Search

Supplementary Material 1

Objectives E-cigarette use has become popular, particularly among the youth. Its use is associated with harmful general and oral health consequences. This survey aimed to assess self-reported oral hygiene practices, oral and general health events, and changes in physiological functions (including physical status, smell, taste, breathing, appetite, etc.) due to E-cigarette use among dental students. Methods This online, multicounty survey involved undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools across 11 different countries. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, E-cigarette practices, self-reported complaints, and associated physiological changes due to E-cigarette smoking. Data were descriptively presented as frequencies and percentages. A Chi-square test was used to assess the potential associations between the study group and sub-groups with the different factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS at P < 0.05. Results Most respondents reported regular brushing of their teeth, whereas only 70% used additional oral hygiene aids. Reported frequencies of complaints ranged from as low as 3.3% for tongue inflammation to as high as 53.3% for headache, with significant differences between E-cigarette users and non-users. Compared to non-smokers, E-cigarette users reported significantly higher prevalence of dry mouth (33.1% vs. 23.4%; P < 0.001), black tongue (5.9% vs. 2.8%; P = 0.002), and heart palpitation (26.3%% vs. 22.8%; P = 0.001). Although two-thirds of the sample reported no change in their physiological functions, E-cigarette users reported significant improvement in their physiological functions compared to never smokers or tobacco users. Conclusion Dental students showed good oral hygiene practices, but E-cigarette users showed a higher prevalence of health complications.

Objectives The extent to which dentists are happy with their profession and their life has not been well studied. The present study aimed to explore the level of happiness, satisfaction with life and psychological well-being among a sample of dental professionals from 21 countries. Materials and Methods The sample comprised 2,200 dentists from 21 countries. Three scales – Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Affect Balance Scale (ABS) – were used to measure the subjective responses. Data related to demographic and social characteristics were recorded. Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used as appropriate. Scales were correlated, and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify the independent determinants of SHS, SWLS and ABS. Data were analysed using the SPSS software program; a value of P r = 0.535, P < 0.001; SHS and ABS: r = 0.58, P < 0.001; and SWLS and ABS: r = 0.533, P < 0.001. Country of practice, age, qualification and monthly income were the significant independent predictors of SHS, SWLS and ABS. Conclusion Country of residence and social characteristics were associated with dentists’ responses regarding their feelings and subjective well-being.

Background: E-cigarette use is a trend worldwide nowadays with mounting evidence on associated morbidities and mortality. Dentists can modify the smoking behaviors of their patients. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, beliefs, attitude, and practice of E-cigarette use among dental students. Materials and methods: This multinational, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study recruited undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools in 11 countries. The outcome variable was current smoking status (non-smoker, E-cigarette user only, tobacco cigarette smoker only, dual user). The explanatory variables were country of residence, sex, age, marital status, and educational level. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the explanatory variables associated with E-cigarette smoking. Results: Of the 5697 study participants, 5156 (90.8%) had heard about E-cigarette, and social media was the most reported source of information for 33.2% of the participants. For the 5676 current users of E-cigarette and/or tobacco smoking, 4.5% use E-cigarette, and 4.6% were dual users. There were significant associations between knowledge and country (P< 0.05), educational level (B = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.21; P = 0.016) and smoking status (P< 0.05). The country of residence (P< 0.05) and smoking status (P< 0.05) were the only statistically significant factors associated with current smoking status. Similarly, there were statistically significant associations between attitude and country (P< 0.05 for one country only compared to the reference) and history of previous E-cigarette exposure (B = -0.52; 95% CI: -0.91, -0.13; P = 0.009). Also, the practice of E-cigarettes was significantly associated with country (P< 0.05 for two countries only compared to the reference) and gender (B = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.13; P = 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge of dental students about E-cigarette was unsatisfactory, yet their beliefs and attitudes were acceptable. Topics about E-cigarette should be implemented in the dental curriculum.

Statement of problem A comprehensive bibliometric analysis to determine different aspects of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry is lacking. Purpose The purpose of this bibliometric study was to analyze the characteristics of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry between 1970 and 2019. Material and methods The Web of Science Core Collection was used to retrieve 9 categories of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, including keywords and terms used, cited documents published, the countries and organizations of the authors, references, and sources cited during this period. Data were exported to a software program and analyzed for each 10-year period and for the entire 50 years. The highest 10 in each category were reported. Co-occurrence, couthorships, and linkage were also reported. Results A total of 11 989 records were reached by the search on the Web of Science Core Collection database; of which, 10 638 (92.9%) were included in the analysis. Articles made up 91.1%, of all records, with 217 review documents (1.8%). The most productive decade was 1980 to 1989 with 2936 documents. The total number of citations of all documents (available period 1980 to 2019) including self-citations was 155 112. During the period 1970 to 2019, 14 837 terms were used. The total number of keywords was 4933 (available period 1990 to 2019). There were 15 382 authors, 82 countries, and 2113 organizations identified in articles published in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry during this period, with most from the United States. There were 43 027 authors, 95 324 references, and 14 594 sources cited in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry during the period surveyed. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis provided a comprehensive overview of the impactful role of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry in contemporary dentistry, particularly in the field of prosthodontics.

Background: E-cigarette use is a trend worldwide nowadays with mounting evidence on associated morbidities and mortality. Dentists can modify the smoking behaviors of their patients. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, beliefs, attitude, and practice of E-cigarette use among dental students. Materials and methods: This multinational, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study recruited undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools in 11 countries. The outcome variable was current smoking status (non-smoker, E-cigarette user only, tobacco cigarette smoker only, dual user). The explanatory variables were country of residence, sex, age, marital status, and educational level. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the explanatory variables associated with E-cigarette smoking. Results: Of the 5697 study participants, 5156 (90.8%) had heard about E-cigarette, and social media was the most reported source of information for 33.2% of the participants. For the 5676 current users of E-cigarette and/or tobacco smoking, 4.5% use E-cigarette, and 4.6% were dual users. There were significant associations between knowledge and country (P< 0.05), educational level (B = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.21; P = 0.016) and smoking status (P< 0.05). The country of residence (P< 0.05) and smoking status (P< 0.05) were the only statistically significant factors associated with current smoking status. Similarly, there were statistically significant associations between attitude and country (P< 0.05 for one country only compared to the reference) and history of previous E-cigarette exposure (B = -0.52; 95% CI: -0.91, -0.13; P = 0.009). Also, the practice of E-cigarettes was significantly associated with country (P< 0.05 for two countries only compared to the reference) and gender (B = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.13; P = 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge of dental students about E-cigarette was unsatisfactory, yet their beliefs and attitudes were acceptable. Topics about E-cigarette should be implemented in the dental curriculum.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the distance measured from the distal outer of the eye to the parting line of the lips and the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) measured by two methods. Methods: One hundred and fourteen dental students (76 males and 38 females) were recruited for this study with mean age (22.34 ± 1.83) years. The distance from distal canthus of the eye to rima oris (eye-RO) was compared with two different measurements of the OVD (nasal [N] to gnathion [Gn], and subnasal [Sn] to menton [Me]). All distances were measured using modified digital caliper. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient test for correlations and paired samples t‑test for differences were used with a significant level of (P < 0.05). There was a positive significant correlation between the eye‑RO distance and the two measurements of the OVD. However, this correlation was stronger between eye-RO and the distance from the tip of the nose to the tip of the chin than that between eye-RO and the distance from the septum of the nose to the under of the chin (r = 0.313 with P = 0.0007, r = 0.296 with P = 0.0014), respectively. Conclusion: The distance from the outer canthus of the eye to the parting of the lips seems to be a reliable method in predicting the OVD and should relate to the distance from the tip of the nose to the tip of the chin.

Objective: To assess the gingival health status among preclinical and clinical Yemeni dental students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on preclinical and clinical students at Thamar University. The self-reported oral health behavior of dental students with their actual gingival status was evaluated. One hundred and ninety five volunteers (115 male and 80 females with mean age (21.71+1.72) who participated in this study completed the self-reported questionnaire. Subsequently a clinical examination for their gingival conditions was assessed. The clinical examination for the participants comprised plaque index, gingival index, gingival bleeding index, and calculus index. Results: The findings of this study showed that, the gingival health status was poor among dental students with no significant difference between preclinical and clinical students (P> 0.05). Females had better oral and gingival health status than males with significant differences (P< 0.05). The relationship between Khat chewing and smoking with gingival bleeding and calculus deposits was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Preclinical and clinical dental students showed poor gingival health status. It is recommended that the educational programs and preventing dentistry curriculum should be modified in order to improve oral health care level among Yemeni dental students.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the periodontal health status with some social characteristics and oral self-care practices among a sample of Yemeni dental students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate dental students at University of Thamar. Two hundreds (120 male and 80 female) volunteers (mean age: 21.82+1.96) who participated in the study completed the self-administered questionnaire. Subsequently a clinical examination for their gingival and periodontal conditions was performed. Crosstabs, Chi-squared test and Regression analysis were executed on the data. Results: The findings of the study showed that female subjects were significantly more than males in oral self-care practicing (P< 0.05). No significant relationship between the family income with all recorded scores was found (P> 0.05). Likewise, the relationship between periodontal conditions with the study phase was insignificant. Unequally significant relationships between oral self-care practices with the clinical recorded scores were observed. Conclusion: Dental students showed poor oral self-care practices which reflected on their periodontal health status. It is recommended that dental education and health care services should be improved to overcome these unsatisfactory results among the participants.

The management of tooth wear, has an important role in prosthodontics literature, from both preventive and restorative points of view.This case report presents the prosthodontic rehabilitation of two cases with severely worn dentition using fixed partial denture.

Objective: To measure the effect of different contact time between the alginate impression and type III dental stone on cast model properties in the terms of dimension stability, hardness and surface details reproduction. Material and methods: Sixty-seven cast models were obtained from stainless steel cylinder using alginate impression material and type III dental stone. Thirty-seven cast models were separated after one hour (control group) and 30 cast models were separated from impressions after 9 hours. The samples were evaluated under light microscope for surface details, measured by digital caliper for dimension stability and hardness was tested by making indentation on the cast then measuring the depth using digital caliper. Results: The dimension stability of cast models was not affected by increasing contact time between type III dental stone and alginate impression while surface details decreased. In the meanwhile, hardness was improved with increasing contact time. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, pouring of impression up to 9 hours can negatively affect the cast model properties in the term of details richness.

Fear from dental treatment is widespread distressing problem for the dentist. Anxiety mayhave an impact to the dentist-patient relationship and it may cause to misdiagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess thelevels of dental anxiety and fear among medical students at University of Thamar.