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Objectives. To investigate whether the 2016 US presidential election and the subsequent leak of a proposed change to the public charge rule reduced immigrant families’ participation in food and nutrition assistance programs. Methods. We used nationally representative data on n = 57 808 households in the United States from the 2015–2018 Current Population Survey–Food Security Supplement. We implemented difference-in-difference-in-difference analyses to investigate whether the election and proposed rule change produced decreases in immigrant families’ participation in food and nutrition assistance programs and whether such decreases varied according to state policy generosity toward immigrants. Results. Findings indicate significant and large decreases in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, School Breakfast Program, and National School Lunch Program participation among immigrants in moderately generous states but no changes to receipt of food assistance from nongovernmental sources or to household food insecurity. Conclusions. Both anti-immigrant rhetoric and the perceived threat of policy enactment can be enough to produce chilling effects that have potentially serious implications for the health of immigrant households and thus the health of the nation. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(12):1738–1746. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307011 )

Wound repair is a systematic biological program characterized by four overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Notwithstanding differences between species and distinct anatomical sites, the fundamental phases in the wound healing process are conserved among mammalian species. Oral wound healing is defined as an ideal wound healing model because it resolves rapidly and without scar formation. Understanding the regulation and contribution of the different molecular events that drive rapid wound healing in oral mucosa compared with those of the skin will help us define how these lesions heal more efficiently and may provide new therapeutic strategies that can be translated to the clinical settings for patients with chronic nonhealing wounds. Although all epithelial tissues have remarkable ability for tissue repair, the efficiency of such repair differs between epithelia (oral mucosa vs. cutaneous). This prompts the long-standing, fundamental biological and clinically relevant questions as to why and how does the oral mucosa achieve its enhanced wound healing capacity. In this review, we focus on (1) distinct innate wound healing capabilities of the oral mucosa, (2) lessons learned from comparative transcriptomic studies of oral mucosa versus skin, and (3) translation of findings to therapeutics for enhanced wound healing.

Collection of data for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) persons that is disaggregated by ethnic subgroup may identify disparities that are not apparent in aggregated data. Using content analysis, we identified national population surveys administered by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and evaluated trends in the collection of disaggregated AANHPI data between 2011 and 2021.In 2011, 4 of 15 surveys (27%) collected disaggregated data for Asian American, 2 of 15 surveys (13%) collected data on Native Hawaiian, and 2 of 15 surveys (13%) collected disaggregated data for Pacific Islander people. By 2019, 14 of 21 HHS-administered surveys (67%) collected disaggregated data for Asian American (6 subgroups), 67% collected data on Native Hawaiian, and 67% collected disaggregated data on Pacific Islander (3 subgroups) people.Collection of disaggregated AANHPI data in HHS-administered surveys increased from 2011 to 2021, but opportunities to expand collection and reporting remain. Strategies include outreach with community organizations, increased language assistance, and oversampling approaches. Increased availability and reporting of these data can inform health policies and mitigate disparities. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(10):1429–1435. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306969 )

Background: The PAOLA-1/ENGOT-ov25 trial showed improved progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in homologous recombination deficient (HRD) positive patients treated with olaparib, but not when HRD negative (HRD tested with MyChoice CDx PLUS [Myriad test]). Patients and methods: The academic Leuven HRD test consists of capture-based targeted sequencing of genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms and coding exons of eight HR genes including BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53. We compared the predictive value of the Leuven HRD versus Myriad HRD test for PFS and OS in the randomised PAOLA-1 trial. Results: 468 patients had left-over DNA after Myriad testing for Leuven HRD testing. Positive/negative/overall percent agreement for the Leuven versus Myriad HRD status was 95%/86%/91%, respectively. Tumours were HRD+ in 55% and 52%, respectively. In Leuven HRD+ patients, 5 years PFS (5yPFS) was 48.6% versus 20.3% (HR 0.431; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.312–0.595) for olaparib versus placebo, respectively (Myriad test 0.409; 95% CI 0.292–0.572). In Leuven HRD+/BRCAwt patients 5yPFS was 41.3% versus 12.6% (HR 0.497; 95% CI 0.316–0.783), and 43.6% versus 13.3% (HR 0.435; 95% CI 0.261–0.727) for the Myriad test. 5yOS was prolonged in the HRD+ subgroup with both tests 67.2% versus 54.4% (HR 0.663; 95% CI 0.442–0.995) for the Leuven test, and 68.0% versus 51.8% (HR 0.596 95% CI 0.393–0.904) for the Myriad test. HRD status was undetermined in 10.7% and 9.4% of the samples, respectively. Conclusions: A robust correlation between the Leuven HRD and Myriad test was observed. For HRD+ tumours, the academic Leuven HRD showed a similar difference in PFS and OS as the Myriad test.

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the deadliest and most destructive natural hazards in the Philippines. With global warming and climate change, it is important to have a better understanding of how TCs have changed and might change in the future, particularly the most damaging events. This study has analyzed how the characteristics and potential impacts of the most damaging TC events in the Philippines might change under different climate conditions. First, the ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model was evaluated in simulating an observed TC case in the Philippines wherein a high level of sensitivity to cumulus schemes. A trade-off between using Kain-Fritsch and Tiedtke schemes have been found. The TC intensity is also sensitive to the surface flux options used. The simulated track is most sensitive to cumulus scheme and spectral nudging. Our study also revealed low sensitivity to the initial and boundary conditions, with the four-ensemble member simulations having less spread than the simulations using different parameterization schemes. Next, an idealised set of simulations were performed using the chosen WRF setup to examine the response of three of the most damaging TC cases in the Philippines - Typhoons Haiyan (2013), Bopha (2012), Mangkhut (2018) - to changes in sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric temperature. Changes in SSTs resulted in changes in TC track, with the simulated TCs’ track to shifting northwards, and an increase (decrease) in SSTs resulting in an increase (decrease) in TC intensity, size, and rainfall. The increase in atmospheric temperature with the increase in SST resulted in more intense TCs. Finally, simulations were performed using the Pseudo-Global Warming (PGW) Technique and the WRF model at 5km resolution with cumulus convection parameterization (5kmCU) and at 3km without cumulus parameterization (3kmNoCU). The climate conditions for the pre-industrial and future periods were derived from a selection of the latest CMIP6 models. Simulations of the three TC cases under the pre-industrial climate, showed that global warming has so far weakly influenced the intensity of the TC cases, but did not have much influence on the TC cases’ track, size, and translation speed. We found that re-forecasting the three TCs under future warming scenarios leads to more intense TCs in terms of peak winds and rainfall, further increasing the wind-related cyclone damage potential (CDP) of Typhoons Haiyan, Bopha and Mangkhut in the future. The increase in the CDP ranges from ~1% to up to 37% in the future under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, primarily due to the increase in maximum winds. With the projected increases in TC-associated rainfall, TC-related damages due to flooding and landslides are also expected to increase in the future. There are relatively small changes in TC tracks, size, and translation speed under the future climate. This will have great implications in terms of disaster risk management and climate change adaptation in the future.

INTRODUCTION: In the 330-patient ADVOCATE trial of avacopan for the treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, in which 81% of patients had renal involvement, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) increased on average 7.3 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) in the avacopan group and 4.1 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) in the prednisone group (P = 0.029) at week 52. This new analysis examines the results in the patient subgroup with severe renal insufficiency at enrollment into the trial, i.e., eGFR ≤20 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). METHODS: eGFR was determined at baseline and over the course of the trial. Changes in eGFR were compared between the 2 treatment groups. RESULTS: In ADVOCATE, 27 of 166 patients (16%) in the avacopan group and 23 of 164 patients (14%) in the prednisone group had a baseline eGFR ≤20 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). At week 52, eGFR increased on average 16.1 and 7.7 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) in the avacopan and prednisone groups, respectively (P = 0.003). The last eGFR value measured during the 52-week treatment period was ≥2-fold higher than baseline in 41% of patients in the avacopan group compared to 13% in the prednisone group (P = 0.030). More patients in the avacopan group versus prednisone group had increases in eGFR above 20, 30, and 45 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), respectively. Serious adverse events occurred in 13 of 27 patients (48%) in the avacopan group and 16 of 23 patients (70%) in the prednisone group. CONCLUSION: Among patients with baseline eGFR ≤20 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) in the ADVOCATE trial, eGFR improved more in the avacopan group than in the prednisone group.

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that can result in lung fibrosis, and is strongly associated with the presence of serum anti-topoisomerase-I autoantibodies. A young man with genetic muscular dystrophy caused by titin-cap/telethonin (TCAP) gene mutation, developed a severe restrictive lung disease due to a fibrosing interstitial pneumonia secondary to systemic sclerosis with positive anti-topoisomerase-I antibodies. Using amino acid sequence alignment and protein structure modelling, we found that mutant telethonin exposes an amino acid sequence with significant homology to an immunodominant site of topoisomerase-I. Abnormal telethonin results in a loss of integrity of the sarcomere structure, which might result in rhabdomyolysis and abnormal protein exposure to the immune system. Our preliminary analysis suggests a possible role for mutant sarcomere protein telethonin as an immunogenic target recognised by anti-topoisomerase-I antibodies, which could explain the development of systemic sclerosis in this particular patient.

Each year in the United States, food banks receive more than one million kilograms of donated hunted game meat. The National Rifle Association’s (NRA’s) Hunters for the Hungry initiative has established programs in more than 40 states for hunters to take their harvested game animal to a meat processing facility and indicate intent to donate the resulting processed and packaged meat to a local food bank. Most donated game meat is ground deer meat (venison); other donated game includes wild hog and goose. Even though the presence of ammunition-derived metallic lead fragments in donated firearms-hunted meat has been recognized for more than a decade, most of the donated hunted meat is not inspected to discard meat containing lead fragments. An underlying lack of food safety standards for adulterated donated food increases risks to low-income recipients, who are already disproportionately affected by elevated blood lead levels (BLLs).2 Primary prevention is needed for this overlooked source of lead exposure.

A postmenopausal woman in her 60s was referred due to an elevated haemoglobin value found during her annual check-up. On physical examination, characteristic features of hyperandrogenism were observed which were not earlier mentioned. Laboratory investigations revealed polycythaemia accompanied by a normal erythropoietin and a negative analysis for JAK2-V617F mutation. A disproportionally and markedly elevated testosterone in combination with normal levels of adrenal androgens raised the suspicion of an ovarian source. CT scan showed nodular hyperdense lesions in both ovaries. A bilateral oophorectomy was performed and histological evaluation unfolded a Leydig cell ovarian tumour. Testosterone levels and haematological parameters normalised after surgery. Polycythaemia secondary to hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women is an extremely rare condition and patients should be carefully analysed for the presence of androgen-secreting neoplasms. Diagnosis of the underlying pathology requires careful history, physical examination and comprehensive investigation. Treatment for this condition is surgery and resolves polycythaemia.

Vascular compromise and resulting ischaemic injury are known rare complications of cosmetic filler injections. Most hyaluronic acid vascular compromises present early and can be treated effectively by hyaluronidase. Here we present a case of ischaemic wound and mucosal necrosis after cosmetic facial hyaluronic acid injection that appeared within hours of injection but was not diagnosed and treated for 5 days. At day 5, the patient was treated with hyaluronidase injection immediately followed by 14 sessions of daily hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Despite the delayed treatment, the patient had essentially complete recovery and the hyperbaric therapy was overall well-tolerated. Our case report suggests that hyaluronidase injection with concurrent daily HBOT sessions may be effective to allow recovery from late-presenting filler ischaemic complication. Furthermore, given the safety profile of HBOT, we suggest a more deliberate approach to this modality as a therapeutic adjunct by cosmetic practitioners when similar complications arise.

The article considers historical interaction between the Soviet Russia and the Weimar Republic related to prevention of caries in children in 1920s and the role of P. G. Dauge in it. The methodology of German Professor A. Kantorovich with minor alterations was adopted to be applied in organization of dental care of schoolchildren in the RSFSR. In the Soviet Russia, the practical implementation of planned oral cavity sanation in children started on a national scale only in second half of the 1920s. It was caused by skeptical attitude of dentists to methodology of “planned sanation” in conditions of the Soviet Russia.

Background: Confirmatory data on long-term effectiveness and safety of ixekizumb in psoriatic patients from real-world studies are needed. Objectives: The primary aim was to evaluate the 3-year drug survival of ixekizumab in the treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, in a multicenter real-world setting. The secondary aim was to assess the influence of predictive factors on the drug survival of ixekizumab. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on a cohort of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis, who received at least one dose of ixekizumab before December 2018. The drug survival analysis was performed, descriptively analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were carried out including variables considered of clinical importance. Results: A total of 306 patients was enrolled. The overall drug survival at 12, 24 and 36 months of treatment with ixekizumab was 92.11%, 83.85% and 80.19%, respectively. A higher probability (HR 2.34) of drug withdrawal was found among patients who had already received an anti-IL-17 agent compared with bio-naive patients (p 0.017). Conclusions: We found that ixekizumab is a biological agent characterized by a long term effectiveness, not influenced by several clinical factors and associated with a good safety profile.

BACKGROUND: Enrichment strategies from clinical trials for progressive systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) have not been tested in a real-life cohort.RESEARCH QUESTION: Do enrichment strategies for progressive ILD impact efficacy, repre-sentativeness, and feasibility in patients with SSc-ILD from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database?STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We applied the inclusion criteria of major recent SSc-ILD trials (Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Tocilizumab in Participants With Systemic Sclerosis [focuSSced], Scleroderma Lung Study II [SLS II], and Safety and Efficacy of Nintedanib in Systemic Sclerosis [SENSCIS]) and assessed progressive ILD, which was defined as absolute change in FVC and as significant progression (FVC decline $10%). Data were compared with all patients and with patients who did not fulfill any inclusion criteria. RESULTS: In total, 2,258 patients with SSc-ILD were included: 31.2% of the patients met SENSCIS criteria; 5.8% of the patients met SLS II criteria; 1.6% of the patients met focuSSced criteria, and 67.7% (1,529) of the patients did not meet any criteria. In the first 12 + 3 months, the absolute FVC decline in all patients and in patients who fulfilled criteria from SENSCIS was -0.1%, in patients who fulfilled criteria from focuSSced was -3.7%, and in patients who fulfilled criteria from SLS II was 2.3%, with accompanying more progressors in focuSSced. The patient populations that fulfilled the different study inclusion criteria significantly differed in various clinical parameters. In the second 12-month period, SENSCIS-enriched patients had a further absolute FVC% decline as described for the total cohort. In contrast, patients who fulfilled the focuSSced and SLS II criteria showed numeric improvement of lung function. There were no significant associations of enrichment criteria and ILD progression.INTERPRETATION: The application of enrichment criteria from previous clinical trials showed enrichment for progression with variable success, which led to selected patient populations reducing feasibility of recruitment. These findings are important for future clinical trial design and interpretation of the results of published trials.CHEST 2023; 163(3):586-598

An overview of the recent operations and the main results of cesium injection in the Source for the Production of Ions of Deuterium Extracted from Rf plasma (SPIDER) negative ion source are described in this contribution. In experiments without cesium injection, all SPIDER plants were tested to verify the basic expectations on the operational parameters (e.g., electron cooling effectiveness of magnetic filter field) and to determine its operational region. For beam properties, it was shown that the current density varies across the beam in the vertical direction. In preliminary cesium experiments, the expected increase of negative ion current and simultaneous decrease of co-extracted electrons were found, along with the influence of the control parameters (polarization of the plasma electrodes, magnetic filter field) on the SPIDER beam uniformity in the horizontal and vertical directions. It was shown that non-Gaussian tails can be identified in the angular distribution on the plane perpendicular to the beam propagation direction. Stray particles, nonhomogeneous beam and large divergence might result in unexpected heat and particle loads over ITER neutral beam injector (NBI) accelerator grids; it is the goal of SPIDER to assess and possibly to identify suitable methods for controlling these beam features. A major shutdown, planned for late 2021, to solve the issues identified during the operation and to carry out scheduled modifications, is outlined. Such improvements are expected to allow SPIDER to pursue the ITER requirements in terms of negative ion current, electron-to-ion ratio, and beam duration.

Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapor, aerosols, and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres. However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of other chemical species$-$in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules. Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.5-5.5 $\mu$m atmospheric transmission spectrum of WASP-39 b, a 1200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet, measured with JWST NIRSpec's PRISM mode as part of the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Team program. We robustly detect multiple chemical species at high significance, including Na (19$\sigma$), H$_2$O (33$\sigma$), CO$_2$ (28$\sigma$), and CO (7$\sigma$). The non-detection of CH$_4$, combined with a strong CO$_2$ feature, favours atmospheric models with a super-solar atmospheric metallicity. An unanticipated absorption feature at 4$\mu$m is best explained by SO$_2$ (2.7$\sigma$), which could be a tracer of atmospheric photochemistry. These observations demonstrate JWST's sensitivity to a rich diversity of exoplanet compositions and chemical processes., Comment: 41 pages, 4 main figures, 10 extended data figures, 4 tables. Under review in Nature

We use the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to search for air showers initiated by photons with an energy above 1019 eV. Photons in the zenith angle range from 30∘ to 60∘ can be identified in the overwhelming background of showers initiated by charged cosmic rays through the broader time structure of the signals induced in the water-Cherenkov detectors of the array and the steeper lateral distribution of shower particles reaching ground. Applying the search method to data collected between January 2004 and June 2020, upper limits at 95% CL are set to an E-2 diffuse flux of ultra-high energy photons above 1019 eV, 2 × 1019 eV and 4 × 1019 eV amounting to 2.11 × 10-3, 3.12 × 10-4 and 1.72 × 10-4 km-2 sr-1 yr-1, respectively. While the sensitivity of the present search around 2 × 1019 eV approaches expectations of cosmogenic photon fluxes in the case of a pure-proton composition, it is one order of magnitude above those from more realistic mixed-composition models. The inferred limits have also implications for the search of super-heavy dark matter that are discussed and illustrated.

Background: Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is a condition with high mortality. This survey assesses current attitudes and practices to manage AMI worldwide.Methods: A questionnaire survey about the practices of diagnosing and managing AMI, endorsed by several specialist societies, was sent to different medical specialists and hospitals worldwide. Data from individual health care professionals and from medical teams were collected.Results: We collected 493 individual forms from 71 countries and 94 team forms from 34 countries. Almost half of respondents were surgeons, and most of the responding teams (70%) were led by surgeons. Most of the respondents indicated that diagnosis of AMI is often delayed but rarely missed. Emergency revascularisation is often considered for patients with AMI but rarely in cases of transmural ischaemia (intestinal infarction). Responses from team hospitals with a dedicated special unit (14 team forms) indicated more aggressive revascularisation. Abdominopelvic CT-scan with intravenous contrast was suggested as the most useful diagnostic test, indicated by approximately 90% of respondents. Medical history and risk factors were thought to be more important in diagnosis of AMI without transmural ischaemia, whereas for intestinal infarction, plasma lactate concentrations and surgical exploration were considered more useful. In elderly patients, a palliative approach is often chosen over extensive bowel resection. There was a large variability in anticoagulant treatment, as well as in timing of surgery to restore bowel continuity.Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis of AMI is common despite wide availability of an adequate imaging modality, i.e. CT-scan. Large variability in treatment approaches exists, indicating the need for updated guidelines. Increased awareness and knowledge of AMI may improve current practice until more robust evidence becomes available. Adherence to the existing guidelines may help in improving differences in treatment and outcomes. Background: Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is a condition with high mortality. This survey assesses current attitudes and practices to manage AMI worldwide.Methods: A questionnaire survey about the practices of diagnosing and managing AMI, endorsed by several specialist societies, was sent to different medical specialists and hospitals worldwide. Data from individual health care professionals and from medical teams were collected.Results: We collected 493 individual forms from 71 countries and 94 team forms from 34 countries. Almost half of respondents were surgeons, and most of the responding teams (70%) were led by surgeons. Most of the respondents indicated that diagnosis of AMI is often delayed but rarely missed. Emergency revascularisation is often considered for patients with AMI but rarely in cases of transmural ischaemia (intestinal infarction). Responses from team hospitals with a dedicated special unit (14 team forms) indicated more aggressive revascularisation. Abdominopelvic CT-scan with intravenous contrast was suggested as the most useful diagnostic test, indicated by approximately 90% of respondents. Medical history and risk factors were thought to be more important in diagnosis of AMI without transmural ischaemia, whereas for intestinal infarction, plasma lactate concentrations and surgical exploration were considered more useful. In elderly patients, a palliative approach is often chosen over extensive bowel resection. There was a large variability in anticoagulant treatment, as well as in timing of surgery to restore bowel continuity.Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis of AMI is common despite wide availability of an adequate imaging modality, i.e. CT-scan. Large variability in treatment approaches exists, indicating the need for updated guidelines. Increased awareness and knowledge of AMI may improve current practice until more robust evidence becomes available. Adherence to the existing guidelines may help in improving differences in treatment and outcomes.

This conceptual design report provides a detailed account of the European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam (ESS$\nu$SB) feasibility study. This facility has been proposed after the measurements reported in 2012 of a relatively large value of the neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$, which raised the possibility of observing potential CP violation in the leptonic sector with conventional neutrino beams. The measured value of $\theta_{13}$ also privileges the $2^{nd}$ oscillation maximum for the discovery of CP violation instead of the more typically studied $1^{st}$ maximum. The sensitivity at this $2^{nd}$ oscillation maximum is about three times higher than at the $1^{st}$ one, which implies a reduced influence of systematic errors. Working at the $2^{nd}$ oscillation maximum requires a very intense neutrino beam with an appropriate energy. The world's most intense pulsed spallation neutron source, the European Spallation Source (ESS), will have a proton linac operating at 5\,MW power, 2\,GeV kinetic energy and 14~Hz repetition rate (3~ms pulse duration, 4\% duty cycle) for neutron production. In this design study it is proposed to double the repetition rate and compress the beam pulses to the level of microseconds in order to provide an additional 5~MW proton beam for neutrino production. The physics performance has been evaluated for such a neutrino super beam, in conjunction with a megaton-scale underground water Cherenkov neutrino detector installed at a distance of 360--550\,km from ESS. The ESS proton linac upgrades, the accumulator ring required for proton-pulse compression, the target station design and optimisation, the near and far detector complexes, and the physics potential of the facility are all described in this report. The ESS linac will be operational by 2025, at which point the implementation of upgrades for the neutrino facility could begin., Comment: 216 pages

We use the small scales of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 cosmic shear measurements, which are excluded from the DES Year-3 cosmological analysis, to constrain the baryonic feedback. To model the baryonic feedback, we adopt a baryonic correction model and use the numerical package \texttt{Baccoemu} to accelerate the evaluation of the baryonic nonlinear matter power spectrum. We design our analysis pipeline to focus on the constraints of the baryonic suppression effects, utilizing the implication given by a principal component analysis on the Fisher forecasts. Our constraint on the baryonic effects can then be used to better model and ameliorate the effects of baryons in producing cosmological constraints from the next generation large-scale structure surveys. We detect the baryonic suppression on the cosmic shear measurements with a $\sim 2 \sigma$ significance. The characteristic halo mass for which half of the gas is ejected by baryonic feedback is constrained to be $M_c > 10^{13.2} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ (95\% C.L.). The best-fit baryonic suppression is $\sim 5\%$ at $k=1.0 {\rm Mpc}\ h^{-1}$ and $\sim 15\%$ at $k=5.0 {\rm Mpc} \ h^{-1}$. Our findings are robust with respect to the assumptions about the cosmological parameters, specifics of the baryonic model, and intrinsic alignments., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures. DES Collaboration, Year-3 analysis

Aims To develop quality indicators (QIs) for the evaluation of the prevention and management of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity. Methods and results We followed the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) methodology for QI development which comprises (i) identifying the key domains of care for the prevention and management of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity in patients on cancer treatment, (ii) performing a systematic review of the literature to develop candidate QIs, and (iii) selecting of the final set of QIs using a modified Delphi process. Work was undertaken in parallel with the writing of the 2022 ESC Guidelines on Cardio-Oncology and in collaboration with the European Haematology Association, the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and the International Cardio-Oncology Society. In total, 5 main and 9 secondary QIs were selected across five domains of care: (i) Structural framework, (ii) Baseline cardiovascular risk assessment, (iii) Cancer therapy related cardiovascular toxicity, (iv) Predictors of outcomes, and (v) Monitoring of cardiovascular complications during cancer therapy. Conclusion We present the ESC Cardio-Oncology QIs with their development process and provide an overview of the scientific rationale for their selection. These indicators are aimed at quantifying and improving the adherence to guideline-recommended clinical practice and improving patient outcomes.

M. Dixon et al., We use stacked spectra of the host galaxies of photometrically identified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to search for correlations between Hubble diagram residuals and the spectral properties of the host galaxies. Utilizing full spectrum fitting techniques on stacked spectra binned by Hubble residual, we find no evidence for trends between Hubble residuals and properties of the host galaxies that rely on spectral absorption features (, MD would like to acknowledge support through an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. This research was supported by the Australian Research Council The Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Particle Physics (CDM; project number CE200100008) and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav; project number CE170100004). This project/publication was made possible through the support of a grant from the John Templeton Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge this grant ID 61807, Two Standard Models Meet. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NSF’s NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF’s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. Based on data acquired at the Anglo-Australian Telescope, under program A/2013B/012. We acknowledge the traditional custodians of the land on which the AAT stands, the Gamilaraay people, and pay our respects to elders past and present.

115 p.-4 fig.-45 fig. supl.-14 tab supl., Mixed plastics waste represents an abundant and largely untapped feedstock for the production of valuable products. The chemical diversity and complexity of thesematerials, however, present major barriers to realizing this opportunity. In this work, we show that metal-catalyzed autoxidation depolymerizes comingled polymers into a mixture of oxygenated small molecules that are advantaged substrates for biological conversion. We engineer a robust soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida, to funnel these oxygenated compounds into a single exemplary chemical product, either b-ketoadipate or polyhydroxyalkanoates. This hybrid process establishes a strategy for the selective conversion of mixed plastics waste into useful chemical products., Funding was provided by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO), and Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO). This work was performed as part of the BOTTLE Consortium and was supported by AMO and BETO under contract no. DE-AC36- 08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. The BOTTLE Consortium includes members from MIT, funded under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with NREL. Contributions by S.S.S. were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under award no. DEFG02-05ER15690.

AA amyloidosis may complicate several chronic inflammatory conditions. From a clinical point of view, causality between inflammatory pathology and AA amyloidosis can be assumed because of the data described in the literature; some of the best known include rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic infections. Singles cases of inflammatory diseases have been found at AA amyloidosis. Causality becomes more plausible if at least two different cases with AA amyloidosis are both found to have the same rare inflammatory disease. We describe the case of a patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) with development of AA amyloidosis conditioning a nephrotic syndrome, likely secondary to failure to control the chronic inflammatory process. Only two cases in the literature describe the association of this rare disease and the appearance of AA amyloidosis. The treatment of AA amyloidosis consists in treating the underlying inflammatory disorder; to date, few effective treatments are available for PSC. Therefore, and in view of the limited data in the literature, we believe it is important to describe its association.

Background: Mutations occurring in the epidermal growth factor receptor of the tyrosine kinase family concerned with non-small cell lung cancer have been specifically targeted. Objectives: The library design and R-group enhancement technique have been carried out on the pre existing marketed drugs to increase the binding affinity of the designed novel compounds. The screening of compounds was done using a flexible docking protocol. Methods: Molecular docking studies provided information about binding pockets and interactions of molecules with the mutant (PDB: 4I1Z) as well as wild-type (PDB: 4I23) EGFR enzymes. The flexible docking was well supported by ADMET and molecular dynamic simulation studies. Results: On the basis of docking score and protein-ligand interactions, the highest-scoring molecule was selected for molecular dynamics simulation, providing a complete insight into the ligand interaction and saturation Conclusion: The screened molecules can act as potential EGFR inhibitors in the management of drug resistance.

Cowpeas are of high socioeconomic importance in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, whereby the search for alternatives that offer increased productivity with financial returns has become an important challenge. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate and evaluate the economic indicators of cowpea production in 2015 and 2016 when applying drip irrigation to different depths. Irrigation treatments were based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The experiment was laid in a randomized complete blocks design with four treatments (0, 25, 50, and 100% ETc) and six replications. For economic analysis, the results were extrapolated to an area of one hectare. Productivity in 2015 was lower than that in 2016; however, in all treatments, it was always higher when plants were grown under adequate water supply. In both years, the total operating costs were higher under irrigation than under rainfed conditions. The 100% ETc treatment resulted in a greater number of cowpea bags (60 kg) produced and a higher gross revenue than the rainfed treatment by 17 bags ha-1, equivalent to 1,020 kg ha-1 (gross revenue US$ 711.48) and 16 bags ha-1, equivalent to 960 kg ha-1 (gross revenue US$ 867.12), in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Water deficit limited cowpea yield in both years but made cultivation economically unfeasible only in 2015. RESUMO O feijão-caupi apresenta grande importância socioeconômica nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, sendo que a busca por alternativas que ofereçam aumento de produtividade com retorno financeiro tem se tornado um importante desafio. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar e avaliar os indicadores econômicos da produção de feijão-caupi nos anos de 2015 e 2016 quando da aplicação de irrigação por gotejamento em diferentes lâminas. Os tratamentos de irrigação foram baseados na evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc). O experimento foi instalado em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos (0, 25, 50 e 100% da ETc) e seis repetições. Para análise econômica, os resultados foram extrapolados para uma área de um hectare. A produtividade em 2015 foi inferior à de 2016; porém, em todos os tratamentos, a produtividade foi sempre maior quando as plantas foram cultivadas sob irrigação adequada. Em ambos os anos, os custos operacionais totais foram maiores sob irrigação do que sob condições de sequeiro. O tratamento 100% ETc resultou em maior número de sacas de feijão-caupi (60 kg) produzidas e receita bruta superior ao tratamento de sequeiro em 17 sacas ha-1, equivalente a 1.020 kg ha-1 (receita bruta US$ 711,48) e 16 sacas ha-1, equivalente a 960 kg ha-1 (receita bruta US$ 867,12), em 2015 e 2016, respectivamente. A deficiência hídrica limitou a produtividade do feijão-caupi nos dois anos, mas inviabilizou economicamente o cultivo apenas em 2015.

About one hundred magnets of six different types shall be installed in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in the years 2026-2028 at CERN. The magnets design, construction and test are based on CERN collaborations with institutes and industrial partners in USA, Spain, Italy, Japan and China. Three types of correctors are based on Nb‒Ti technology and feature conductor peak fields in the 2 to 4 T range: for all of them the prototype phase has been successfully completed. The production is well advanced for the superferric correctors, and is starting for the canted cosine theta correctors and for the nested correctors. The separation and recombination Nb‒Ti dipoles D1 and D2, with a 4.5-6 T bore field range, are both in the prototype phase after the completion of the short model program. The most challenging magnet, the Nb3Sn quadrupole with conductor peak field above 11 T, is in the prototype phase at CERN and halfway through the production phase in the USA. In this paper we will give, for each type of magnet, an overview of the main achievements obtained so far and we will outline the technical points still needing validation from the prototype program.

We propose a novel approach to detect a low power microwave signal with a frequency of the order of several GHz based on a coherent collective response of quantum states occurring in a superconducting qubits network (SQN). An SQN composes of a large number of superconducting qubits embedded in a low-dissipative superconducting resonator. Our theory predicts that an SQN interacting with the off-resonance microwave radiation, demonstrates the collective alternating current Stark effect that can be measured even in the limit of single photon counting. A design of the layout of three terminals SQN detectors containing 10 flux qubits weakly coupled to a low-dissipative R-resonator and T-transmission line was developed. The samples were fabricated by Al-based technology with Nb resonator. The SQN detector was tested in terms of microwave measurements of scattering parameters and two-tone spectroscopy. A substantial shift of the frequency position of the transmission coefficient drop induced by a second tone pump signal was observed, and this effect clearly manifests a nonlinear multiphoton interaction between the second-tone microwave pump signal and an array of qubits.

Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) is a new observational technique that uses low-resolution observations of line emission to efficiently trace the large-scale structure of the Universe out to high redshift. Common mm/sub-mm emission lines are accessible from ground-based observatories, and the requirements on the detectors for LIM at mm-wavelengths are well matched to the capabilities of large-format arrays of superconducting sensors. We describe the development of an R = 300 on-chip superconducting filter-bank spectrometer covering the 120--180 GHz band optimized for future mm-LIM experiments, focusing on SPT-SLIM, a pathfinder LIM instrument for the South Pole Telescope. Radiation is coupled from the telescope optical system to the spectrometer chip via an array of feedhorn-coupled orthomode transducers. Superconducting microstrip transmission lines then carry the signal to an array of channelizing half-wavelength resonators, and the output of each spectral channel is sensed by a lumped element kinetic inductance detector (leKID). Key areas of development include incorporating new low-loss dielectrics to improve both the achievable spectral resolution and optical efficiency and development of a robust fabrication process to create a galvanic connection between ultra-pure superconducting thin-films to realize multi-material (hybrid) leKIDs. We provide an overview of the spectrometer design, fabrication process, and prototype devices., 7 pages, 7 figures, presented at 2022 Applied Superconductivity Conference

We have fabricated and characterized at low temperatures Nb/Ni/(Al/Ni)14/Nb lateral junctions and Nb micro-SQUIDs involving (Al/Py)10 multilayers (here Py is permalloy: 80% Ni − 20% Fe). We have studied - curves and Josephson critical current as a function of an external magnetic field Ic(H) at various temperatures and orientations of the applied magnetic field. These studies revealed that, for some orientations of the externally applied magnetic field, the Ic(H) dependence of the lateral junctions has a component highly sensitive to magnetic field. In addition, we have observed a SQUID-like Ic(H) dependence for devices, in which an orthogonally oriented (with respect to the substrate) Nb loop that includes two nanoscopic Josephson junctions is filled with a (Al/Py)10 multilayer. We believe the devices presented here are promising as magnetic field sensors on nanoscale for various applications where high spatial resolution is required

Abstract: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019 with severe respiratory failure and organ damage that later appeared as a pandemic disease. Worldwide, people’s mental and physical health and socioeconomic have been affected. Currently, with no promising treatment for COVID-19, the existing anti-viral drugs and vaccines are the only hope to boost the host immune system to reduce morbidity and mortality rate. Unfortunately, several reports show that people who are partially or fully vaccinated are still susceptible to COVID-19 infection. Evidence suggests that COVID-19 immunopathology may include dysregulation of macrophages and monocytes, reduced type 1 interferons (IFN-1), and enhanced cytokine storm that results in hypersecretion of proinflammatory cytokines, capillary leak syndrome, intravascular coagulation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ultimately leading to the worsening of patient’s condition and death in most cases. The recent use of cell-based therapies such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for critically ill COVID-19 patients has been authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to alleviate cytokine release syndrome. It protects the alveolar epithelial cells by promoting immunomodulatory action and secreting therapeutic exosomes to improve lung function and attenuate respiratory failure. As a result, multiple clinical trials have been registered using MSCs that aim to use various cell sources, and dosages to promote safety and efficacy against COVID-19 infection. In this review, the possibility of using MSCs in COVID-19 treatment and its associated challenges in their use have been briefly discussed.

The RGD motif on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been suggested to interact with RGD-binding integrins αVβ3 and α5β1 to enhance viral cell entry and alter downstream signaling cascades. The D405N mutation on the Omicron subvariant spike proteins, resulting in an RGN motif, has recently been shown to inhibit binding to integrin αVβ3. Deamidation of asparagines in protein ligand RGN motifs has been demonstrated to generate RGD and RGisoD motifs that permit binding to RGD-binding integrins. Two asparagines, N481 and N501, on the Wild-type spike receptor-binding domain have been previously shown to have deamidation half-lives of 16.5 and 123 days, respectively, which may occur during the viral life cycle. Deamidation of Omicron subvariant N405 may recover the ability to interact with RGD-binding integrins. Thus, herein, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the Wild-type and Omicron subvariant spike protein receptor-binding domains were conducted to investigate the potential for asparagines, the Omicron subvariant N405 in particular, to assume the optimized geometry for deamidation to occur. In summary, the Omicron subvariant N405 was primarily found to be stabilized in a state unfavourable for deamidation after hydrogen bonding with downstream E406. Nevertheless, a small number of RGD or RGisoD motifs on the Omicron subvariant spike proteins may restore the ability to interact with RGD-binding integrins. The simulations also provided structural clarification regarding the deamidation rates of Wild-type N481 and N501 and highlighted the utility of tertiary structure dynamics information in predicting asparagine deamidation. Further work is needed to characterize the effects of deamidation on spike-integrin interactions.

The purpose of this ambispective study was to investigate whether deep learning-based automatic segmentation and landmark detection, the SkullEngine, could be used for orthognathic surgical planning. Sixty-one sets of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were automatically inferred for midface, mandible, upper and lower teeth, and 68 landmarks. The experimental group included automatic segmentation and landmarks, while the control group included manual ones that were previously used to plan orthognathic surgery. The qualitative analysis of segmentation showed that all of the automatic results could be used for computer-aided surgical simulation. Among these, 98.4% of midface, 70.5% of mandible, 98.4% of upper teeth, and 93.4% of lower teeth could be directly used without manual revision. The Dice similarity coefficient was 96% and the average symmetric surface distance was 0.1 mm for all four structures. With SkullEngine, it took 4 minutes to complete the automatic segmentation and an additional 10 minutes for a manual touchup. The results also showed the overall mean difference between the two groups was 2.3 mm for the midface and 2.4 mm for the mandible. In summary, the authors believe that automatic segmentation using SkullEngine is ready for daily practice. However, the accuracy of automatic landmark digitization needs to be improved.