-life and ensuring microbiological safety of food products while preserving the nutritional properties are key aspects that must be addressed. Heat processing of food matrices has been the golden standard during the last decades, while certain non-thermal processing options have recently gained ground. In the present study, experimental pulsed light (PL) surface inactivation treatments of Salmonella enteritidis on almonds kernels are performed. The PL system is set to test different operative conditions, namely power (1000, 1250, and 1500 W) and frequency (1.8, 3.0, and 100.0 Hz) at different treatment times (from 5 to 250 s), which result in applied fluence doses in the 0–100 J·cm−2 range. Additionally, temperature measurements are collected at each operative condition on the almond surface (using infrared (IR) thermography) and at the superficial layer of the almond (1-mm depth using a thermocouple). The observed PL inactivation kinetics are then modelled using four different models. The best goodness-of-fit is found for the two-parameter Weibull model (R2 > 0.98 and RMSE Graphical Abstract

This article examines preservice Spanish teachers’ perceptions of linguistic sexism, norm, and use in Spanish. Analysis of 723 participants’ answers showed that sexism and linguistic non-adequacy w...

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo, es estudiar la forma como se ha atendido por parte del Estado colombiano, el problema de las drogas ilegales, centrando la atención en la marihuana, es decir, analizar las políticas públicas relacionadas con la criminalización o la atención, distinguiendo dos enfoques, el primero como un problema de seguridad, acompañado de la criminalización del consumo, y el segundo, visto como un problema de salud pública y que requiere atención médica y social. Para este propósito, se empleó una metodología cualitativa, en donde se utilizó la técnica de análisis documental de literatura especializada, normatividad, jurisprudencia. Dentro de las conclusiones se puede destacar a la influencia internacional para la adopción de medidas, puntualmente de Estados Unidos, la Unión Europea y organismos internacionales, así como el populismo punitivo, como método de justificación y argumentación del enfoque de la política pública, dejando de lado a la evidencia empírica y a la experiencia histórica. Abstract The objective of this review article is to study how the Colombian State has dealt with the problem of illegal drugs, focusing attention on marijuana, that is, to analyze public policies related to criminalization or care, distinguishing two approaches, the first as a security problem, accompanied by the criminalization of consumption, and the second, seen as a public health problem that requires medical and social attention. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology was used, where the technique of documentary analysis of specialized literature, regulations and jurisprudence was employed. Among the conclusions we can highlight the international influence for the adoption of measures, specifically from the United States, the European Union and international organizations, as well as punitive populism, as a method of justification and argumentation of the public policy approach, leaving aside empirical evidence and historical experience.

ResumenLos maestros laicos con escuela pública constituyeron una minoría en la escena pedagógica y lingüística española de los siglos XVI y XVII. Este estudio propone la consideración de los manuales de escritura y aritmética, publicados exclusivamente por maestros con escuela pública distanciados por diversos motivos de la corte española, como un género alternativo y minoritario. La transdisciplinariedad de estas obras y la singularidad de sus autores se representan en el término “maestro científico”, que fue acuñado en una de estas artes. Estos autores y sus obras anticipan a los maestros ilustrados y ofrecen una visión diferente e inexplorada de la alfabetización en el Siglo de Oro español.

En el avance por la igualdad de género atender a uno de sus frentes como es el lenguaje sexista continúa siendo un reto fundamental. Así, la educación y, en concreto, el profesorado se convierten en un factor fundamental para el cambio hacia un lenguaje no sexista (LNS). Este trabajo pretende analizar la actitud que tienen los futuros docentes durante su formación inicial hacia el LNS así como el uso de procedimientos lingüísticos inclusivos. La metodología utilizada se basa en la lingüística del corpus y el análisis de contenidos. Se han analizado 262 textos argumentativos de estudiantes de los grados de Educación Infantil y Primaria de diferentes universidades, y para el análisis de los datos se han empleado herramientas cualitativas y cuantitativas. Los resultados muestran que el masculino genérico es ampliamente usado entre quienes muestran una actitud de rechazo al LNS; no obstante, entre quienes manifiestan una actitud favorable al LNS, los índices de uso del masculino genérico superaban nítidamente a los procedimientos inclusivos. Estos datos indican que, en el contexto de la formación inicial del profesorado, las diferentes políticas de difusión y fomento del LNS conseguirían sensibilizar a más de la mitad de estos destinatarios., As far as gender equality is concerned, addressing one of its fronts—sexist language—is still one of the key challenges to deal with. Education in general and the teaching staff in particular are a crucial factor in terms of non-sexist language (NSL). This paper attempts to analyze future teachers’ attitude throughout their initial training as regards NSL and the use of inclusive linguistic procedures. The methodology used in preparing this study is corpus-based linguistics and content-based analysis. 262 argumentative texts written by undergraduates of Early Childhood and Primary Education from different universities have been analyzed. In order to carry out data analysis qualitative and quantitative tools have been used. The results reveal that generic masculine is widely used by those who show a negative attitude towards non-sexist language. However, generic masculine is much more used than inclusive procedures by those who show a positive attitude towards non-sexist language. These data indicate that, within the context of initial teachers’ training, using different policies of NSL-oriented dissemination and promotion could contribute to sensitizing more than half of the addressee.

Introducción y objetivo: Los videos, como material didáctico complementario, pueden reemplazar parte de las horas de docencia y ayudar en la adquisición de conocimientos en Otorrinolaringología. Para ello se pretende analizar el impacto de la visualización de 4 videos en el resultado de 6 preguntas específicas del examen teórico de la asignatura y evaluar la percepción de estos videos. Método: Estudio analítico cuasi experimental transversal realizado en 213 estudiantes de Otorrinolaringología de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid divididos en 2 grupos: grupo intervención y grupo control. Las diferencias en el rendimiento en las 6 preguntas entre ambos grupos se determinaron mediante la prueba χ² o el test exacto de Fisher, con un valor de significación p

This article analyzes the written expression in WhatsApp-type instant messaging applications of Andalusian adolescents who are in the last years of compulsory education in Spain. It aims to establish the relationship between the most relevant characteristics of the digital norm used by Andalusian adolescents in their communications through WhatsApp and the dialectal characteristics of their variety of Spanish. Additionally, this study intends to determine whether the writing norm in instant messaging applications influences the standard orthography of Spanish in school texts. A quantitative methodology has been used, analyzing objective data and carrying out a systematic and structured information collection process. A descriptive research design was employed using textual content analysis. The results show that the dialectal linguistic identity of Andalusian adolescent speakers on WhatsApp is mainly identified with suprasegmental linguistic features such as intonation and rhythm. Textisms related to the loss of the intervocalic -d- stand out, as well as those which reproduce the different realizations of the phonemes /s/ and /ʝ/. These features characterize the norm used by adolescent Andalusian speakers and coincide with the features that distinguish their way of pronouncing Spanish. The results show that these textisms are not related to the standard orthography of Spanish and do not cause non-standard orthography.

espanolEste estudio expone la posibilidad de abordaje de un texto multimodal a partir de la integracion del concepto de pathos. De ahi que busque ver la manera en la que los modos del corpus se integran para dar sosten a un efecto sensibilizador en quien lee. La metodologia que se propone corresponde a la propuesta de la Gramatica de la Multimodalidad y del concepto de “sinestesia” de Cope y Kalantzis. Ademas, se plantea un analisis aplicado de la propuesta del influjo de las emociones en la audiencia a partir de Aristoteles y Plantin. Las dos propuestas mencionadas se articulan con el problema de la construccion de la verdad en ambitos de violencia politica en Colombia, atravesados por los medios de comunicacion y por la validacion de multiples juegos de veridiccion sobre lo real. EnglishThis article shows a multimodal text approach possibility based on the integration of the pathos concept. Therefore, it seeks for the ways in which the corpus' modes integrate themselves to give support to a sensitizing effect in thereader. The proposed methodology corresponds to Cope y Kalantzis’grammar of multimodality and the conceptof synesthesia. Furthermore, an applied analysis, based on Aristotle and Plantin, about emotions impact in the audience, is proposed. Both mentioned proposals are articulated with the truth construction problem related to political violence fields in Colombia, which are pierced by the media and the validation of multiple veridiction games about the reality.

This work allowed us to estimate the space-time variations of the apparent resistivity (AR) at the USME station of the Red Sismológica de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (RSUNAL), located in the center of Colombia at the Eastern Cordillera, and correlate these changes with seismic activity within a radius of 500 km to the station.This project used recorded time series of the natural earth’s electric and magnetic field, processed its data with a computational algorithm of our own (which follows the magnetotelluric (MT) method’s fundamentals), and yielded positive results for the 6.1 Mw earthquake of December 24th, 2019 in Mesetas (Meta - Colombia) with some anomalies registered 8 hours before the mainshock. Although there is just one abnormal behavior for 1 of 5 study cases, it is seen in a good way a possible relation between the magnitude of the event and the AR anomaly as an input to the study of seismic precursors.

The article analyses the use of GFL in a corpus of 187 academic texts created by pre-service teachers. It reveals how participants reached a balance between the recommendations of GFL guides and th...

The nature of the 1 − and 2 − excited states in Be 10 is studied using the Be 11 ( p , d ) transfer reaction in inverse kinematics at 10A MeV at TRIUMF ISAC-II, in particular to assess whether either of them can be considered as an excited halo state. The angular distributions for both states are extracted using deuteron- γ coincidences and analyzed using a transfer model taking into account one-step and two-step processes. A good fit of the angular distributions is obtained considering only the one-step process, whereby an inner p 3 / 2 neutron of Be 11 is removed, leaving the halo neutron intact. Higher-order processes however cannot be rejected. The small spectroscopic factors extracted suggest that the structure of both states is not uniquely halo-like, but rather display a more complex configuration mixing cluster and halo structures. Further insights are limited, as this experiment specifically probed the halo-like (but not cluster-like) Be 11 ( 1 / 2 + ) ⊗ ( ν p 3 / 2 ) − 1 configuration in both states.

Background: The population and decay of two-nucleon resonances offer exciting new opportunities to explore dripline phenomena. A proper understanding of these systems requires a solid description of the three-body (core+N+N) continuum. The identification of a state with resonant character from the background of nonresonant continuum states in the same energy range poses a theoretical challenge. Purpose: Establish a robust theoretical framework to identify and characterize three-body resonances in a discrete basis, and apply the method to the two-neutron unbound system Be16. Method: A resonance operator is proposed, which describes the sensitivity to changes in the potential. Resonances, understood as normalizable states describing localized continuum structures, are identified from the eigenstates of the resonance operator with large negative eigenvalues. For this purpose, the resonance operator is diagonalized in a basis of Hamiltonian pseudostates, which in the present work are built within the hyperspherical harmonics formalism using the analytical transformed harmonic oscillator basis. The energy and width of the resonance are determined from its time dependence. Results: The method is applied to Be16 in a Be14+n+n model. An effective core+n potential, fitted to the available experimental information on the binary subsystem Be15, is employed. The 0+ ground state resonance of Be16 presents a strong dineutron configuration. This favors the picture of a correlated two-neutron emission. Fitting the three body interaction to the experimental two-neutron separation energy |S2n|=1.35(10) MeV, the computed width is Γ(0+)=0.16 MeV. From the same Hamiltonian, a 2+ resonance is also predicted with r(2+)=2.42 MeV and Γ(2+)=0.40 MeV. Conclusions: The dineutron configuration and the computed 0+ width are consistent with previous R-matrix calculations for the true three-body continuum. The extracted values of the resonance energy and width converge with the size of the pseudostate basis and are robust under changes in the basis parameters. This supports the reliability of the method in describing the properties of unbound core+N+N systems in a discrete basis., This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), under Projects No. FIS2017-88410-P, No. FPA2016-77689-C2-1-R, and No. FIS2014-51941-P and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant No. 654002.

New experimental results for the elastic scattering of 6 He on 64Zn at incident energies of 15.0 and 18.0 MeV and 4 He at 17.5 MeV along with results already published at 10.0 and 13.6 MeV, are presented. Elastic and α experimental cross sections are compared with coupled-reaction-channel, continuum-discretized coupledchannel, and DWBA inclusive-breakup models. The large yield of α particles observed at all measured energies can be explained by considering a nonelastic breakup mechanism., This work was partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER funds (Projects No. FIS2014-53448-C2-1-P, No. FIS2017-88410-P, and No. FPA2016-77689-C2-1-R) and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 654002.

Extending the shelf-life and ensuring microbiological safety of food products while preserving the nutritional properties are key aspects that must be addressed. Heat processing of food matrices has been the golden standard during the last decades, while certain non-thermal processing options have recently gained ground. In the present study, experimental pulsed light (PL) surface inactivation treatments of Salmonella enteritidis on almonds kernels are performed. The PL system is set to test different operative conditions, namely power (1000, 1250, and 1500 W) and frequency (1.8, 3.0, and 100.0 Hz) at different treatment times (from 5 to 250 s), which result in applied fluence doses in the 0–100 J·cm−2 range. Additionally, temperature measurements are collected at each operative condition on the almond surface (using infrared (IR) thermography) and at the superficial layer of the almond (1-mm depth using a thermocouple). The observed PL inactivation kinetics are then modelled using four different models. The best goodness-of-fit is found for the two-parameter Weibull model (R2 > 0.98 and RMSE

L’humanite est a la croisee des chemins : nous faisons face a la fois aux opportunites offertes par un ensemble de technologies puissantes et naissantes qui transformeront radicalement notre facon de vivre, et aussi aux defis qu’elles posent. Le rythme accelere auquel les technologies, comme l’intelligence artificielle (IA), la biotechnologie, la robotique, l’automatisation, les nouveaux materiaux et l’informatique quantique, sont developpes transforme deja les systemes que nous tenons aujourd’hui pour acquis. Qu’il s’agisse de nos modes de production, du transport des marchandises, des services ou de la maniere dont nous communiquons, collaborons ou meme elisons nos gouvernements, les changements technologiques rapides – qui surviennent a un rythme exponentiel – modifient la facon dont nous experimentons le monde dans lequel nous vivons.

Humanity is at a crossroads: we face both the opportunities and challenges of a range of powerful and emerging technologies that will drive radical shifts in the way we live. The accelerated pace at which technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), biotechnology, robotics, automation, advanced materials and quantum computing are developing, is already transforming the systems that we take for granted today. From how we produce and transport goods and services to the way we communicate, collaborate or even elect our governments, rapid technological change—which often happens at an exponential pace—is reshaping how we experience the world around us.

Part of a collection: Focus Point on Small and Medium and Particle Accelerator Facilities in Europe, The Centro Nacional de Aceleradores is a user-oriented accelerator facility in Seville, Spain. Its main facilities are a 3 MV tandem accelerator, an 18 MeV proton Cyclotron, a tandetron used for AMS, a compact accelerator used for radiocarbon measurements, a Co irradiator and a PET/CT scanner. The technical specifications and research applications of these facilities are described. A neutron beam line associated to a charged pulsed beam in the tandem allows for time of flight measurements which determine the neutron energy. The use of an adequate stripper gas in the AMS tandetron permits to measure heavy radionuclides with very low detection levels, allowing to perform environmental studies using these radionuclides as tracers. The use of the microbeam in the tandem accelerator allows to apply the ion beam-induced current technique to investigate the spectroscopic properties and radiation hardness of different semiconductor detectors., Also the funding made available for infrastructures through the ICTS program of the Spanish ministry of science, making use of FEDER funds from the European Union. The continuous support of CNA patrons, the University of Seville, the Junta de Andalucía and CSIC is acknowledged. Private funds, through contracts with companies and institutions, such as Curium, Alter technologies, and the andalusian health service (SAS), made possible to maintain contracts of key personnel. We acknowledge the funding of projects by the European Union, H2020-847594, H2020-654002, H2020-847552, H2020-847594 , by the Spanish ministry of science RTI2018-098117-B-C21, RTC-2017-6369-3, EQC2018-004193-P, EQC2018-004095-P, EQC2018-004166-P, PGC2018-094546-B-I00, and by the Junta de Andalucía FEDER progrem US-1261006, US-1263369, P18-RT-1900.

In 1985, Hussein and McVoy [Nuc. Phys. A445 (1985) 124] elucidated a formula for the evaluation of the nonelastic breakup (“stripping”) contribution in inclusive breakup reactions. The formula, based on the spectator core model, acquires a particularly simple and appealing form in the eikonal limit, to the extent that it has become the standard procedure to analyze single-nucleon knockout reactions at intermediate energies. In this contribution, a critical assessment of this formula is presented and its connection with other, noneikonal expressions discussed. Some calculations comparing the different formulae are also presented for the one-nucleon removal of $$^{14}$$ O+ $$^{9}$$ Be reaction at several incident energies.

The nature of the 1− and 2− excited states in 10Be is studied using the 11Be(p, d) transfer reaction in inverse kinematics at 10A MeV at TRIUMF ISAC-II, in particular to assess whether either of them can be considered as an excited halo state. The angular distributions for both states are extracted using deuteron-γ coincidences and analyzed using a transfer model taking into account one-step and two-step processes. A good fit of the angular distributions is obtained considering only the one-step process, whereby an inner p3/2 neutron of 11Be is removed, leaving the halo neutron intact. Higher-order processes however cannot be rejected. The small spectroscopic factors extracted suggest that the structure of both states is not uniquely halo-like, but rather display a more complex configuration mixing cluster and halo structures. Further insights are limited, as this experiment specifically probed the halo-like (but not cluster-like) 11Be(1/2+) ⊗ (ν p3/2 ) −1 configuration in both states. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE): DE-FG03-93ER40789 (Colorado School of Mines), DE-FG02-96ER40978 (Louisiana State), DE-SC0021422 (Michigan State), DE-AC05-00OR22725 (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) The National Nuclear Security Administration a través de los acuerdos de cooperación del DOE de EE. UU.(NNSA) DE-FG52-08NA28552 The National Science Foundation PHY-1811815 (Michigan State) Ministerio español de Ciencia e Innovación y fondos FEDER. RTI2018-098117-B-C21 y PGC2018-096994-BC21 Agencia Española de Investigación (AEI). PID2019-104714GB-C21

A realisation of coordinates and momenta in the algebraic space to describe vibrational excitations of ν-equivalent oscillators is obtained. The connection between algebraic and configuration spaces is carried out using the approach recently proposed [Mol. Phys. (2017), doi:10.1080/00268976.2017.1358829]. The realisation consists in an expansion in terms of the dynamical algebra generators with coefficients determined through a minimisation procedure and given in terms of matrix elements defined in configuration space. Two realisations are presented: one through an isomorphism with a harmonic oscillators basis and the second one using a mapping to Morse oscillators. In the case of the harmonic oscillator mapping, two chains associated with coordinate and momentum representation have been identified. Our approach allows us to establish the algebraic representation of any interaction and, consequently, of the Hamiltonian associated with ν-interacting oscillators, providing a formal approach to estimate the potential energy surface., This work is partially supported by DEGAPA-UNAM (Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Mexico, under project IN-227017, by Spanish Consejería de Economía, Inovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía (Agencia de Innovación y Desarrollo de Andalucía) [grant numbers FQM-160, P11-FQM-7632] and by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER funds under projects FIS2017-88410-P and FPA2016-77689-C2-1-R.

El objetivo de la investigación estuvo dirigido a determinar las posibles relaciones multimodales que se establecen entre la ictiofauna fluvial y las poblaciones larvales de culícidos con las diferentes variables ecológicas en ecosistemas fluviales de la provincia Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. De un universo total de 130 ecosistemas fluviales, distribuidos en los ocho municipios de la provincia, se muestrearon 90 reservorios, donde se realizaron seis muestreos, que abarcaron el periodo comprendido desde el año 2000 hasta el 2011 y se tuvieron en cuenta, tanto variables abióticas como bióticas. De acuerdo con el análisis, el factor que más distinguió los hábitats fue la contaminación, que generó diferencias muy significativas, dividiendo los hábitats en dos grandes estratos. Se constató que los factores bióticos y abióticos son capaces de explicar la presencia o ausencia de peces endémicos y naturalizados, con un 77% de certeza, donde las variables determinantes para la presencia de estos peces son, en primer lugar, la ausencia de contaminación, la pendiente, la abundancia de la vegetación y el movimiento del agua, mientras que para los exóticos, la contaminación fue la variable más discriminante, pero con signo negativo. En la investigación quedó evidenciada la estrecha relación existente entre las poblaciones larvales de culícidos con la ictiofauna fluvial, donde los ecosistemas fluviales de mayores dimensiones, con movimiento del agua/corriente (lótico) y lénticos, presencia de especies exóticas de peces, altas cargas de contaminación y abundante vegetación fueron los que incidieron o no en la regulación de las densidades poblacionales de mosquitos.

A specially prepared Si/He thin solid film was investigated as a suitable target for experimental studies on nuclear reactions involving 4He targets. For that purpose, the elastically scattered 4He recoil coming from the reaction 6Li + 4He at incident energy of 5.5 MeV was measured. The differential cross section of 6Li on 4He has been found to be fully consistent with previous measurements in the literature. The prospective advantages of using these solid He targets in experiments at radioactive beam facilities are discussed., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and co-financed by EU FEDER funds under the following grants: FPA2016-77689-C2-1-R, RTI2018-098117-B-C21, RTI2018-093871-B-I00, PGC2018-096994-B-C22, PGC2018-096994-B-C21 and US-1261006. CSIC support under grant PIE-201760E002 is also acknowledged.

An algebraic approach based on the unitary (Formula presented.) algebra is proposed to describe 3D systems for effective potentials. Our approach is based on the 3D vibron model where the addition of a scalar boson is introduced into the space of a 3D harmonic oscillator. Our approach is based on the mapping between the (Formula presented.) dynamical symmetry and the harmonic oscillator states. A minimisation procedure is used in order to determine the coefficients involved in the algebraic expansions. This allows the kets associated with the different subgroup chains to be linked to energy, coordinate and momentum representations. As an application of this approach the eigensystem of the 3D-Morse potential is analysed in detail. The analyses of inertia moments as well as the dipole moment strengths are also included. To show the convenience of this approach, a comparison with one ab-initio calculation for vibrational and rotational levels for O (Formula presented.) is presented in the framework of an analytical potential. In addition, a notch test is done to show how the formalism allows to check the sensitivity of the ro-vibrational results as a function of the precise structure of the potential energy surface as a function of r., This work is partially supported by Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (DGAPA-UNAM), México, under project IN- 227017, by Spanish Consejería de Economía, Inovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía [grant number FQM-160], by the Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidad, Junta de Andalucía and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6105/UGR, and by the Spanish Minis-terio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER funds under projects FIS2017-88410-P and FPA2016-77689-C2-1-R. First author is also grateful for the scholarship (Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales) provided by CONACyT, México.

Bajo la hipótesis de que los hablantes jóvenes son más tolerantes hacia los textismos y su inclusión en el aula, se analiza la percepción de la influencia de los textismos en la ortografía de una muestra de 264 profesores en formación pertenecientes a la Generación Z, alfabetizados en un entorno de escritura digital. Los resultados indican que, aunque los participantes consideran que los textismos se deben incluir en el aula como recurso didáctico, simultáneamente piensan que son perjudiciales para la ortografía y los deben corregir. Los resultados del estudio muestran también que la percepción de los participantes varía según las diferentes categorías de textismos. Los valores normativos de los grafemas en la escritura culta se consideran más dañinos para la ortografía. Sin embargo, los elementos multimodales y los que no alteran la relación entre fonemas y grafemas gozan de una mayor tolerancia. Se concluye que desde la universidad se debe dotar a los profesores en formación de las competencias necesarias para que sean capaces de superar los prejuicios asociados a los textismos e incorporarlos a su práctica docente. Following the hypothesis that younger university students adopt a more tolerant attitude towards textisms and their introduction in the classroom, this work analyses the perception of textisms on spelling of 264 students op pedagogy belonging to the Z Generation, educated in a digital writing environment. Results show that even if textisms are considered a didactic resource to be introduced in the classroom, simultaneously, they were are believed prejudicial for spelling, and consequently, participants believed that they must be corrected. Results also indicate that participants’ attitude varies depending on the different categories of textisms: those textisms differing from the normative values of graphemes in the academic writing are thought to be more harmful to spelling. However, multimodal elements and those not modifying the relationship between phonemes and graphemes enjoy a higher degree of tolerance. One of the main conclusions of the study is that the university should provide future teachers with the necessary competences to overcome preconceived ideas and include new writing forms in the classroom.

An approach aimed to connect configuration and algebraic spaces is discussed. This approach emerges as the need to translate a vibrational description in configuration space to an algebraic representation based on unitary dynamical algebras, where a straightforward connection does not exist e.g. the vibron model case. Our method is based on the mapping of the algebraic to configuration states, a premise that allows arbitrary operators in configuration to be expanded in terms of generators of the dynamical algebra. The coefficients are determined through a minimisation procedure and given in terms of matrix elements defined in configuration space. We apply the general formalism to the Morse potential, representing anharmonic vibrations in a molecule, as a benchmark case where a dynamical symmetry exits, and to the symmetric double-Morse potential, representing vibrations that can tunnel through a potential barrier, as an example in which a dynamical symmetry is not present. We discuss how the tunne...

Objective: to identify the elements and strategies used in the commission of the crime of theft, in relation to the three dimensions described by Garrido (2011) as constituent of the modus operandi of the offender: "to protect the identity - achieve successfully the aggression and facilitate escape after the aggression". Method: the study dealt with a group of 63 inmates of two penitentiary and prison institutions of the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. 14.54% of the sample corresponded to the female sex and 85.46% were males, with an average age of 26.88 and a standard deviation of 7.59 years. Results: we used a multiple correspondence analysis which demonstrates that there are similar characteristics that are grouped around each dimension. This allows to describe some preferences in the strategies used by the offender in the criminal act. Finally, the women in this study did not adjust to the category protect identity, constitutive of the modus operandi.

This study analyses the perception of the norm used in text messages among Italian university students, and its effects on the acquisition of orthographic competence in adolescent speakers. 107 graduate students from 48 provinces participated in the survey. Data were collected administering a 39 item ad hoc questionnaire. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to gather construct validity of the developing instrument. The classification for italiano digitato textisms is confirmed by psycometric properties. The qualitative analysis showed a high degree of rejection in the educational context, although this writing norm was not considered as prejudicial to texts drafted by the participants of the study. The results revealed that the participants have a negative assessment of textisms related to the graphic and phonological level, while they accept textisms related to lexical and semantic level. Also, the dialectalisms are confirmed as relevant textisms in Italian digital writing.

A systematic study of total fusion involving the weakly bound nuclei 6,7Li with several light to heavy mass targets at Coulomb energies is presented. Emphasis is given to the role of resonance states (l=2,Jπ=3+,2+,1+ of 6Li and l=3,Jπ=7/2−,5/2− of 7Li) on the total fusion excitation function. A comparative analysis of the effects of resonant breakup on total fusion is performed for both projectiles, using the Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channel (CDCC) framework. The calculations demonstrate that (i) resonant breakup couplings play a more important role in total fusion than non-resonant couplings, (ii) resonance states with short half-lives are very important for total fusion, as incident energies decreases towards the Coulomb barrier energy where incomplete fusion dominates, and (iii) resonance states with long half-life act as quasi-bound inelastic states, playing a crucial role in complete fusion.

New experimental results for the elastic scattering of $^{6}\mathrm{He}$ on $^{64}\mathrm{Zn}$ at incident energies of 15.0 and 18.0 MeV and $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ at 17.5 MeV along with results already published at 10.0 and 13.6 MeV, are presented. Elastic and $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ experimental cross sections are compared with coupled-reaction-channel, continuum-discretized coupled-channel, and DWBA inclusive-breakup models. The large yield of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particles observed at all measured energies can be explained by considering a nonelastic breakup mechanism.

This article aims to apply the Energy Sustainability Analysis (ESA) to the process of Anaerobic Digestion (AD), considering five different feedstocks: the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), agro-industrial products (energy crops) such as maize and sorghum silages, and agro-zootechnical wastes (slurry and manure) from cattle and pig livestock. The case study focuses on an AD bioreactor which is fed with a constant flow (50 ton/d) at a fixed total solids (TS) concentration (15% TS w/w). The processing chain is divided into three phases: pre-digestion operations, AD and the cogeneration of biogas, and post-digestion operations. The ESA methodology uses dedicated metrics and considers the entire technology chain from the energy resources up to useful energy. Energy crops present important energy footprints that must be spent for their production, while in the AD process, the pre-digestion and post-digestion phases present different energy costs for each analyzed feedstock. The results indicate that although the produced energy depends on the energy potential of the biomasses, the pre-digestion and post-digestion phase have an important weight in the overall energy sustainability of the system. In addition, in the case of the use of agro-zootechnical wastes and energy crops as feed, the availability of sufficient land to spread digestate on the field is essential to ensure the sustainability of AD technology, in its absence the energy sustainability can be critical as shown for the case of maize silage.

A novel method to extract the B(E1) strength of a weakly bound nucleus from experimental Coulomb dissociation data is proposed. The method makes use of continuum discretized coupled channels (CDCC) calculations, in which both nuclear and Coulomb forces are taken into account to all orders. This is a crucial advantage with respect to the standard procedure based on the Equivalent Photon Method (EPM) which does not properly take into account nuclear distortion, higher order coupling effects, or Coulombnuclear interference terms. The systematic and statistical uncertainties of this procedure are evaluated. The procedure is applied to the 11Be nucleus using two sets of available experimental data at different energies, for which seemingly incompatible B(E1) have been reported using the EPM. We show that the present procedure gives consistent B(E1) strengths, thus solving the aforementioned long-standing discrepancy between the two measurements., This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and FEDER funds under projects FIS2017-88410-P and RTI2018-098117-B-C21 and by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 654002.

Este artículo analiza las ideas pedagógicas de Juan López de Velasco, cronista de Indias, cosmógrafo y uno de los filólogos más importantes del siglo XVI. En primer lugar, inició la reacción contra la reforma fonética de la escritura castellana utilizando argumentos pedagógicos, que condicionaron la polémica ortográfica del siglo siguiente. Además, propuso la legislación sobre aspectos esenciales de las escuelas de primeras letras como el examen de los maestros, su consideración como agentes públicos y la regulación del horario y el número de alumnos. El estudio demuestra que López de Velasco se anticipó en varios siglos a planteamientos modernos en los procesos de alfabetización y la organización de las escuelas de primeras letras. This article analyzes the pedagogical ideas of Juan López de Velasco, a chronicler of the Indies, cosmographer, and one of the most important philologists of the 16th Century. In the first place, he initiated the reaction against the phonetic reform of Spanish spelling, using pedagogical arguments that conditioned the orthographic debate of the following century. Furthermore, he proposed legislation regarding essential aspects of primary schools, such as the examination for teachers, consideration of them as public agents, and the regulation of the timetable and number of students. The study demonstrates that López de Velasco was a forerunner of modern thinking on literacy processes and primary-school organization who was several centuries ahead of his time. Este artigo analisa as ideias pedagógica de Juan López de Velasco, cronistas das Índias, cosmógrafo e um dos filósofos mais importantes do século XVI. Em primeiro lugar, iniciou a reação contra a reforma fonética da escrita castelhana utilizando argumentos pedagógicos que condicionaram a polémica ortográfica do século seguinte. Além disso, propôs a legislação sobre aspectos essenciais das escolas de séries iniciais como a prova dos professores, sua consideração como agentes públicos e a regulação do horário e do número de alunos. O estudo demonstra que López de Velasco antecipou-se em vários séculos a abordagens modernas nos processos de alfabetização e na organização das escolas de séries iniciais.

During the Spanish Golden Age, language was developing fast. An important debate on orthology and orthography was taking place at the time. Many authors posed different proposals for a reform of spelling. The arguments discussed in these works also included educational considerations in favour of their proposals, which makes them an invaluable source in the history of education in Spain. In this paper a number of books published between 1531 and 1631 are analysed in search of relevant ideas on literacy education, the teaching of reading and writing in primary schools, and the skills and training needed for primary teachers. Many of these ideas are surprisingly modern, and anticipate current views on literacy education that would not begin to be put into practice in Spain until the late nineteenth century.