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Toplumsal hayatta olduğu gibi çalışma hayatında da kadınlar sadece cinsiyetlerinden dolayı çeşitli şekillerde şiddet ve taciz davranışlarına maruz kalabilmektedirler. Kayıt dışı, yani bir başka söylemle güvencesiz olarak çalışmak ise kadınlar üzerine yönelen şiddet davranışlarının daha fütursuz bir şekilde gerçekleşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı alanlarda kayıt dışı çalışan kadınların şiddeti algılayışları ve bu şiddetin kadınlar üzerindeki yansımalarının tespiti amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu farklı sektörlerde kayıt dışı olarak çalışan 11 kadın oluşturmaktadır. Yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların tamamının şiddetin farklı türlerine maruz kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Maruz kalınan şiddetin aile içinde eş tarafından, işyerinde ise işveren, iş arkadaşları ve bazı durumlarda müşteriler tarafından gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca şiddete maruz kalan kadınların benlik saygılarında düşüşün meydana geldiği tespit edilirken kaygı ve stres düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.

“Ekonomi ve Finans Politikaları Üzerine Çalışmalar” adlı bu editöryal kitap çalışması, günümüzün pek çok gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeleri için gerek yürütülen ve gerekse gelecekte yürütülecek olan çeşitli iktisadi ve finansal politikalara yönelik teorik ve pratik konuları incelemekte ve gelecek dönemlerde uygulama alanı bulabilecek olan çeşitli politika önermelerini araştırmacılar ile politika yürütücülerine tavsiye etmektedir. Hiç şüphesiz ki, ekonomi ve finans yazını sistematik temelleri 15. yüzyıla kadar uzanan oldukça kapsamlı ve geniş bir teorik altyapı bütününü bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Ancak ifade edilen alanlara dair teorik ve uygulamalı ekonomik ve finansal teorilerin tamamının bu eser bünyesinde yürütülmesi mümkün olmadığından söz konusu yazında çoğunlukla ön plana çıkarılan alanlar belirli bir konu çerçevesi itibariyle bu eserde tartışılmaktadır. Söz konusu bu tartışmalar, eserin konu çerçevesi dahilinde bütüncül ve birbirleriyle uyumlu olacak şekilde ele alınmakta ve bu bütünlük teorik ve uygulamalı çalışmalarla desteklenmektedir. Bu minvalde, kitabın ortaya çıkmasında kıymetli vakitlerini ayırarak değerli çalışmalarıyla katkıda bulunan tüm yazarlarımıza teşekkür etmeyi bir borç bilir, dipsiz bir kuyu niteliğindeki ekonomi ve finans literatürüne küçük de olsa bir taş atmanın kıvancını taşıdığımızı belirtiriz. Sevabının konuyla ilgili tüm araştırmacılarının ve günahının ise sadece bizlerin olduğu bu eserin herkese faydalı olması dileğiyle

Bu makale, 1960-2020 döneminde Türkiye için Markov-switching rejim değişikliği modelini kullanarak finans-büyüme ilişkisini ele almaktadır. Ekonomik büyümenin göstergesi olarak reel GSYİH büyüme oranı, finansal gelişmişlik göstergesi olarak ise geniş paranın GSYİH'ya oranının değişimi ve yurtiçi kredilerin GSYİH'ya oranının değişimi kullanılmaktadır. Bulgular, geniş paranın GSYİH'ya oranındaki pozitif bir değişimin hem küresel kriz öncesi hem de sonrasında ekonomik büyüme hızını azalttığını göstermektedir. Öte yandan, yurt içi kredilerin GSYİH'ya oranındaki olumlu bir değişim her iki dönemde de ekonomik büyüme hızını artırmaktadır. Ayrıca, geniş paranın GSYİH'ya oranının artması, ekonomik büyüme hızını küresel kriz öncesi dönemden küresel kriz sonrasına göre daha az azaltmaktadır. Benzer şekilde, yurt içi kredilerin GSYİH'ya oranının artması, küresel kriz öncesinde ekonomik büyüme hızını küresel kriz sonrasına göre daha fazla artırmaktadır. Genel bir değerlendirme olarak, küresel krizin ardından finansın Türkiye ekonomisi üzerindeki olumlu etkisinin zayıfladığı görülmektedir.Ayrıca, para arzının ekonomik büyüme oranından daha fazla artmasının ülkenin potansiyel büyüme hızını düşürebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar (DYY), yerli yatırım için fon arzını artırarak ev sahibi ülkede sermaye oluşumunu teşvik etmek için önemli bir araçtır. Teorik olarak, DYY ile ithalat arasında olumlu veya olumsuz bir ilişki mevcut olabilir. Dolayısıyla DYY’nin ihracat ve ithalat üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, DYY ile ihracat ve ithalat arasındaki ilişki Türkiye için 1990-2020 dönemini kapsayan veriler kullanılarak Toda-Yamamoto (1995) Granger nedensellik testi ile tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra doğrusal olmayan ARDL(NARDL) modeli çerçevesinde açıklayıcı değişkenlerin pozitif ve negatif şoklarının ayrıştırılması yoluyla bağımlı değişkene olan etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Toda-Yamamoto (1995) Granger nedensellik testi sonucunda ihracattan ve ithalattan DYY’e doğru tek yönlü Granger nedenselliğinin var olduğu tespit edilmiştir. NARDL modeli sonuçlarına göre ise ihracattaki azalışların doğrudan yabancı yatırımcıları azaltıcı etkisinin, ihracattaki artışların DYY’i artırıcı etkisinden daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Benzer şekilde, ithalattaki azalışların DYY’i azaltıcı etkisinin, ithalattaki artışların DYY’i artırıcı etkisinden daha yüksek olduğu da tespit edilmiştir.

Objective: Microfluidic channel system (MAC), a new generation method, gives the chance to select better quality spermatozoa with lower DNA fragmentation indices. This study evaluated the treatment results in patients who underwent ICSI-ET due to the MAC technique's male factors. Methods: Sakarya University ART Center carried out this retrospective study. Patients with 35 male factor indications were included in our study. In these patients, swim-up (SU) was used in the first of two consecutive IVF cycles, and the MAC sperm preparation technique was used in the second. Our study compared fertilization, quality embryo counts, implantation after fresh embryo transfer, pregnancy rates, fifth-day embryo, and frozen embryo numbers. Results: Fertilization rate was higher in the MAC group than in the SU group (P=0.009). The number of 3rd and 5th Day Grade 1 embryo in the MAC group was statistically higher than in the SU group (p=0.000 for both parameters). The number of quality embryos frozen on day 5 was higher in the MAC group than in the SU group (P=0.000). Conclusions: It is thought that MAC application does not make a statistically significant contribution on implantation and pregnancy in IVF cycles performed due to the malefactor. However, it may positively affect fertilization rate and embryo quality. In addition, we think that it increases the number of embryos frozen at the end of the cycle, and for this reason, the MAC technique may provide positive benefits to IVF treatments.

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of some real variables such as real effective exchange rates, real mortgage rates, real money supply, real construction cost index and housing sales on the real housing prices. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model in the monthly period of 2010:1–2021:10. Findings The real effective exchange rate has a positive and symmetric effect. The decreasing effect of negative changes in real money supply on real housing prices is higher than the increasing effect of positive changes. Only positive changes in the real construction cost index have an increasing and statistically significant effect on real house prices, while only negative changes in housing sales have a small negative sign and a small increasing effect on housing prices. The fact that the positive and negative changes in real mortgage rates are negative and positive, respectively, indicates that both have a reducing effect on real housing prices. Originality/value This study suggests the first NARDL model that investigates the asymmetric effects on real housing prices instead of nominal housing prices for Turkey. In addition, the study is the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to examine the effects of the five real variables on real housing prices.

Bu araştırmada, insan kaynağının korunmasının yanı sıra, nitelikli işgücü üzerinde örgütte kalma konusunda pozitif bir algı oluşturan, örgütte sağlık, güvenlik ve ergonomi koşullarına verilen önemin bir yansıması olan güvenlik iklimi ile çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetleri arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca demografik faktörler ile güvenlik iklimi algısı ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkilerin ortaya konulması bir diğer amaç olarak oluşmuştur. Gümüşhane ilinde madencilik sektöründe çalışan 257 kişinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre güvenlik iklimi algısı ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcılara ait demografik faktörlerden; medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi ve çalışılan birim gibi değişkenler ile güvenlik iklimi ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir.

Ergonomic design of the working environment in terms of health and safety, minimizing the risks by determining the risk factors, the existence of legal and institutional regulations are the basic elements to ensure occupational health and safety. However, these measures to be taken are not sufficient to prevent work accidents. At this point, the safety culture, which emphasizes the importance of the "human" factor in preventing work accidents and ensuring health and safety in the working environment, has a very critical role. Having all the employees at a work place to adopt this safety culture and expanding it to all levels will bring along a safer working environment. Accordingly, this study aims to determine the safety culture levels by revealing the opinions of the people working in the carpentry profession which is categorized in the dangerous work class on the job safety culture. In this context, focus group interview and observation method which are the qualitative research methods were used. The interviews were held with 24 carpenters working in Erzincan and content analysis method was used as data analysis method. According to the findings, the participants were generally found to have low levels of safety culture and only the fatalism perception, one of the security culture determinants, had a positive effect on the level of safety culture. In addition, it was observed that there weren’t any conscious practices to identify and prevent the risk factors (especially physical and ergonomic risk factors)., Çalışma ortamının sağlık ve güvenlik açısından ergonomik olarak tasarlanması, risk faktörlerinin belirlenerek risklerin en aza indirilmesi ve de yasal ve kurumsal düzenlemelerin varlığı, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin sağlanması için temel unsurları yansıtmaktadır. Ancak alınan bu önlemler iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin sağlanarak, iş kazalarının önlenmesi için yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu noktada, iş kazalarının önlenmesinde, çalışma ortamında sağlık ve güvenliğin sağlanmasında "insan" faktörünün önemi üzerinde duran güvenlik kültürü oldukça kritik bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Güvenlik kültürünün tüm kademelerdeki çalışanlara benimsetilmesi ve yaygınlaştırılması, daha güvenli bir çalışma ortamını beraberinde getirecektir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı, tehlikeli işler sınıfında yer alan marangozluk mesleğinde çalışan kişilerin iş güvenliği kültürüne yönelik bakış açılarını ortaya koyarak, güvenlik kültürü seviyelerini tespit etmektir. Bu kapsamda, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan odak grup görüşmesi ve gözlem yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Erzincan ilinde faaliyet gösteren 24 marangozla bu görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş olup, veri analizi yöntemi olarak da içerik analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular çerçevesinde, katılımcıların genel olarak güvenlik kültürü seviyelerinin düşük olduğu tespit edilirken, güvenlik kültürü belirleyicilerinden sadece kadercilik algısının güvenlik kültürü seviyesini olumlu yönde etkileyecek şekilde oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, risk faktörlerinin (özellikle fiziksel ve ergonomik risk faktörleri) belirlenmesi ve de önlenmesine yönelik olarak bilinçli bir uygulamanın olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir.

The Kosedag region, is located in Central-Eastern Anatolia, contains a lot of base metals (Pb–Zn, Cu) and Au occurrences. The region is explored by numerous mining companies and MTA. In this research, hydrothermal alteration mapping by hyperspectral Hyperion satellite data was carried out to contribute to these explorations in a part of the region. Hydrothermal alteration is one of the initial steps in the exploration of such metallic occurrences. This study area was chosen to test the accuracy of the hyperspectral data results with those of field and laboratory study results. The in situ alteration map was prepared during field surveys and numerous samples analyses. These samples were investigated by microscopy and XRD examinations. The minerals which are belonging to argillic, sericitic, propylitic, and FeOx (iron oxide) hydrothermal alterations were determined. These minerals were checked and confirmed on the surfaces of altered samples by using ASD fieldspec 4 hi-res. The mixture tuned matched filtering (MTMF), which is one of the widely used spectral classification methods, was applied on the Hyperion data to determine the distributions of these alteration minerals in the study area. The results have shown that the comparison of field and laboratory studies and MTMF results coincided with an overall accuracy of over 86% and a kappa coefficient of 0.80. The alteration map has been generated using the MTMF method, has been the first hyperspectral research of the hydrothermal alteration mineralogy in the region. Consequently, the generated map can be used as a basic alteration map during exploration studies of hydrothermal base metal mineralizations in the region.

The Hazinemagara (Gumushane) Pb-Zn deposit is located in the southern part of the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt in northeastern Turkey. It occurs as irregularly shaped ore bodies with breccia fill structure within the intraformational breccia or brecciated horizons of limestone in the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Berdiga Formation. The dominant ore minerals are pyrite, sphalerite, galena, and tetrahedrite, and the major gangue minerals are calcite, quartz, and barite. Microthermometric investigations of the fluid inclusions show that the ore-forming fluids contain CaCl2 and MgCl2 in addition to NaCl. The salinity of the fluid ranges from 1.7% to 9.2% with an average of 5.7% (wt.% NaCl equivalent) (n - 93). The homogenization temperature of the fluid ranges from 160.0 to 386.0 degrees C with an average of 263.5 degrees C (n = 98). The plots of the delta D values of water trapped in fluid inclusions hosted by barite and quartz (in the range of 92 parts per thousand to 81 parts per thousand) and the delta O-18 values calculated for water in equilibrium with these minerals (4.1 parts per thousand to 18.5 parts per thousand) are closer to the magmatic range than any other water sources and suggest the presence of magmatic water in hydrothermal fluid with some modifications by interaction with fluid from surrounding sedimentary rocks. The sulfur isotope composition of sulfide minerals (in the range of -7.8 parts per thousand(VCDT) to +5.4 parts per thousand(VCDT) avg.: -2.0 parts per thousand; n = 13) indicates a magmatic source for sulfur. It is concluded that the magmatic water derived from deep-seated Eocene plutonic rocks (Kackar Granitoids-I and -II) possibly carried metals and the sulfur derived from the source magma or leached from magmatic rocks on the pathway along the fault zones and precipitated mainly within voids between limestone fragments in intraformational breccia horizons of the Berdiga Formation. The Berdiga Formation is observed in large areas within the Eastern Pontide region and the intraformational breccia horizons could provide large stratabound ore potential.

Amac: Laparoskopik urolojik cerrahideki baslangic deneyimlerimizi degerlendirmek. Gerec ve Yontemler: Ocak 2015 ile Ocak 2018 tarihleri arasinda laparoskopik urolojik cerrahi uygulanan hastalarin sonuclari retrospektif olarak degerlendirilmistir. Bulgular: Klinigimizde laparoskopik cerrahi yapilan 88 hastanin 50’ si (%56.8) erkek, 38’ i (%43.2) kadindi. Hastalarin ortalama yasi 56 ± 14 (17-86) yil idi. Otuz alti hastaya radikal nefrektomi, 26 hastaya basit nefrektomi, 3 hastaya parsiyel nefrektomi, 9 hastaya nefroureterektomi, 2 hastaya dismembered pyeloplasti, 4 hastaya adrenalektomi, 7 hastaya ureterolitotomi, 1 hastaya ise orsiektomi uygulandi. Ortalama operasyon suresi sirasiyla 130±20, 119±21, 140±5, 150±21, 117±3, 71±8, 80±11 ve 45 dk, ortalama hastanede kalis sureleri sirasiyla 4.2±1.3, 3.1±1.4, 4.3±1.5, 4.7±1.3, 4±1.4, 3±0.8, 2.8±1 ve 1 gundu. Radikal nefrektomi yapilan hastalarin 4’ unde, basit nefrektomi yapilan hastalarin 6’ sinda ve nefroureterektomi yapilan hastalarin 3’ unde olmak uzere toplam 13 (%14,7) hastada acik cerrahiye gecildi. Postoperatif komplikasyon 11 (%12,5) hastada goruldu. Sonuc: Laparoskopik cerrahi; ogrenme egrisi uzun olan, cerrahin yetenegine ve tecrubesine bagli olarak cok iyi fonksiyonel sonuclar veren minimal invaziv cerrahi yontemlerden birisi olarak baslangic doneminde uygun hasta secimi ve dogru planlama ile basarili bir sekilde uygulanabilmektedir.

WOS: 000431330200013, Remote sensing technology and its terrestrial components are more useful than classical geological investigation in mineral exploration and mapping the hydrothermal alteration areas and help to investigate larger areas in short time. Intrusive and volcanic rocks, namely Kosedag syenite and Karatas volcanics in Kosedag (Zara) area shows argillic alteration zones. Two different test area were chosen and sampled for mineralogical studies. XRD-CF investigations showed that kaolinite and illite are the dominant clay minerals in test areas of A and B respectively. The spectroradiometer measurements were carried out 5 times on different surfaces of clayey samples with self-illuminated contact-probe lens within the wavelength range of 350-2500 nm. The spectroradiometer measurements used as endmember were resampled to ASTER short wave infrared (SWIR) bandwidths. Band ratio, principal component and decorrelation stretching analysis were performed to visualize the distribution of clay minerals. In spectral classification method, matched filtering (MF) was used for integrating the satellite image and spectroradiometer measurement data. It was concluded that co-interpretations of the band ratio, principal component, decorrelation stretching analysis, MF results and geological map are very useful in determining, classifying and mapping of the argillic alteration zones related to hydrothermal processes on ASTER image and they seem to be very useful to identify the target areas for mineral exploration., Foundation of Cumhuriyet University [M-613], The Research Foundation of Cumhuriyet University supported this study (Project No: M-613). Huseyin Yalcin (Prof. Dr., Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey) and Omer Bozkaya (Prof. Dr., Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey) are kindly thanked for useful comments during the XRD-CF analyses.

Amaç: Robot yardımlı laparoskopik radikalprostatektomi (RYLRP) sonuçlarımızı sunmak.Yöntem: Şubat 2015 – Aralık 2017 yılları arasında lokalizeprostat kanseri (PCa) nedeniyle Sakary Üniversitesi’nde RYLRP operasyonuuygulanan hastaların sonuçlarıretrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hastalarınortalama takip süreleri 16.1 (1-36) ay olarak bulundu. Hastaların ortalamayaşı 64.04 ± 6.33 yıl olarak saptandı. D’Amico risk sınıflamasınagöre hastaların 29’u (%60.4) düşük risk, 13’ü (%27.1) orta risk ve 6’sı (%12.5) yüksek risk sınıfında saptandı. Ortalamaoperasyon süresi 237.7 ± 48.07 dk, ortalamatahmini kan kaybı 190.4 ± 65.8 ml olarak bulundu.Ortalama dren çekilme süresi 3.93 ± 1.81 gün, ortalama hastanede kalış süresi4.66 ± 1.91 gün, ortalama sonda çekilme süresi 14.1 ± 2.1 gün olarak bulundu.On (%20,8) hastada cerrahi sınır pozitif saptandı. Kontinans oranlarıpostoperatif 1. ay, 6. ay ve 12. ay’da sırasıyla %50, %71.4 ve %85.2 olarakbulundu. Potens oranları postoperatif 1. ay, 6. ay ve 12. ay’da sırasıyla%37.5, %42.9 ve %51.2 olarak tespit edildi. Takiplerde 1 hastada biyokimyasal nüks tespit edildi.Sonuç: RYLRP lokalize PCa’nintedavisinde etkin ve güvenilir bir yöntemdir. Sonuçlarımız literatürleuyumludur. Cerrahi tecrübe arttıkça daha iyi onkolojik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlaralınacaktır.Anahtarkelime: Öğrenme eğrisi, prostat kanseri, robotikcerrahi., Objective: To present our robot assisted laparoscopicradical prosatatectomy (RALRP) results.Method: The results of patients who underwent RALRPbetween February 2015 and December 2017 for localized prostate cancer (PCa) atSakarya University were retrospectively evaluated.Results: Mean follow-up time was 16.1 (1-36) months.The mean patient age was 64.04 ± 6.33 years. According to D’Amico riskclassification; 29 (60.4%) patients were found to have low risk, 13 (27.1%) patients have moderate risk and 6(12.5%) patients have high risk. Mean operation time was 237.7 ± 48.07 min, mean estimated blood loss was 190.4 ± 65.8 ml. Mean draining time was 3.93 ± 1.81 days, meanhospitalization time was 4.66 ± 1.91 days and mean catheterization time was 14.1± 2.1 days. Surgical margin positivity was found in 10 (20.8%) patients. Thecontinent rate at postoperative 1th, 6th and 12th months were 50%, 71.4% and85.2%; respectively. The potency rates at postoperative 1th, 6th and 12thmonths were 37.5%, 42.9% and 51.2%; respectively. Biochemical recurrence wasdetected in 1 patient at follow-up period.Conclusion: RALRP is an effective and reliable method for localized PCatreatment. Our results are consistent with the literature. Better oncologic andfunctional results will be obtained as surgical experience increases.

This paper examines the causality between crude oil exports, crude oil prices and military expenditures over the period from 1980 to 2016 for the seven OPEC countries (Algeria, Ecuador, Iran, Kuwait, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia and Venezuela). A panel Granger causality test suggested by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) is applied as bivariate and trivariate analysis, separately. Five of six bivariate causality analyses show the existence of panel Granger causality. The test also shows that there is panel Granger causality running from crude oil exports and crude oil prices to military expenditures, from crude oil exports and military expenditures to crude oil prices, and from military expenditures and crude oil prices to crude oil exports, as a result of trivariate analysis. It is concluded that some OPEC countries examined in the study transferred some of their oil revenues to military expenditures that are considered economically inefficient. Moreover, it is concluded that the link between oil revenues and military spending depends on the political independence, geographical location and/or the threat of terrorism and war for each country.

Son yıllarda, jeolojik özelliklerin uzaktan algılama ile belirlenmesi ve yararlılığı konusunda çok sayıda çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Jeolojik birimler içindeki kaya türlerini ayırtlamak için uydu görüntüleri ve yersel spectral ölçme verileri kullanılmaktadır. Uzaktan algılama görüntülerinin kullanılması harita çalışmalarının maliyetini düşürmekte ve zaman tasarrufu sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Sivas ili Zara ve Suşehri ilçeleri arasında yer alan Kösedağ yöresinde kayaç türlerini ayırtlamak ve litolojik birimler arasındaki dokunakları belirlemek için ASTER SWIR görüntülerinin kullanılabilirliği araştırılmaktadır. Bu sahada, ofiyolitik, andezitik, bazaltik ve siyenitik kayaçlar yüzeylemektedir. Bu kayaç türlerinden alınmış temsili örneklerin spektral özellikleri/belirteçleri ASD spectroradyometre ile ölçülerek belirlenmiştir. Belirlenmiş özellikler, referans spektra ASTER SWIR bant dalga boyu aralıklarına yeniden örneklenmiştir. Spektral sınıflandırma için eşleşen filtreleme (Matched filtering) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, belirtilen kayak tiplerinin ayıtlanmasının mümkün olduğunu ve aralarındaki sınırların inceleme alanının 1/100.000 ölçekli jeolojik haritası üzerinde çizilmiş dokunaklar ile çakıştığını göstermiştir, In recent years, a large number of studies have been carried out on determining geological characteristics using remote sensing studies and their usefulness. The integrating satellite images and terrestrial spectral data are used distinguishing lithologies in geological units. The use of remote sensing images helps to save time and to reduce the cost of mapping works. In this study, the usability of ASTER SWIR images in distinguishing rock types and in determination of contacts between lithological units in Kösedağ area between Zara and Suşehri towns of Sivas Province. Syenitic, andesitic, basaltic and ophiolitics rocks are cropt out in this area. Spectral signatures of the representative samples from these rock types were measured via ASD spectroradiometer. The signatures were resampled to ASTER SWIR bandwidth as end member. Matched filtering method was performed on the images for spectral classification. The results showed that distinguishing of the mentioned rock types is possible and the boundaries between rock types on the spectral images are mostly coincided with the boundaries on the 1:100.000 scale geological map of the study area

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the disease course after direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) for short anterior urethral strictures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 94 patients who underwent DVIU of the anterior urethra. Patients' age, etiology, length and localization of the strictures, total number of DVIU procedures, comorbidities, and other data were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the patients was 67.2 years. The mean followup duration was 27.1 months. Recurrence was observed in 27.6% of the patients. Recurrence had occurred in these patients at a mean of 12 months. Both the comorbidity score (rs=0.395; p

Determination of hydrothermal alteration areas is one of the first stagemethodes used in mineral exploration studies, particularly of porphyry typemineralizations. These studies were only possible by field investigations inthe past, but now, they can be easily detected with images from satellites, inaccordance with the developing technology. In this study, contacts betweengeological units and the border of the hydrothermal alteration zones weredetermined with SWIR images of ASTER in Ağmaşat Plato, located in the north ofZara district of Sivas province. Decorrelation stretching and principalcomponent analysis were carried out on the SWIR images. The obtained resultshighly coincide with the geological map which was prepared during the fieldstudies. These results will lead to the discovery of new potential fields., Hidrotermal alterasyon alanlarının tespiti, maden arama faaliyetlerininilk aşamalarından bir tanesi olup özellikle porfiri tip zenginleşmelerinkeşfinde önemli bir adımı oluşturmaktadır. Önceleri arazi çalışmaları ve gözlemlerle tespit edilebilen bu türalanlar artık günümüzde gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte uydulardan elde edilengörüntüler üzerinde yapılan işlemlerle tespit edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmadaSivas ilinin Zara ilçesinin kuzeyinde Ağmaşat Yaylası'nda belirlenenhidrotermal alterasyon alanlarının ve çevre jeolojik birimlerinin sınırlarıASTER uydusu SWIR görüntüleri ile belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Uygulanandekorelasyon gerilmesi ve ana bileşenler dönüşümü metodları ile elde edilenveriler, arazi çalışmaları sırasında hazırlanan jeoloji haritası ile yüksek orandaörtüştüğü belirlenmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında tespit edilebilecek yenialterasyon alanları potansiyel maden sahası olarak değerlendirilebilecektir.

The aim of this study was to investigate seminal oxidant-antioxidant activity in idiopathic and varicocele infertility in men.Total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), paraoxonase (PON1), aryl esterase (ARE), and total thiol levels (TTL) were measured in seminal plasma with an autoanalyzer. The TOS/TAC ratio was determined as the oxidative stress index (OSI). A histopathological evaluation of the sperm was performed in the andrology laboratory of the hospital. Number, motility, morphology, volume, pH, and leukocytes were evaluated in all samples according to World Health Organization criteria. The three study groups were as follows: G1, males with idiopathic infertility; G2, males with varicocele infertility; and G3, normal healthy males (had fathered a child in the last 2 years). Each group was composed of 36 men (age, 25 - 40 years). The Rel Assay Diagnostics kit was used to determine the levels of the parameters. The study was conducted according to the principles of the declaration of Helsinki and was approved by Sakarya University Medicine Faculty Ethic Committee (e.n: 16214662/050.01.04/07). Statistical significance was assumed if p0.05. All statistical evaluations were performed using SPSS (version 20.0 for Windows; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).No differences were detected between the mean values of antioxidant parameters among the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis test). The p-values of the test parameters (TAC, TOS, PON1, ARE, TTL, OSI) are respectively: 0.494, 0.548, 0.068, 0.151, 0.202, 0.873. The antioxidant parameters of all subjects were compared using the MannWhitney U-test in both groups as fertile (G3) and infertile (G1 + G2). The PON1 levels in infertile subjects were significantly higher than those in fertile subjects. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.042). The other antioxidant parameters had no statistically significant difference (p0.05). The ARE was not performed in group 3 (control) due to a methodological problem.PON1 levels in infertile subjects were significantly higher than those of fertile subjects.

In these days that in financial difficulty on woordwide, developed and developing countries are affeted adversely from this situation. Due to these issues economical structures of these countries are damaged and changes occur in the governments market policies.Inside the ?ITUC Global Poll 2014? report which is prepared by International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) within 14 countries, the social and economical issues of both developed and developing countries are researched in Turkey?s point of view. The results will be considered and a benchmark will take place with other countries which are attended to the poll.Even though there are a lot more subjects to consider, minimum wage, current economic situation, work stability, unemployment and goverment policies due to the unemployment are discussed in this research.

Background We investigated the effects of hydrogen peroxide gas plasma resterilization (HPS) on partially absorbable monofilament meshes in terms of their mechanical properties and risk of infection.

Urethral stricture is an illness that can be repeated and that has a troublous treatment process. Uttarbasti which is used in traditional Indian wound healing is a mixture consisting of rock salt, honey and sesame oil. In traditional treatment, there are studies about the effects of honey, wax and sesame oil on wound healing. Researchers aimed at searching the efficiency of the treatment by using uttarbasti in urethral stenosis. In the experiment 18 Wistar Albino type rats which are around 200-250 g were used. These rats were divided into 3 groups and each has 6 rats. Urethra was marked till external meatus with 18G sting. To the 1st group, not any drug was given. To the 2nd group, for 3 weeks saline (1 cc) was given into urethra. To the 3rd group for 3 weeks uttarbasti (1 cc) was applied into urethra. At the end of the 3rd week, all the groups were decapitated. They were taken into histopathological search with their penis tissue and urethra.

Health is assumed to influence the economy through many channels. It reduces infant mortality and increase life expectancy and adult survival rates. Health level and life expectancy affects long-term savings decisions of individuals. This study examines the relationship between health indicators and economic growth in 19 OECD countries during the period 1970-2009 within a panel data analysis. The authors employ three different measures of health. Results show that an increase in health expenditures and a decrease in infant mortality positively affect GDP in compatible with the theoretical assumptions. However, life expectancy is detected to affect GDP negatively in contrast with the theoretical expectations. In conclusion, health expenditures and services concluded to influence GDP by improving human capital. Furthermore, the authors make suggestions about how economies can remove the burden of aging population.

Study Type – Therapy (RCT) Level of Evidence 1b What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? There is a positive effect of PDE5 inhibitors on several aspects of the men’s sex lives, chiefly erectile function, personal self-esteem, and satisfaction from their sex lives. To our knowledge, our study is the first study to evaluate the effects of PDE5 inhibitors on erectile variables simultaneously in a laboratory setting. In the present study, significant penile rigidities were obtained with PDE5 inhibitors in a short period, with no sexual stimulation, in laboratory conditions. Our findings might support the use of PDE5 inhibitors in the men who need penile rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors on erectile variables during a period with no sexual stimulation in a laboratory setting double-blind study. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 80 men without erectile dysfunction (ED) but with lifelong premature ejaculation (PE) were included in the study. The men were divided equally in to four groups and received either placebo, vardenafil (10 mg), sildenafil (50 mg) or tadalafil (20 mg) in a double-blind study design. The men attended the laboratory following 3 days of sexual abstinence and placebo or one of the PDE5 inhibitors was ingested after ≥2 h of fasting and non-smoking. The men were then immediately placed in a silent room and real-time penile rigidity and tumescence monitoring with Rigiscan Plus (Rigiscan Plus® System, Osbon Medical Systems, Augusta, GA, USA) began. The men read some magazines or newspapers that contained no sexually stimulating material for 1.5 h. There was no interaction between the men and observer during the test period. Times to first measured and total durations of base and tip rigidities, and also total and per minute rigidity were evaluated. RESULTS The recorded base and/or tip rigidity ratios were 40% (eight of 20), 71% (12/17), 47% (nine of 19) and 70% (14/20) in men who took placebo, sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, respectively (P= 0.126). The ratio of men who could obtain ≥60% base and/or tip rigidities were 10% (two of 20), 41% (seven of 17), 26% (five of 19) and 55% (11/20) in placebo, sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil groups, respectively (P < 0.05). The median time to first measured base rigidity was 58.0, 21.5, 54.5 and 57 min with placebo, sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, respectively (P= 0032). The median total duration of recorded base rigidity was 4.0, 27.5, 10.0 and 11.5 min in men who took placebo, sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, respectively (P= 0.013). The median total base rigidity (area under the curve) was 72.8, 699.0, 360.5 and 553.0 with placebo, sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, respectively (P= 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Significant penile rigidities were obtained with PDE5 inhibitors during the short test period, with no sexual stimulation, in laboratory conditions. This finding might support the use of PDE5 inhibitors in men who need penile rehabilitation.

WOS: 000264824700001, The Akguney copper-lead-zinc deposit (Ordu Province) is actively mined in the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. This deposit consists of ore-bearing veins emplaced along fault zones and hosted by slightly altered Upper Cretaceous andesites. Seven ore veins, D-1 to D-7, have been identified. These veins strike N 70-80W with a dip of 50-60NE, except for D7 which strikes E-W with a dip of 25S. The ore-bearing quartz vein outcrops are slightly limonitized and hematitized. Two different ore associations are distinguished within the D-1 and D-2 veins. The first contains only pyrite, whereas the second consists of coarse-grained sulphides such as chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, and secondary limonite veinlets in addition to pyrite. Quartz and calcite are the gangue minerals. The mineral paragenesis has been identified as: pyritegalenachalcopyrite (I)sphaleritechalcopyrite (II)(tetrahedrite ?)quartzcalcite. Fluid inclusion data indicate that the ore-forming fluids contained significant concentrations of divalent cations in addition to NaCl. The salinity of the fluids lies in the range 14-24% (ave.=19.0) NaCl equivalent; liquid homogenization temperatures range from 276 to 349C (ave.=307C) and decrease to 211C through the later stages of mineralization. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope data are consistent with the mineralizing fluid being of meteoric origin, with modification of the oxygen isotope composition by exchange with the volcanic host rocks. However, low D values suggest a magmatic water component in some samples. The combination of fluid inclusion and stable isotope data suggest that the Akguney Cu-Pb-Zn vein-type deposits were formed by the leaching of metals and sulphur from the surrounding volcano-sedimentary rocks by deep-circulating meteoric water., Research Foundation Council of Cumhuriyet University [M-297], The Research Foundation Council of Cumhuriyet University partly supported this study (Project No. M-297). We thank the Zamanti Mining Company for kind accomodation during the field investigation, Dr Omer Bozkaya, Dr K. Sevki Kavak, Dr Ahmet Efe, and Dr Gulcan Bozkaya (Cumhuriyet University) for useful help during laboratory investigations. Thanks are due to Fayrooza Rawoot for helping with the oxygen and isotope analyses.

The Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey contains over 400 massive (Kuroko type) and vein type Cu–Pb–Zn deposits. The Inler Yaylasi lead–zinc deposits are typical examples of the vein type and have been economically mined for 15 years. Three ore veins were identified along E–W trending fault zones, hosted by extensively altered, Upper Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks. A Tertiary granitoid intrusion occurs near the area of mineralization. The ore veins contain sphalerite, galena and minor amounts of pyrite, chalcopyrite, fahlore, chalcocite and covellite as ore minerals, with quartz and calcite as gangue minerals. The measured δ34S values of galena (−3.9 to −1.9 ‰V-CDT) and sphalerite (−2.0 to +0.4 ‰V-CDT) and calculated δ34S values of H2S in equilibrium with these mineral (−2.14 to −0.73 ‰V-CDT) are slightly lower than the magmatic sulfur values and suggest an indirect magmatic source, that would involve the leaching of isotopically lighter sulfur from either the Upper Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks or a deep seated, older sulfide ore deposit. Lead isotope ratios, for galena samples are dispersed in a narrow range from 18.639 to 18.676 (206Pb/204Pb), 15.671–15.698 (207Pb/204Pb) and 38.761–38.870 (208Pb/204Pb). These lead isotope data are close to those of an orogene reservoir and are very different from those of a mantle-related reservoir. In the light of these observations it may be assumed that the sulfur and lead concentrated in the studied deposits was leached by deep circulated meteoric water from either the Upper Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary rocks or a deep seated, older sulfide ore deposit which contained light magmatic sulfur and orogenic lead.

İş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin temel amacı, kaza ve hastalık şeklinde ortaya çıkan tehlike ve risklerden çalışanları korumak, zararlarını ortadan kaldırmak, ortadan kaldırılamayan tehlikeleri kabul edilebilir seviyeye indirmek, fiziksel, sosyal ve ruhsal yönden tam iyilik halini hedefleyip yaşam kalitesini yükselterek çalışanların sağlığının olumsuz etkilenmesini önlemektir.Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de meydana gelen iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarının bir bölümü ölümle, bir bölümü ise sakatlanma ve yaralanmalarla geçici ve kalıcı iş göremezlik durumu ile sonuçlanmaktadır. İşverenler; işletmenin menfaatleri nedeniyle; çalışanlar, doğrudan olumsuz sonuçlarından etkilenen kişiler olarak, devlet ise, vatandaşlarının sağlık ve mutluluğunu düşünmek zorunda olduğu için iş sağlığı ve güvenliği konusu ile yakından ilgilenmek durumundadır. Bu nedenle iş yerlerinde iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarını önleme konusunda güvenlik kültürü oluşturulması ayrı bir önem taşımaktadır.Endüstri devrimiyle beraber çalışma hayatına katılan kadınlar, günümüzde en az erkekler kadar emeklerini sunmakta ve en az erkekler kadar iş yerlerindeki risk faktörlerinden etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada araştırmacılar, Bursa'da metal sanayinde çalışan kadınların iş yerlerindeki riskler hakkındaki farkındalıklarını ortaya koymayı ve İSG kültürü oluşumundaki önemini vurgulamayı hedeflemektedirler. Çalışmanın örneklemini metal sanayinde çalışan 1918 kadın oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 31,49±6,85 ve işyerlerinde ortalama çalışma yılı 6,36±5,85'dir. Verilerin analizinde, faktör analizi, güvenirlik analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre kadın çalışanlarda, güvenlik kültürünün yerleşmesinde öncül nitelikte olan güvenli davranış ile risk algıları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur., The primary aim of the occupational health and safety is to protect employees from the hazards and risks of the form of accidents and illnesses, and to minimize harmful effects. It is also aimed to increase the quality of life by targeting the state of full well-being from the physical, social and psychological aspects and to ensure that the health of employees is positively affected.As in the whole world, work accidents and occupational diseases that are happening in our country also result in death and some injuries.Employers for business; the employees are directly affected by the negative impacts and the Government has to deal with the issues of occupational health and safety as they have to think about the health and happiness of their citizens.Therefore, occupational health and safety issue are more important to the establishing a safety culture in the workplace for workplace accidents and occupational diseases prevention.Woman who is participate in working life with the industrial revolution, now they are working hard like men and they are affected by the risk factors at work.In this study, it was aimed to reveal the risk awareness of woman whose working in metal industry in Bursa and to emphasize the importance of safety culture.The sample of the study consisted of total 1918 female employees in the metal industry in Bursa city. The mean age of the participants was 31, 49±6, 85 and the mean working years in the workplace was 6, 36±5, 85. In this study, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation and regression analysis were used. According to the findings obtained, between safety behavior and risk perceptions, statistically significant relationship was determined for safety culture among female employees.

WOS: 000088117800008, In the Eastern Pontide Region of northeastern Turkey, volcanogenic Cu-Zn-Pb deposits of the Kuroko type are widespread within the dacitic series of the Liassic-Eocene volcano-sedimentary succession. Sulfide mineralization within the studied deposits shows four different depositional styles: disseminated ore; polymetallic stockwork ores; polymetallic massive ores; and disseminated pyrite in the hanging-wall tuff units. Only the stockwork and massive ores are economically important, and usually one or the other dominates in each ore body. The delta(34)S of sulfide minerals belonging to the various styles of mineralization are in the range fi om -2.6 to +5.2 parts per thousand (VCDT): pyrite has the highest values and the galena lowest values in agreement with the usual isotopic-fractionation trends. Massive ores have heavier sulfur-isotope composition among the mineralization styles and the heaviest values are recorded in barite- and gypsum-rich deposits. The close similarity of the delta(34)S among the various mineralization episodes in some deposits indicates a single sulfur source having a stable and homogenous composition. The delta(34)S of sulfates fall into three groups: barites and primary gypsum (15.4 to 20.4 parts per thousand). close to coeval seawater sulfate: one value: of barite (25.4 parts per thousand) heavier than coeval sea water; and values of secondary gypsum (2.2 to 8.0 parts per thousand) either very light compared to coeval seawater sulfate, or within the range recorded from sulfide minerals. The delta(34)S values of pyrite disseminated in the brecciated dacite tuff units are very close to zero and similar to the ones reported for magmatic rocks, suggesting a magmatic source for the sulfur of the earliest sulfide mineralization episode. These delta(34)S data are not sufficient to calculate the fraction of the reduced sulfur derived from seawater sulfate, as the associated fractionation factor cannot be constrained.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a localized connective tissue disorder that affects the tunica albuginea of the penis. Characteristic inelastic scar tissue formation may dramatically diminish erectile function in PD. Intralesional treatments are growing in popularity as a minimally invasive approach in the initial treatment of PD. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intratunical injection of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) vs. ADSCs in combination with human interferon -2b gene therapy (ADSCs-IFN) for the treatment of ED in a rat model of PD. METHODS: A total of 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g) were randomly divided into six groups: sham (saline-injected into the TA); PD (transforming growth factor (TGF)1 (50 g) injected into the TA); prevention groups (5x105 ADSCs or ADSCs-IFN injected into TA on the same day as TGF1 injection); and treatment groups (5x105 ADSCs or ADSCs-IFN injected into TA 30 days after TGF1 injection). Forty-five days following TGF1 injection, rats underwent erectile function assessment by measuring the total intracavernous-to-mean arterial pressure ratio (ICP/MAP) and total ICP during cavernous nerve stimulation. RESULTS: The sham and PD groups had an ICP/MAP ratio of 48 9 compared to 18 2% (p 0.004) at 2.5 V, 64 7 compared to 45 6% at 5.0 V (p 0.04), and 79 3 compared to 72 3% at 7.5 V (p 0.05). In the prevention groups significant improvement of erectile function were recorded at all stimulation parameters with ICP/MAP ratios of 72 5/72 4%, 78 3/77 1%, 85 2/82 2% at stimulation voltages of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 V for control ADSCs and ADSCs-IFN respectively (p 0.05). In the treatment groups ICP/MAP ratios of 44 8/58 7%, 67 5/70 4%, 81 4/77 4% at stimulation voltages of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 V for ADSCs and ADSCs-IFN respectively (p 0.05). Although the changes in ICP and AUC were higher in ADSCs-IFN vs. ADSCs in the treatment group, this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Local injection of ADSCs in combination with human interferon -2b gene therapy prevents and treats ED caused by PD. Regenerative medicine with combination of gene therapy in the field of PD is expected to evolve rapidly but further validation and study is required to assess their potential role in treatment of PD.

mented significant associations of MPV with type 2 diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic risk factors. The objectives of this study were to examine relationship between MPV and varicocele to clarify the etiopathogenesis of varicocele. METHODS: MPV levels were measured in 60 varicocele subjects (group I) and 57 healthy controls (group II) from 2009 to 2010. Age was were similar between two groups. The diagnosis of varicocele was based on the findings from both physical examination and color Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: The average patient age at the time of examination was 28.12 6.4 years in group I and 28.10 5.8 in group II. Mean MPV levels were 9.59 1.58 fl in group I and 7.97 0.88 fl in group II. MPV levels were statistically significantly higer in group I than in group II (p 0.001). Positive correlations were found between the MPV and varicocele grade like as between MPV and diameter of left spermatic vein (p 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The increase in MPV is independent of the disease, and the increase in varicocele grade is associated with higher MPV in varicocele patients. Based on the importance of the vascular component in the pathophysiology of varicoceles, we would suggest to do more studies with platelets in varicocele patients.