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Traduction française de larticle "Self-­‐Archiving with Ease in an Institutional Repository: Microinteractions and the User Experience" publié dans la revue Information Technology and libraries, septembre 2015 Details matter, especially when they can influence whether users engage with a new digital initiative that relies heavily on their support. During the recent development of MacEwan University’s institutional repository, the librarians leading the project wantedto ensure the site would offer users an easy and effective way to deposit their works, inturn helping to ensure the repository’s long-­‐term viability. The following paper discusses their approach to user-­‐testing, applying Dan Saffer’s framework of Microinteractions to how faculty members experienced the repository’s self-­‐archiving functionality. It outlines the steps taken to test and refine the self-­‐archiving process,shedding light on how others may apply the concept of microinteractions to better understand a website’s utility and the overall user experience that it delivers. Chaque détail compte, particulièrement quand il peut influencer linvestissement des usagers envers une nouvelle initiative numérique qui se base beaucoup sur leur soutien. LUniversité MacEwan (Edmonton, Canada) a récemment lancé son archive institutionnelle (Ro@M), les bibliothécaires qui menaient le projet ont souhaité sassurer que le site offrait un moyen facile et efficace de déposer des documents et ainsi assurer la viabilité de lapplication sur le long terme. Cet article présente leur approche des tests dutilisabilité en mettant en pratique le cadre des microinteractions de Dan Saffer. Il souligne les étapes suivies pour les tests et précise la procédure dauto-archivage, mettant en lumière comment dautres peuvent appliquer le concept de microinteractions pour mieux comprendre lutilité et lexpérience utilisateur prodiguées par un site web.

Cet article propose une relecture critique des developpements theoriques recents sur la nature de la croissance urbaine. Dans cette litterature, la question centrale est celle de la relation entre la croissance demographique d’une ville et la taille de sa population, synonyme du volume d’externalites positives ou negatives presentes. Cette litterature est classee dans deux grands ensembles : les approches de la croissance aleatoire selon lesquelles la croissance des villes est independante de leur taille et les approches de la croissance deterministe ou les effets d’agglomeration conditionnent le processus de changement demographique urbain. Enfin, un troisieme ensemble, les approches hybrides, emerge, en produisant des modeles qui cherchent a combiner effets de taille et chocs exogenes aleatoires et permettant une interpretation plus adequate des faits empiriques.

National audience; no abstract

A Raman water vapor lidar has been developed at the Haute-Provence Observatory to study the distribution of water in the upper troposphere and its long-term evolution. Some investigations have been proposed and described to ensure a pertinent monitoring of water vapor in the upper troposphere. A new method to take into account the geophysical variability for time integration processes has been developed based on the stationarity of water vapor. Successive measurements, considered as independent, have been used to retrieve H2O profiles that were recorded during the same nighttimes over a few hours. Various calibration methods, including zenith clear-sky observation, standard meteorological radiosondes, and total water vapor column, have been investigated. A method to evaluate these calibration techniques has been proposed based on the variance weakening. For the lidar at the Haute-Provence Observatory, the calibration based on the total water vapor column appears to be the optimum method. Radiosondes also give comparable results, but do not allow lidar to be independent. The clear-sky zenith observation is an original technique, and seems to accurately identify discontinuities. However, it appears to be less reliable, based on the variance investigation, than the two others. It is also sensitive to aerosol loading, which is also expected to vary with time.

Over the last decade, many researchers have focused on the study of different urban hierarchies and their evolution over time. These studies may or may not confirm Zipf’s law and emphasize the characteristics of urban growth. The question is then whether urban growth depends upon city-size or not, which is a main issue in modern regional economics. Using data on Chinese cities for the period 1960-2000, this paper aims to provide some answers to this question which has led to a recent passionate debate between the random growth theories and the endogenous growth theories., Durant ces dernières années,un ensemble de travaux originaux ont été consacrés à l'étude des hiérarchies urbaines et à l'organisation en réseau des villes. A l'issue de ces travaux, confirmant ou infirmant la validité de la loi de Zipf, certains chercheurs ont montré qu'il était nécessaire d'intégrer une approche dynamique visant à étudier la croissance, absolue et relative, des villes, afin de comprendre les changements de leurs positions au sein même d'un système urbain donné. Ces travaux débouchent sur une interrogation quant à la nature de la croissance urbaine, "aléatoire" ou "endogène",et la relation fondamentale entre la taille d'une ville et sa croissance. En s'appuyant sur l'étude de l'évolution du système urbain chinois entre 1984 et 2004, cet article apporte une contribution au débat qui oppose les approches de la croissance urbaine aléatoire à celles de la croissance urbaine endogène.

International audience; no abstract

LE CALEMBOUR FACE À LA RÉVOLUTION À l’aube et au crépuscule du xixe siècle, qui s’est voulu le siècle de la raison triomphante, deux figures littéraires, François-Georges Maréchal, marquis de Bièvre, et Jean-Pierre Brisset, « prince des penseurs », se signalent par un usage irraisonné et déraisonnable de la langue qui s’épanouit dans cette figure qu’on appelle le calembour. L’étymologie du mot calembour est discutée. Sa description en revanche ne pose pas spécialement question : C’est un redo...

Jeanette Winterson’s latest novel, Weight, re-writes the myth of Atlas in terms of the author’s personal story, to offer a reflexion on fate, freedom and responsibility, which brings Romanticism and Modernism clearly back into the sphere of ethics. The self can choose to cast off the weight of the stories thrust upon it and be true to itself. The solution offered to the basic ethical problem of the dissonance between the self and the world is to be found in an ideal vision of wholeness reached through imagination, desire and love.

We introduce an extension of linear constraints, called linear- range constraints, which allows for (meta-)reasoning about the approximation width of variables. Semantics for linear- range constraints is provided in terms of parameterized linear systems. We devise procedures for checking satisfiability and for entailing the maximal width of a variable. An extension of the constraint logic programming language CLP(R) is proposed by admitting linear-range constraints.

In the scope of the IEA Task 38 (Solar Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration) a comparative study of different simulation tools for solar cooling system pre-design was conducted. It aimed at identifying a range of uncertainties in simulation results which may be obtained by validated models from market available tools – and simulations performed by different experienced users. Tools applied in the simulation comparison comprise the fast pre-design tool EasyCool and the end-design tools TRNSYS, INSEL, SPARK and the TRNSYS-based TRANSOL. A model of a virtual office building in Palermo climate was used for the generation of a load file that was applied in all simulations. Further, a common system layout, component sizing and specifications, and a control strategy for the more advanced simulation tools were defined. The simulated solar cooling system is a chilled water system applying a 35kW absorption chiller by Yazaki (WFC 10). Results show that a margin of around 6 % deviation of the thermal performance parameters from their mean seems the best possible in the crosscomparison of the three closest baseline simulations – however the upper margin of around 20 % observed for all simulations may be more close to the real margin of variation. This reflects the high uncertainty in results of pre-design simulations and underlines the need of a good technical understanding by the user of simulation tools.

National audience; no abstract

National audience; no abstract

National audience; J’expose ici les choix esthétiques de deux romancières afro-américaines contemporaines, leurs stratégies narratives et discursives afin de mettre en mots une Histoire sensible refoulée et de reconstruire, par le biais de la fiction, une mémoire du corps liée à l’expérience coloniale de la diaspora africaine. (Publication faisant suite à la journée d'études du CRLHOI "Langages, écritures et frontières du corps", Fév. 2010, U. de La Réunion).

International audience; Analyse critique de l'essai "Criteria of negro Art" de W.E.B. Du Bois