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The reduced Jurassic sedimentary sequences deposited on a structural high in the Umbria-Marche Apennines, as well their relationships with adjacent expanded basinal sequences, have been reconstructed through detailed, interdisciplinary study of the Sasso di Pale and Monte Serrone areas near Foligno, Italy. The physiographic features of the basin originated in the Early Jurassic (latest early Pliensbachian), when extensional tectonic activity broke up a shallow water platform where the Calcare Massiccio had been deposited, and the area evolved from an edge-stepped structural high to a distally steepened ramp. The biostratigraphic framework of this paper is mainly based on calcareous nannofossils, which are a useful tool for dating condensed Jurassic successions. Although the sections studied have limited thickness and much lateral facies variation, the sedimentary evolution can be traced and interpreted within a wider Jurassic environmental perspective. In the upper Pliensbachian–lower Bajocian interval, local sea-level variations are compatible with the global sea-level curve. Furthermore, some of the characteristic events—such as the Pliensbachian–Toarcian crisis, the Early Toarcian Jenkyns Event, and the Middle Jurassic carbonate crisis—can be recognized. The present study shows how the reconstruction of local paleogeography can fit into a more general framework and how regional and global signals can be recognized even in a small structural high such as the one we have investigated.

Rich and well preserved radiolarian assemblages from the Middle Triassic radiolarian cherts of the Monte Facito Formation, Lagonegro succession (Southern Apennines, Italy), contain new Late Anisian taxa. These radiolarian cherts represent the oldest deep-water sediments of the Lagonegro Basin, representing pelagic conditions since the Late Anisian. Six new species are here described: Tiborella tribullata , Baratuna lucana , Hozmadia lagonegroensis , Hozmadia (?) simplex , Bulbocyrtium multiporatum , Planispinocyrtis curta .

The base of the Rhaetian stage (Norian/Rhaetian boundary, NRB) is still awaiting formal designation by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. At present, only the 4.30-m-thick Steinbergkogel section (Austria) has been proposed as GSSP (Global Stratotype Section and Point) candidate for the base of the Rhaetian. Here we present data from the 63-m-thick Pignola-Abriola section (Southern Apennines, Italy) that we consider an alternative candidate for the Rhaetian GSSP. The Pignola-Abriola basinal section, represented by hemipelagic-pelagic carbonate successions belonging to the Lagonegro Basin, matches all the requirements for a GSSP: 1, it is well exposed with minimal structural deformation; 2, it is rich in age diagnostic fossils (e.g. conodonts and radiolarians); 3, it yields a geochemical record suitable for correlation (e.g. d13Corg/carb); and 4, it has a robust magnetostratigraphy and is correlated with the Newark APTS for age approximation of the NRB and additional Rhaetian bioevents. In the Pignola-Abriola section, we opt to place the NRB at the 44.4 metre level, coincident with a prominent negative shift of ca. 6& of the d13Corg. This level is located 50 cm below the FAD of conodont Misikella posthernsteini s.s within the radiolarian Proparvicingula moniliformis Zone. Both the negative d13Corg shift and the FAD of Misikella posthernsteini occur within Pignola-Abriola magnetozone MPA-5r, at ~205.7 Ma, according to magnetostratigraphical correlation to the Newark APTS. We also illustrate the coeval Mt. Volturino stratigraphical section deposited below the calcite compensation depth (CCD) within the same Lagonegro Basin and characterized by a detailed radiolarian biostratigraphy and strong d13Corg negative shift around the NRB.

In the framework of the archeological investigations of an outstanding Roman Villas in Tuscany (Villa dell"Oratorio, in the territory of Capraia e Limite, Florence), archaeometric studies have been perfomed with the aim to characterize building and decorative materials and retrace construction phases and manufacture technology. The Villas, built in the middle of the 4th century, includes a hexagonal structure, about 30 meters in diameter, decorated with painted wall plasters and beautiful figurative floor mosaics. The structure is equipped with apsed rooms (at least 5), exhibiting similarity with some monumental triclinia of Constantinople and Rome. Archaeometric analyses have been carried out on mortars, stones and vitreous tesserae, with the aim to identify the raw materials and support the archaeological investigation about cultural models and economic status of the aristocratic owner in the Late Roman Tuscany. Mortars samples from different building units of the Villas have been studied through minero-petrographic and thermogravimetric methods. Stone tesserae have been analyzed by minero-petrographic and sedimentologic methods, to obtain information on the provenance of the raw materials used. Finally, Raman spectroscopy and SEM-EDS analyses have been performed on vitreous tesserae, to obtain information on colouring and opaquening agents. The studies carried out on the building elements suggested that, in spite of iconographic and architectural models proper of the great Mediterranean villae, local and spolia raw materials were used in this great construction work.

Comparison of radiolarian assemblages from marls in the Gorgo a Cerbara section in the Umbria–Marche Basin in central Italy and a siliceous sequence (BB1 section) near Babazhadong in southern Tibet indicates similar faunas comparable to those in the Aurisaturnalis carinatus zone and the Turbocapsula costata zone. Several significant species, Archaeodictyomitra lacrimula (Foreman), A. excellens (Tan Sin Hok), Dictyomitra communis (Squinabol), and Aurisaturnalis carinatus perforatus Dumitrica and Dumitrica-Jud, which are common in older strata, make their last occurrences near the base of the Turbocapsula costata zone in these two areas. Comparison with the Gorgo a Cerbara section provides an accurate age constraint for the siliceous succession in southern Tibet, which contains no fossils other than radiolarians. The comparison indicates a close connection between the western and eastern Tethys during the Barremian to early Aptian. The correlation testifies that the radiolarian zonation in southern Tibet is applicable for the whole Tethys. The siliceous succession in BB1 section encompasses the early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE 1a). The early Aptian OAE 1a is located in the upper part of the Aurisaturnalis carinatus perforatus subzone. The first occurrence biohorizon of the genus Turbocapsula and the evolutionary first appearance biohorizon of T. costata costata (Wu) are useful markers for constraining the OAE 1a in the Tethys.

Pizzo Mondello is a ca. 500 m thick pelagic-hemipelagic succession cropping out in Sicily consisting of a nodular cherty limestone facies association of late Carnian to late Norian age. The uppermost portion was attributed to the Rhaetian and is represented by the plane-bedded Portella Gebbia Limestone. The section has been proposed as the stratotype for the base of the Norian stage. The calcareous nannofossil content of limestones was studied with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in two portions of the Pizzo Mondello section, one within 'La Cava' that encompasses all the proposed horizons for the base of the Norian, and one within the Portella Gebbia Limestone in the uppermost part of the section. Calcareous nannofossil assemblages of the first portion display low diversity, being constituted exclusively by calcispheres, that may constitute up to 40% of the sediment volume. Species richness increases in the upper portion. Initially, samples are dominated by Prinsiosphaera triassica, a nannolith of unknown taxonomic affinity. Rare calcareous dinocysts (Thoracosphaera cf. geometrica) and coccoliths are present in few samples. Uppermost samples are still dominated by "calcispheres" comparable to Thoracosphaera, but also yield a variety of coccoliths and nannoliths. Calcareous nannofossil distribution was calibrated with conodont and radiolarian biostratigraphy. On the basis of this integrated work, specimens attributed to cf. Thoracosphaera, observed in the lower portion of the section, are late Carnian to early Norian, while samples dominated by Prinsiosphaera, with rare Thoracosphaera and coccoliths are Rhaetian. The calcareous nannofossil assemblage of the uppermost samples, along with radiolarians and the absence of conodonts, point to a Jurassic age (Pliensbachian) for the uppermost Portella Gebbia Limestone at Pizzo Mondello. In conclusion, the age of the uppermost part of the Pizzo Mondello section is Jurassic, i.e., younger than previously thought. Calcareous nannofossils are present from the base of section and exhibit a significant taxonomic diversity, thus providing an auxiliary biostratigraphic frame for the Rhaetian - Jurassic interval in this area., Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 118, No 1