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Resumen: A escala mundial las empresas siguen avanzando en la implementación de inteligencia artificial y robotización para el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación de productos y servicios; sin embargo, para lograrlo con éxito se encuentran con obstáculos internos, como el sabotaje de conocimientos y el síndrome no inventado aquí, que perjudican el desarrollo de nuevos productos. Este estudio analiza la relación entre el sabotaje de conocimientos, el síndrome no inventado aquí y el desempeño innovador y el efecto moderador de la conciencia en torno a la inteligencia artificial y a la robotización. El testeo del modelo de investigación se realizó mediante ecuaciones estructurales en una muestra de empresas manufactureras de media y baja tecnologías y de servicios de Medellín. Se identificó que el síndrome no inventado aquí influye positivamente en el sabotaje de conocimientos y este actúa negativamente sobre el desempeño innovador. Los hallazgos incrementan la literatura sobre un tema emergente en Colombia como el sabotaje de conocimiento e incentiva las investigaciones alrededor del efecto de la inteligencia artificial y la robotización. Abstract: On a global scale, companies continue to advance in the implementation of artificial intelligence and robotization for technological development and product and service innovation; however, to achieve this successfully, they encounter internal obstacles, such as knowledge sabotage and the not-invented-here syndrome, which hinder the development of new products. This study analyzes the relationship between knowledge sabotage, the not- invented-here syndrome, and innovative performance and the moderating effect of awareness regarding artificial intelligence and robotization. The testing of the research model was carried out using structural equations in a sample of medium and low technology manufacturing and service companies in Medellín. It recognized that the not- invented-here syndrome positively influences the sabotage of knowledge and this acts negatively on innovative performance. The findings increase the literature on an emerging topic in Colombia such as the sabotage of knowledge and encourage research regarding the effect of artificial intelligence and robotization. Resumo: Em escala global, as empresas continuam avançando na implementação de inteligência artificial e robotização para o desenvolvimento tecnológico e inovação de produtos e serviços; porém, para isso, encontram obstáculos internos, como a sabotagem do conhecimento e a síndrome do não-inventado-aqui, que dificultam o desenvolvimento de novos produtos. Este estudo analisa a relação entre a sabotagem do conhecimento, a síndrome do não inventado aqui, e o desempenho inovador e o efeito moderador da conscientização em torno da inteligência artificial e da robotização. O teste do modelo de pesquisa foi realizado usando equações estruturais em uma amostra de empresas de manufatura e serviços de média e baixa tecnologia em Medellín. Identificou-se que a síndrome não inventada aqui influencia positivamente na sabotagem do conhecimento e isso atua negativamente no desempenho inovador. As descobertas aumentam a literatura sobre um tema emergente na Colômbia, como a sabotagem do conhecimento, e incentivam pesquisas sobre o efeito da inteligência artificial e da robotização.

In this article, we analyze the direct effects of the open innovation (OI) processes of acquisition and exploitation on innovation performance (IP), as well as the effects of two antecedents of OI: organizational emotional capability (EC) and rivaĺs absorptive capacity orientation (RACO). RACO implies processing external information in an analytical manner, whereas an intuitive approach is implicit in EC. The research model is tested in a sample of medium-low-technology Colombian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using structural equations by the consistent partial least squares method. Our results provide evidence on a significant effect of the OI acquisition process on IP, as well as the determining role of RACO for firm-level innovation, in that it functions not only as an informal mechanism for intellectual property rights protection, but also as a knowledge process nourishing the OI exploitation process. This article contributes to the incipient research field of OI in low- and medium-technology SMEs, offering new evidence on the results on the OI-IP relationship in contrast with previous studies conducted in other technological contexts. Furthermore, EC, which has traditionally proven its incidence on internal innovation activities, can have a more powerful and determining role in innovation processes that imply collaborative work with third parties.

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PDF file, 70K, Availability of information on tumor morphology and receptor status for Europeans, by each included BCAC study.

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Background: The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 5p12-rs10941679 has been found to be associated with risk of breast cancer, particularly estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease. We aimed to further explore this association overall, and by tumor histopathology, in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.Methods: Data were combined from 37 studies, including 40,972 invasive cases, 1,398 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 46,334 controls, all of white European ancestry, as well as 3,007 invasive cases and 2,337 controls of Asian ancestry. Associations overall and by tumor invasiveness and histopathology were assessed using logistic regression.Results: For white Europeans, the per-allele OR associated with 5p12-rs10941679 was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.08–1.14, P = 7 × 10−18) for invasive breast cancer and 1.10 (95% CI = 1.01–1.21, P = 0.03) for DCIS. For Asian women, the estimated OR for invasive disease was similar (OR = 1.07, 95%CI = 0.99–1.15, P = 0.09). Further analyses suggested that the association in white Europeans was largely limited to progesterone receptor (PR)-positive disease (per-allele OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.12–1.20, P = 1 × 10−18 vs. OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99–1.07, P = 0.2 for PR-negative disease; Pheterogeneity = 2 × 10−7); heterogeneity by ER status was not observed (P = 0.2) once PR status was accounted for. The association was also stronger for lower grade tumors [per-allele OR (95% CI) = 1.20 (1.14–1.25), 1.13 (1.09–1.16), and 1.04 (0.99–1.08) for grade 1, 2, and 3/4, respectively; Ptrend = 5 × 10−7].Conclusion: 5p12 is a breast cancer susceptibility locus for PR-positive, lower grade breast cancer.Impact: Multicenter fine-mapping studies of this region are needed as a first step to identifying the causal variant or variants. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(10); 2222–31. ©2011 AACR.

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PDF file, 57K, Genotyping characteristics of each BCAC participating study.

Background: Our recent genome-wide association study identified a novel breast cancer susceptibility locus at 9q31.2 (rs865686).Methods: To further investigate the rs865686–breast cancer association, we conducted a replication study within the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, which comprises 37 case–control studies (48,394 cases, 50,836 controls).Results: This replication study provides additional strong evidence of an inverse association between rs865686 and breast cancer risk [study-adjusted per G-allele OR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88; 0.91, P = 2.01 × 10−29] among women of European ancestry. There were ethnic differences in the estimated minor (G)-allele frequency among controls [0.09, 0.30, and 0.38 among, respectively, Asians, Eastern Europeans, and other Europeans; P for heterogeneity (Phet) = 1.3 × 10−143], but no evidence of ethnic differences in per allele OR (Phet = 0.43). rs865686 was associated with estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) disease (per G-allele OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86–0.91; P = 3.13 × 10−22) but less strongly, if at all, with ER-negative (ER−) disease (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.94–1.02; P = 0.26; Phet = 1.16 × 10−6), with no evidence of independent heterogeneity by progesterone receptor or HER2 status. The strength of the breast cancer association decreased with increasing age at diagnosis, with case-only analysis showing a trend in the number of copies of the G allele with increasing age at diagnosis (P for linear trend = 0.0095), but only among women with ER+ tumors.Conclusions: This study is the first to show that rs865686 is a susceptibility marker for ER+ breast cancer.Impact: The findings further support the view that genetic susceptibility varies according to tumor subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(10); 1783–. ©2012 AACR.

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PDF file, 107K, Summary characteristics of the participating BCAC case-control studies.

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PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the moderating effect of technological turbulence caused by artificial intelligence on the relationship between the traditional knowledge management strategies of personalization (tacit knowledge) and codification (explicit knowledge), and organizational improvisation, which refers to the firm's ability to generate ideas and respond to changes in the technological environment in real time. Until now, individuals have played a key and indispensable role in organizational improvisation since they are the owners of tacit knowledge and users of explicit knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe research model was tested in a sample of firms from sectors in which the adoption of intelligent robots is growing.FindingsBoth personalization and codification have a positive and significant influence on improvisation, the former to a greater extent. Nevertheless, when technological turbulence caused by artificial intelligence occurs, the relationship between personalization and improvisation is weakened, whereas the link between codification and improvisation is strengthened.Originality/valueContrary to the pre-digital literature consensus, explicit knowledge is becoming the new major driver of organizational improvisation, while tacit knowledge sharing is losing strength and relevance. This finding may be a first indication that intelligent robots are the new exponents of improvisation for their ability to respond to changes in the environment in real time because of a combination of explicit knowledge, beyond being a mere support tool for humans.

PurposeDespite the increase in studies focused on analyzing the potential of big data analytics capability (BDAC) as a driver of product and process innovation, it is still necessary to understand how the use of insights generated by BDAC in innovation may be maximized through articulation with individuals' intellect and other processes involving the assimilation and transformation of knowledge. This study thus aims to analyze the impact of BDAC's deployment on innovation capability (IC – process and product innovation capabilities), taking absorptive capacity (AC) as mediating variable in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachStructural equations were used to test the research model with survey data from 112 firms located in an emerging country that is one of the digital transformation leaders in the region.FindingsThe results show that 37% of process IC variance is explained by the indirect relationship via the variable mediator (AC), while in the case of product IC this percentage is 34%.Originality/valueThese results allow us to ascertain the extent to which individuals continue to be relevant to generating product and process innovation in the digital age at a time when the literature anticipates a total loss of prominence due to the arrival of new digital technologies. However, in the case of the relationship between BDAC and ICs, the existence of a partial mediation of AC indicates that individuals continue to play a role that, albeit not being the most prominent, remains relevant in ensuring that a company maximizes the assimilation and transformation of the insights generated by BDAC in new products and processes.

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) will be performing 52% of the tasks in companies by 2025. The increasing adoption of AI is generating technological turbulence in the business environment. Previous studies have also shown that employees are aware of the high risk of losing their jobs when being replaced by AI. The risk of employees engaging in opportunistic behaviors, such as knowledge hiding, is thus fairly high. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze the mediating effect of employee’s AI awareness on the relationship between technological turbulence generated by AI and the three types of knowledge hiding: evasive hiding, playing dumb and rationalized hiding. Design/methodology/approach Structural equations by the partial least squares method were used to test the proposed research model. Findings The most interesting finding is that employee’s AI and robotics awareness fulfills almost all mediating functions in the relationship between technological turbulence generated by AI and the three types of knowledge hiding. Originality/value The results show that knowledge hiding in the digital age is first and foremost a strategy by employees to sabotage and induce failure in process automation, to reduce the risk of being replaced in the workplace by AI. This study indicates that employees are willing to hide knowledge in all possible ways when perception that AI is a threat to their job increases. In other words, technological turbulence generated by AI and employee’s AI awareness are the two great new triggers of knowledge hiding in the digital age.

There has been a great interest in the literature in understanding the incidence of information technology capabilities (ITC) on innovation performance (IP). Recently, it has been proven that this relationship is mediated by organizational factors requiring an additional effort in terms of information processing in a rational and analytical manner, including strategic market orientation and absorptive capacity; however, the role of emotions in this discussion has not been widely addressed. A scenario in which emotions are inhibited, in particular, emotional capability (EC), prevents the activation of other forms of cognition relating to intuition, experience and empathy. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the mediating effect of EC on the relationship between ITC and IP.,The authors analyzed the statistical significance of the indirect effects through structural equations.,The results show the existence of partial mediation of EC. Therefore, it is evidenced that less rational constructs, such as EC, serve as a bridge between ITC and IP, on account of the improvement in information processing, the level of information technology (IT) use and virtual communication.,This finding is quite significant because it forces innovation researchers and practitioners to reconsider the prevailing study perspective that explores only analytical mediators, which implies an additional effort in terms of rational processing of information. All this because there is a risk of accentuating the cognitive overload and increasing the levels of stress that lead employees to stop receiving and using information provided by IT services, which compromises the possibility of obtaining better results in innovation.,En la literatura ha habido un gran interes por analizar la incidencia de las capacidades de tecnologias de informacion (CTI) en el desempeno innovador (DI). Recientemente ha quedado claro que esta relacion esta mediada por factores organizacionales que implican un esfuerzo adicional en terminos de procesamiento racional y analitico de informacion, entre ellos, la orientacion estrategica al mercado y la capacidad de absorcion. Sin embargo, el papel de las emociones en esta discusion no ha sido considerado. Un escenario en el que la capacidad emocional (CE) no esta siendo considerada supone la no activacion de otras formas de cognicion relacionadas con la intuicion, la experiencia y la empatia. Por lo tanto, el proposito de este articulo es analizar el efecto mediador de CE en la relacion entre CTI y DI.,Se analizo la significancia estadistica de los efectos indirectos mediante ecuaciones estructurales,Los resultados muestran la existencia de una mediacion parcial de CE. Por lo tanto, queda evidenciado que constructos menos racionales como la capacidad emocional sirven como un puente entre CTI y el DI, por cuenta de la mejora en el procesamiento de la informacion, el nivel de uso de tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion virtual.,Este hallazgo es bastante interesante dado que obliga a los investigadores y profesionales dedicados a la innovacion a reconsiderar la perspectiva de estudio hegemonica que explora unicamente mediadores analiticos, lo cual implica un esfuerzo adicional en terminos de procesamiento racional de la informacion. De este modo, se maximiza el riesgo de acentuar la sobrecarga cognitiva e incrementar los niveles de estres que llevan a los empleados a dejar de recibir y utilizar la informacion proveniente de los servicios de TI, lo que compromete la posibilidad de obtener mejores resultados en innovacion.,Transformacion digital, Procesamiento de informacion, Pensamiento intuitivo y analitico, Innovacion digital, Inteligencia emocional, COVID-19,Trabajo de investigacion,Tem havido um grande interesse, na literatura, em compreender a incidencia das capacidades das tecnologias da informacao (CTI) no desempenho da inovacao (DI). Recentemente, ficou comprovado que esta relacao e mediada por fatores organizacionais que demandam um esforco adicional em termos de processamento da informacao de uma forma racional e analitica, incluindo a orientacao estrategica do mercado e a capacidade de absorcao. Contudo, o papel das emocoes nesta discussao nao tem sido amplamente abordado. Um cenario em que as emocoes sao inibidas, em particular, a capacidade emocional (CE), impede a ativacao de outras formas de cognicao relacionadas com a intuicao, a experiencia e a empatia. Portanto, o objetivo do documento e analisar o efeito mediador da capacidade emocional na relacao entre a CTI e a DI.,Analisamos o significado estatistico dos efeitos indiretos atraves de equacoes estruturais.,Os resultados mostram a existencia de uma mediacao parcial da CE. Portanto, e evidenciado que construcoes menos racionais como a CE servem de ponte entre o CTI e a DI, devido a melhoria do processamento da informacao, do nivel de utilizacao das TI e da comunicacao virtual.,Esta descoberta e bastante significativa porque obriga os investigadores e profissionais da inovacao a reconsiderarem a perspectiva de estudo predominante que explora apenas os mediadores analiticos, o que implica um esforco adicional em termos de processamento racional da informacao. Tudo isto porque existe o risco de acentuar a sobrecarga cognitiva e aumentar os niveis de estresse que levam os funcionarios a deixarem de receber e utilizar a informacao fornecida pelos servicos de TI, o que compromete a possibilidade de obter melhores resultados na inovacao.,Transformacao digital, Processamento da informacao, Pensamento intuitivo e analitico, Inovacao digital, Inteligencia emocional, COVID-19,Artigo de pesquisa

PurposeBig data analytics capability (BDAC) is the ability of a firm to capture and analyze big data toward the generation of insights. The literature has mainly focused on analyzing the direct effects of BDAC on different aspects related to firm performance such as finances and innovation. However, the lack of works analyzing the intermediation role BDAC could play is noticeable, particularly in organizational situations that pose great challenges in terms of data processing. Thus, the aim of this paper is to analyze BDAC mediation in the relationship between open innovation (OI), particularly customer involvement, and firm performance (financial and non-financial).Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model with survey data from a sample of 112 firms.FindingsThe results show that BDAC has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between OI and financial performance, and between OI and non-financial performance. Nevertheless, this mediation is greater in the first relationship.Originality/valueThe main contribution of the study is to offer a broader research perspective regarding the role of BDAC in the relationship between OI and firm performance. This study ultimately questions that research tradition in which this role has been reduced to that of a simple application of data analytics techniques. Instead, the results show BDAC is primarily an organizational skill that should be articulated with key processes, such as customer involvement, to maximize the financial and non-financial use of the large flow of data coming from the main OI activity of low and medium-technology companies.

La alfabetización financiera es la capacidad de entender y manejar de manera efectiva los conceptos y herramientas financieras, como el ahorro, la inversión, el presupuesto y el crédito. La falta de alfabetización financiera puede llevar a una mala gestión del dinero y a situaciones financieras precarias. Con esta premisa, el objetivo del estudio es: analizar descriptivamente la incidencia de la alfabetización financiera en la toma de decisiones en los beneficiarios del programa Campo Emprende. Para su resolución se elabora un cuestionario estructurado, validado y con nivel de confiabilidad oportuno. El programa Campo Aprende ha concebido resultados gratificantes mostrando un incremento relativo en cada uno de los cuestionamientos plasmados en la prueba P8, por ende, se puede afirmar, que ha mejorado proporcionalmente el nivel del conocimiento de los encuestados del territorio de Medio Bajo Atrato. Mediante la distribución gráfica se han conseguido puntajes significativos en la prueba posterior a la capacitación, que cubren incrementos desde 21,17% a 37,70% respectivamente.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar los niños expósitos de Sevilla a finales del siglo XVI y la primera mitad del XVII. En este sentido quiere ser una aportación al panorama de la beneficencia española en relación con los niños abandonados durante la Modernidad, panorama que, pese a que aún manifiesta ciertos desequilibrios, se ha visto enormemente enriquecido con nuevos estudios abordados desde perspectivas multiinstitucionales. La base documental en la que el mismo se basa está constituida por 5.600 partidas aportadas por los libros de bautismos conservados en la parroquia de la Magdalena. Por ello sus principales objetivos son estudiar la situación de los expósitos en cuanto a las cifras anuales de niños abandonados, los porcentajes por sexo, la onomástica, los vínculos familiares y los espirituales a partir de las figuras de los padrinos, así como la respuesta de la Iglesia y la religiosidad a este fenómeno.

This research aims to present a novel arthroscopic fixation technique that uses a double-row suture anchor for tibial spine avulsion and to evaluate its short-term clinical outcomes. The surgical technique is described and a retrospective case series is presented. Patients who presented with tibial spine avulsion type III and IV fractures according to the Meyers and McKeever classification and received the same surgical treatment from 2013 to 2018 in two specialised hospitals in Medellín City were included. All interventions were performed by an experienced surgeon. To determine outcomes during clinical follow-up, the Lysholm score and objective and subjective International Knee Documentation Committee scores were obtained before and at least 12 months after surgery. A total of 24 patients were followed, with a mean age of 31 years; 12 patients were female. The median time between trauma and surgical fixation was 12 days (IQR=7-23), with a median follow-up period of 13.5 months (IQR=9.5-31.5). When comparing patients' state initially and during the postoperative period, statistically significant differences were found in all the scores analysed (p0.05). Likewise, there were no complications and no reinterventions performed during follow-up, and all patients were satisfied with the outcomes of the procedure. Fixation of tibial spine avulsion fractures using the double-row suture anchor technique results in improvement in patients' function, pain and activity level. The main conclusion is that the procedure is an anatomical technique that requires minimal access and leads to satisfactory clinical evolution of patients.

Purpose This study aims to analyze the mediating effect of the open innovation processes of knowledge acquisition and exploitation as external embeddedness strategy on the relationships between strategic orientation toward digitalization and the three dimensions of the innovation capability: client, marketing and technology. Design/methodology/approach The research model was tested using a structural equation modeling design based on survey data from a financial and insurance sector multinational enterprise with direct operations in seven emerging countries. This sector is classified as being highly digitalized. Findings The results show that strategic orientation toward digitalization has an effect on innovation capability, with a greater impact on the client and technology dimensions than on the marketing dimension. However, the relationships with clients and technology are partially mediated by acquisition, while the one with marketing is mediated by exploitation. Originality/value This finding widens the current purpose and theoretical sense of external embeddedness as a type of inter-organizational arrangement key for digitalization in the literature, which is focused on the adaptation of digital technology of the head office to the needs of the subsidiaries and the systems of their local allies. By contrast, the study results show that external embeddedness is key for the multinational to be able, from its global way of creating value through digital technologies, not only to improve operating efficiency, but also to meet costumer experience expectations in each host country and innovate in local commercialization strategies, on account of the knowledge transfer between the multinational and the local players on customer preferences and technology uses in local markets.

RESUMEN Introducción: El maltrato y el homicidio infantil se destacan dentro del espectro de la violencia intrafamiliar por las consecuencias severas que generan en la salud, el desarrollo socioeconómico de una región y en la calidad de vida de los menores y sus familiares. Objetivo: Caracterizar el maltrato físico, sexual y los homicidios ejercidos hacia los niños y niñas menores de doce años, ocurridos en el contexto familiar en Medellín, Colombia, durante 2010-2015. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo de la ocurrencia de los eventos violentos intrafamiliares en menores de doce años atendidos por el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses en la ciudad de Medellín. Resultados: Se reportaron 3 519 casos de maltrato físico y sexual infligido a menores de doce años dentro del contexto familiar. 56,9 % de los hechos corresponden a maltrato sexual, siendo las mujeres las principales víctimas de este tipo de abuso; por su parte los hombres fueron los más afectados por maltrato físico. Los menores entre los seis y once años son los más maltratados. Se reportaron nueve casos de homicidio, de los cuales siete fueron cometidos contra mujeres y cinco de estos fueron perpetrados por el padrastro de las víctimas. Conclusiones: El maltrato infantil intrafamiliar ha sido un problema persistente en la ciudad de Medellín, y esto lo demuestra el alto número de casos registrados. No obstante, aunque los reportes de homicidio infantil han sido pocos, no se deben subestimar dada la importancia y las grandes consecuencias que esto presenta para la sociedad. ABSTRACT Introduction: Child abuse and homicide are highlighted in the spectrum of intrafamily violence due to the severe consequences they generate on health, the economic and social development of a region and the quality of life of children and their families. Objective: characterize the physical and sexual abuse, and homicide exercised against children under twelve years old, occurred in the family context in Medellin Colombia, during 2010-2015. Methodology: Descriptive study, retrospective and cross-sectional. It was made a descriptive statistical analysis of the occurrence of intrafamily violent events attended by the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences in Medellín. Results: 3,519 cases of physical and sexual abuse inflicted on children under twelve years old within the family context were reported. Of these, 56.9% of the events correspond to sexual abuse and women are the main victims of this type of abuse; men are the most affected in physical abuse. Children between six and eleven years old are the most vulnerable. Nine cases of homicide were reported, of which seven were committed against women and five of these were perpetrated by the victims' stepfather. Conclusions: Intrafamily child abuse is a persistent problem in Medellín, and this is demonstrated by the high cases recorded. However, there have been few cases of child homicide, this does not diminish the importance and the number should not be underestimated, because of the enormous consequences they have for society.

Big data is heralded as the next big thing for organizations to gain competitive advantages. New data-driven firms need to control key resources in order to develop the new data-driven capabilities they need. The present paper analyzes the relationships between process innovation capability, management innovation and big data analytics capability, covering aspects related to a better understanding of how firms can obtain benefit from their investments in big data. PLS-SEM models with data from 195 firms are used. The main results suggest that management innovation and process innovation capabilities have an important role in the development of big data analytics capability. Big data analytics capability is much more than just investing in technology, collecting vast amounts of data, and allowing the technology department to experiment with analytics. The outcomes of this study present evidence on how innovative managers who promote innovations in process as well as innovations in different aspects of the organization favor the development of capabilities in big data analytics.

Digital, Purpose This paper aims to analyse the effects of organizational narcissism on four knowledge-sharing aspects among academics: publications, personal interactions, organizational communication and network interaction. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a sample of 288 research groups from public and private universities in Colombia. The study used structural equations by the partial least squares method (PLS). Findings The results indicate that organizational narcissism has a positive and significant influence on the four knowledge-sharing aspects analysed. The greatest effect of organizational narcissism is generated in organizational communication, followed by personal interactions, network interaction and publications. Originality/value This work contributes to developing the emerging theoretical perspective which gives greater attention to the analysis of organizational behaviours considered strategic given their potential to dynamize knowledge sharing as opposed to focusing on how publications are affected by fragments or specific aspects of organizational culture. The findings show organizational narcissism is one of such strategic behaviours. Moreover, the study sheds light on the controversy between positions for and against organizational narcissism, and the results contradict previous studies that highlight the negative repercussions of this organizational behaviour on publications. In addition, our work provides a perspective that allows for a broader view in evaluating the actual extent of the impact of organizational narcissism, which is not exclusively limited to the publication dimension. In this way, the research horizons of organizational narcissism are also expanded, as regrettably it was long seen as a phenomenon that occurred almost exclusively in the business context., Ingeniería y Tecnología

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the moderating effect of knowledge leakage on the relationship between absorptive capacity and co-innovation, which implies collaborative work and knowledge exchange with external actors on virtual innovation platforms. Design/methodology/approach The research model was tested in a sample of companies through the use of structural equations by the partial least squares method. Findings The results confirm that absorptive capacity is a prior condition for co-innovation. However, the most interesting and surprising result has to do with knowledge leakage, which actually has a negative moderating effect, but whose size is modest, which dismisses the great damages that such leakage could generate. Originality/value This study is pioneering in analyzing knowledge leakage in the context of virtual innovation platforms, which occurs in a different manner as compared to leakage in the context of collaborative research and development, widely analyzed in the literature. However, the main contribution of the paper lies in the fact that the results evidence the existence of an intermediate position between the traditional approach that insists on demonstrating the devastating consequences of the leakage and the emerging approach that dismisses these negative repercussions and conceives leakage as a positive organizational phenomenon, natural and inherent to the interaction of the firm with the environment. The results also contradict recent empirical evidence that completely dismisses the negative repercussions of knowledge leakage in contexts where incremental innovations prevail.

El turismo histórico-cultural se ha convertido en una opción que permite la interpretación, conservación, presentación y puesta en valor de los bienes que vinculan la historia y el patrimonio cultural, de ahí la importancia del diseño de ofertas turísticas que garanticen la relación entre la comunidad, los visitantes y el patrimonio en un entorno sostenible. La presente investigación se planteó como objetivo general diseñar la Ruta histórica - cultural “El Abra” que contribuya a la consolidación del turismo interno en la Isla de la Juventud; posibilitando el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales e histórico – culturales existentes en el área. Durante el desarrollo de la investigación se utilizaron como métodos el histórico - lógico, el hipotético - deductivo, el análisis y síntesis de la bibliografía. Se realizaron entrevistas y encuestas. De igual modo, mediante la observación fue posible constatar el estado real de los recursos turísticos naturales y antrópicos con los que cuenta la zona comprendida en la Ruta. Se comprobó además la aceptación de nuevas ofertas de productos turísticos que integren componentes naturales e histórico – culturales, el reconocimiento de la validez de la propuesta en correspondencia con los Lineamientos de la Política Económica y Social del país, así como de la necesidad de optimizar la infraestructura turística existente en el territorio. El diseño de la Ruta histórica - cultural “El Abra” se inscribe como un producto novedoso, que al mismo tiempo convierte la historia en una atractiva oferta, dirigida al turista interno, contribuyendo así al anhelado desarrollo local.

Resumen Introduccion La displasia epifisiaria multiple (DEM) es una enfermedad poco frecuente y con gran variedad clinica y se caracteriza por deformidades en las articulaciones, dolor, y trastornos de la marcha. La duplicacion patelar se asocia con DEM recesiva y consiste en dos segmentos patelares escalonados separados por tejido blando entre ellos. Caso clinico Paciente masculino de 30 anos con cuadro clinico de DEM recesiva con duplicacion patelar, presenta dolor cronico bilateral de cadera y rodilla, y trastorno de la marcha. Tras el examen fisico, se evidencio derrame articular, dificultad para la flexion de las rodillas y un cuerpo libre intra-articular bilateral. Se identificaron dos segmentos patelares, displasia acetabular y de cabeza femoral bilateral con imagenes diagnosticas. El manejo quirurgico de la duplicacion patelar fue reseccion de los segmentos oseos accesorios, conduciendo a un resultado clinico satisfactorio al ano de seguimiento. Discusion Aunque no se realiza el diagnostico genetico de la DEM, nuestro paciente presenta las caracteristicas fenotipicas y radiologicas de esta entidad. Para la duplicacion patelar, se realizo la reseccion de las patelas accesorias, considerando el alto riesgo de no union. Sin embargo, existen varios reportes donde unieron los dos segmentos patelares, pero principalmente en ninos. Este es el primer reporte publicado sobre el manejo quirurgico de esta patologia en Colombia. La duplicacion patelar puede manejarse con exito mediante la reseccion de la patela accesoria en adultos. Aunque los hallazgos imagenologicos son muy sugestivos de esta patologia, se requiere un adecuado examen fisico para evitar un diagnostico equivoco y tardio. Nivel de evidencia IV

Resumen Introduccion Las lesiones de la raiz posterior del menisco lateral (RPML) afectan la transferencia de la carga axial de la rodilla, lo cual genera una sobrecarga con el posterior deterioro del cartilago articular. Se han descrito numerosas tecnicas quirurgicas en la literatura para su tratamiento, pero aun no se ha demostrado superioridad de alguna, por ende, existen controversias sobre cual tecnica es la mas indicada para estas lesiones. El objetivo del estudio es describir la tecnica quirurgica y la evolucion clinica de pacientes intervenidos con fijacion transtibial de la RPML en una clinica especializada, durante el periodo 2016-2017. Materiales & Metodos Se realizo una descripcion de la tecnica quirurgica y una serie de casos retrospectiva. Se incluyeron pacientes con lesiones agudas en la RPML, los cuales fueron intervenidos quirurgicamente utilizando una nueva variacion a tecnica transtibial. Para determinar la evolucion cinica de los pacientes se realizaron las escalas Lysholm e IKDC, antes y despues de la cirugia. Resultados Se intervinieron seis pacientes con lesion aguda de la RPML, cuatro de sexo masculino. El tiempo entre el trauma y la cirugia fue en promedio 2,5 meses. Todos los pacientes presentaron lesion concomitante de ligamento cruzado anterior. Al comparar el estado inicial de los pacientes y el postoperatorio mediante las escalas de Lysholm e IKDC, se encontraron diferencias estadisticamente significativas (p Discusion La reparacion de la RPML con la nueva variacion de la fijacion transtibial proporciona una mejoria en la funcion, el dolor y el nivel de actividad de los pacientes, lo que puede ayudar a retrasar la progresion de la osteoartrosis en la rodilla. Igualmente, este procedimiento se puede realizar de forma segura aun en casos de lesiones ligamentarias concomitantes. Nivel de evidencia: IV

The relationship between knowledge management (KM) and firm performance is an interesting field for both scholars and practitioners. Despite the extant literature, more studies are required in order to clarify the abovementioned relationship. The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of KM practices on financial and nonfinancial performance. KM practices are knowledge creation practices, continuous learning practices (CLP), knowledge and feedback systems (KFS), and management of employees’ individual competencies. Methodologically the study uses partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results show that KFS affect firms’ financial performance and that CLP do not influence oneither financial or nonfinancial performance.

El estilo de toma de decisiones que se adopta en una organización puede ser crucial para determinar su éxito al innovar, con miras a obtener una ventaja competitiva en el mercado. Sin embargo, se presentan obstáculos que debilitan la capacidad de la organización para innovar. Obstáculos como, por ejemplo, el ocultamiento del conocimiento dentro de las organizaciones. El ocultamiento del conocimiento se refiere al intento intencional de ocultar o retener el conocimiento que es solicitado por otra persona y se manifiesta en tres dimensiones: hacerse el bobo, ser evasivo y ser racional. Bajo esta premisa, este estudio analiza el efecto moderador del ocultamiento del conocimiento en la relación entre los estilos de toma de decisiones intuitivo y racional, y el desempeño innovador. El modelo de investigación se testeó en una muestra de empresas colombianas mediante ecuaciones estructurales. En cuanto a los hallazgos, se encontró que solo la toma de decisiones del estilo racional influye positivamente en el desempeño innovador de forma directa y que esta relación sorpresivamente es moderada positivamente por el ocultamiento racionalizado, una de las tres formas de ocultamiento del conocimiento. Los hallazgos son relevantes para abrir el camino a las investigaciones sobre ocultamiento del conocimiento en Colombia y Latinoamérica.

The Pleuronectiformes order, which includes several commercially-important species, has undergone extensive chromosome evolution. One of these species is

The aim of this article was to assess the influence of the harvest date on the composition of amino acids and derived aromatic compounds in grape

Sex determination (SD) mechanisms are exceptionally diverse and show high evolutionary rates in fish. Pleuronectiformes is an emblematic fish group characterized by its adaptation to demersal life and its compact genomes. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly of Senegalese sole, a promising European aquaculture species. We combined long- and short-read sequencing and a highly dense genetic map to obtain a contiguous assembly of 613 Mb (N50 = 29.0 Mb, 99% of the assembly in the n = 21 chromosomes of its karyotype). The correspondence between this new assembly and the Senegalese sole chromosomes was established by fluorescence in situ hybridization with BAC probes. Orthology within Pleuronectiformes was assessed by using the chromosome-level genomes of six important commercial flatfishes covering a broad phylogenetic spectrum of the order. A total of 7936 single-gene orthologues, shared by the six species, were used to identify syntenies in Pleuronectiformes and to explore chromosome evolutionary patterns in the order. Whole genome resequencing of six males and six females enabled the identification of 41 fixed allelic variants in the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (fshr) gene, homozygous in females and heterozygous in males, consistent with an XX / XY chromosome system. The observed association between fshr SNPs and sex was confirmed at the species level in a broad sample, which allowed tuning up a molecular sexing tool. Fshr demonstrated differential gene expression between male and female gonads since 86 days post-fertilization, when the gonad was still an undifferentiated primordium, concomitant with the activation of other testis and ovary marker genes, such as amh and cyp19a1a genes, respectively. Interestingly, the Y-linked fshr allele, which included 24 non-synonymous variants, expressed to a higher level than the X-linked allele at all stages. We hypothesize a molecular mechanism hampering the action of the follicle stimulating hormone that would drive the undifferentiated gonad toward testis.

TAEE 2022: Tecnología, Aprendizaje y Enseñanza de la Electrónica (15º. 2022. Teruel), En este trabajo se presenta una metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje apoyada en el uso de la herramienta Quizizz para las clases expositivas de la asignatura Electrónica, perteneciente al Grado de Física y al doble Grado de Física- Matemáticas, impartido en la Universidad de Oviedo. Con esta herramienta, los estudiantes pueden responder instantáneamente a las preguntas planteadas por el profesor por medio de sus teléfonos móviles. En concreto, se han realizado cuestionarios de Quizizz al comienzo de cuatro de las once clases expositivas. La metodología propuesta consta de una segunda fase en la que se proyectan los resultados globales de la clase una vez finalizado cada cuestionario. Esta segunda fase permite identificar las respuestas con mayor número de errores y, por tanto, los puntos del temario a revisar. En una tercera fase, los estudiantes que han acertado las cuestiones que tienen un mayor número de fallos, explican las respuestas al resto de compañeros. De esta forma, la metodología propuesta, además de mejorar los conocimientos teóricos adquiridos (+1,7 puntos sobre 10 de mejora en la nota del examen), también ha fomentado la asistencia a clase (asistencia efectiva del 94%) y la captación de la atención desde el comienzo de la sesión., Trabajo realizado mediante la financiación del Gobierno del Principado de Asturias a través del proyecto SV-PA-21- AYUD/2021/51931 y de la beca del programa Severo Ochoa BP20-181.

SAAEI 2022: Seminario Anual de Automática, Electrónica Industrial e Instrumentación (29º. 2022. Lleida), El subsistema de potencia en los satélites se encarga de generar, almacenar y distribuir la potencia al resto de subsistemas que lo integran. La energía se obtiene a través del panel solar, cuando es posible, o a través de una batería presente en el propio subsistema del satélite. Mientras que los niveles de tensión en el bus de potencia son valores fijos y estandarizados, los niveles de tensión de salida del panel solar no lo son. Esto hace que se deban rediseñar, prácticamente desde cero, todos los convertidores del subsistema de potencia ante cada nueva misión espacial, con lo que eso supone desde el punto de vista del incremento de costes y tiempos de desarrollo. Este trabajo presenta una posible solución basada en la estandarización del subsistema de potencia del satélite a nivel de convertidor. De esta manera, se minimizaría todo el proceso de rediseño en el bus de potencia ante una nueva misión espacial. El uso de transformadores CC/CC (DCX) o transformadores electrónicos, con capacidad de interconexión directa entre ellos (i.e. reparto de tensiones y potencias entre módulos) permite tener un sistema modular que proporcione tensiones de salida fijas e independientes del diseño del panel solar. De esta forma, se podría mantener fijo el diseño del resto de convertidores del bus de potencia principal. Para validar esta solución se han construido varios módulos DCX con unas tensiones de entrada y salida de 56 V y 28 V, respectivamente, para una potencia de 200 W (por módulo) y para una frecuencia de conmutación de 400 kHz., Trabajo realizado mediante la financiación del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, a través del proyecto PID2021-127707OB-C21, y de la beca predoctoral con referencia PRE2019-088425. De la misma manera, este trabajo ha sido financiando a través del Principado de Asturias y la FICYT a través del proyecto SV-PA-21-AYUD/2021/51931.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a significant role in the progression of liver disease, and no effective drugs are available for the full spectrum. In this study, we aimed to explore the dynamic changes of gut microbiota along the liver disease spectrum, together with the changes in cognition and brain metabolism. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups reflecting different stages of liver disease: control diet (NC); high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHC), emulating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; control diet + thioacetamide (NC + TAA), simulating acute liver failure; and high-fat, high-cholesterol diet + thioacetamide (HFHC + TAA) to assess the effect of the superimposed damages. The diet was administered for 14 weeks and the thioacetamide was administrated (100 mg/kg day) intraperitoneally over 3 days. Our results showed changes in plasma biochemistry and liver damage across the spectrum. Differences in gut microbiota at the compositional level were found among the experimental groups. Members of the Enterobacteriaceae family were most abundant in HFHC and HFHC + TAA groups, and Akkermansiaceae in the NC + TAA group, albeit lactobacilli genus being dominant in the NC group. Moreover, harm to the liver affected the diversity and bacterial community structure, with a loss of rare species. Indeed, the superimposed damage group (HFHC + TAA) suffered a loss of both rare and abundant species. Behavioral evaluation has shown that HFHC, NC + TAA, and HFHC + TAA displayed a worsened execution when discriminating the new object. Also, NC + TAA and HFHC + TAA were not capable of recognizing the changes in place of the object. Furthermore, working memory was affected in HFHC and HFHC + TAA groups, whereas the NC + TAA group displayed a significant delay in the acquisition. Brain oxidative metabolism changes were observed in the prefrontal, retrosplenial, and perirhinal cortices, as well as the amygdala and mammillary bodies. Besides, groups administered with thioacetamide presented an increased oxidative metabolic activity in the adrenal glands. These results highlight the importance of cross-comparison along the liver spectrum to understand the different gut-microbiota-brain changes. Furthermore, our data point out specific gut microbiota targets to design more effective treatments, though the liver-gut-brain axis focused on specific stages of liver disease. Sitio web de la revista (Consulta: 10-10-2022)

La facturación electrónica se ha involucrado con el avance tecnológico y la implementación de sistemas operativos en el ámbito empresarial el mismo que ayudó a la implementación de controles contables de una entidad debido a que la automatización de programas ha permitido mejorar los medios de comunicación entre varias receptores al mismo tiempo, mediante el estudio realizado en el sector carrocero del Cantón Ambato se pudo identificar que ha sido un medio de control para el Estado en el ámbito tributario concluyendo que gracias al ahorro de tiempo que se ha generado con la implementación de la misma se ha podido mejorar el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias, además se ha realizado un estudio entre las cuentas y rubros que intervienen en la facturación tanto física como electrónica, pudiendo obtener como resultado que la segunda otorga más beneficios que desventajas en el área tributaria

Purpose Competitor orientation (CO) has been considered as a traditional driver of innovation performance (IP), being an important source of innovative ideas. Nevertheless, the slowness of the analytical information processing implicit in CO has been recently questioned in the literature, given the internal resistance in firms to use knowledge coming from rivals. Hence, the purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effect of emotional capability (EC), which is believed to help overcome this barrier by improving the use of knowledge from such innovation source. Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modeling through the partial least squares method was used to test the research model with survey data from a sample of 123 firms. Findings Contrary to what was assumed, EC mediation is partial and CO has a very significant and direct influence on IP. Nonetheless, the fact that EC mediation accounts for 28% of the total effect of CO on IP indicates that EC plays a complementary role in terms of making the information processing on rivals more agile and intuitive, as well as reducing internal resistance. Practical implications When competitor information is analyzed and used to improve innovation outcomes, a culture where first impressions or hunches expressed by employees must be encouraged and legitimized. Originality/value The development of EC is an alternative way of maximizing the exploitation of the competition as source of innovation. Ignoring its role implies wasting a representative percentage of the benefits of information coming from this external actor, thereby missing the opportunity to capitalize on innovation results.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the mediating effect of the knowledge management strategies on the relationship between e-business capabilities and innovation performance. The research model was tested with a sample of 102 firms belonging to IT intensive sectors, located in an emerging country that is a regional leader in terms of e-business adoption. Structural equations by the consistent partial least squares method were used. The main result indicates that only the personalization strategy has a partial mediating effect. In conclusion, e-business capability alone is insufficient for achieving a superior innovation performance. This finding also helps consolidate the incipient study perspective that understands knowledge management not as an antecedent variable which becomes indispensable for e-business adoption, but as an organizational factor that intervenes a posteriori and which is focused on achieving an effective use of all the knowledge resulting from the digital operation of the business.

Purpose: The aim of this article is to analyze the interaction between key knowledge management (KM) maturity areas: Strategy, Culture, Technology and Knowledge Processes. Design/methodology/approach: Structural equations by the partial least squares method were used to test the research model with survey data from 14 business units of a multinational food company which has its headquarter in Colombia. Findings: The effect of the Strategy key area on culture is the highest in comparison with the rest of the relationships between key areas. There is also a positive and significant effect of strategy on technology but it is lower as compared to the effect on culture. By contrast, the direct effect of technology on knowledge processes is practically similar to culture. Practical implications: The KM maturity model proposed is a complete and reliable KM diagnostic tool, both for subsidiaries to deploy KM strategies as well as for those that have certain experience in the area, which helps to fix a clear baseline to start improvement actions conductive to the highest maturity level. Originality/value: The work breaks the tradition of proposing generic and generalist maturity models, by proposing a model that offers a detailed description of the maturity scale of each one of the variables making up the key areas, presenting also satisfactory reliability and validity indicators. Besides, it evidences that the Technology key area is as important as culture, contrary to what the literature suggests, which has always highlighted technology relevance in developed countries, which score low of the power distance dimension of the country’s culture, which is not a trait of Latin American countries where the multinational’s operation is concentrated.

espanolEl objetivo del articulo es analizar la relacion entre la gestion del capital intelectual y el desempeno de grupos de investigacion universitarios. Se realizo un analisis cluster y de la varianza (ANOVA con comparaciones post-hoc) para identificar diferencias en medias significativas con datos obtenidos de una muestra de 288 grupos de investigacion de universidades en Colombia. Los resultados ponen en evidencia la existencia de tres tipos de grupos: lideres, seguidores y rezagados. Entre ellos encontramos diferencias significativas en cuanto a la publicacion de articulos cientificos que tienen que ver con dos aspectos especificos de la gestion del capital intelectual: i) la evaluacion sistematica de las competencias y el inventario de conocimientos del grupo, y ii) la existencia de una estrategia clara para desarrollar nuevas competencias y adquirir nuevos conocimientos. En conclusion, es necesario revaluar el enfoque tradicional de capital intelectual en universidades que limita la gestion de la construccion y monitoreo de indicadores. EnglishThe objective of the article is to analyze the relationship between the management of intellectual capital and the performance of university research groups (PURG). A cluster and variance analysis (ANOVA with post-hoc comparisons) was performed to identify differences in significant means with data obtained from a sample of 288 university research groups in Colombia. The results show the existence of three types of groups: leaders, followers and laggards. We find significant differences in the publication of scientific articles among them that have to do with two specific aspects of the management of intellectual capital: i) the systematic evaluation of the competences and knowledge mapping of the group, and ii) the existence of a clear strategy to develop new skills and acquire new knowledge. In conclusion, it is necessary to rethink the traditional approach of intellectual capital for universities, which limits the construction and monitoring of performance indicators.

Purpose Currently, it is commonly accepted that information technology capabilities (ITC) positively influence organizational agility. Nevertheless, studies have recently started to demonstrate that different organizational factors mediate this relation under the controvertible assumption that companies are capable of responding quickly to market changes using their IT in combination with other internal resources. Therefore, companies have given very little attention to collaborative work with external partners. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effects of the acquisition and exploitation capabilities of open innovation on the information technology capabilities – organizational agility relationship. Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model with survey data from a multinational corporation that operates in South American emerging economies in the pension and savings businesses. Findings This study found that only the open innovation capability of exploitation has a partial mediating effect. This means that this organizational ability serves as a bridge so that IT capabilities can have a positive incidence on organizational agility. Originality/value This paper adopts a more novel study focus that emphasizes the importance of collaborative work and of the use of external resources that are implicit in open innovation capability. On the other hand, this organizational ability implies external embeddedness, which is usually approached mainly from the network theory in the international business literature; however, this study offers a more interesting study focus in which externally oriented organizational abilities such as open innovation are more important for external embeddedness than are the size and quality of the external network.

The wedge clam Donax trunculus is an important shellfish species in several southern European countries. Nevertheless, production of this species has suffered a sharp decrease, especially in Galicia (Northwest of Spain). In the face of the collapse of a fishery, while the object species recovers, a suitable strategy is the exploitation of a similar species, and Donax vittatus could potentially be an alternative exploitable resource. Such exploitation should be carried under appropriate management practises to avoid transferring the problem to the new species. Given the need to reveal the population structure and to elucidate appropriate management units of D. vittatus along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, fifteen variable microsatellite markers were reported and tested in seven localities (six of them previously studied with a mitochondrial COI marker). All localities displayed similar genetic diversity values (allelic richness: 10.75–15.20; expected heterozygosity: 0.813–0.845; and expected heterozygosity: 0.389–0.460). Significant deficits of heterozygotes were recorded for all populations, probably due to null alleles. Analyses of population differentiation, including global FST, pairwise FST with and without null allele correction, number of migrants and Analyses of Molecular Variance, indicated lack of genetic structure in D. vittatus along Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, confirming the previous results based on COI gene. These data are useful to assist the fishery development and the conservation plans of this species. Furthermore, the panel of developed microsatellites will allow further genetic population studies throughout the geographic distribution of the species, as well as other genetic analysis needed for aquaculture activities.

Background: Greenhouse gases generated by livestock increasingly affect neighboring ecosystems and climate in general, but proper management of feeding systems based on grasses and forages can contribute to reducing their emission. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the restoration of pastoral systems on the reduction in the generation of greenhouse gases. Materials and Methods: 35 farms located in four edaphoclimatic scenarios of the Cauto River Basin in the Eastern Cuban Region were restored. The restoration included the elimination of weeds, rehabilitation of pastoral systems, reforestation until reaching 50% of the area covered by the shade of the trees and the adaptation of the management system to the requirements of the rancher according to the characteristics of each farm. Results: Variables related to the productivity of the system, pasture recovery, generation of greenhouse gases and the recycling of nutrients to the soil were observed. The statistical technique "MEMI" was applied to summarize the information and typify the systems. The generation of greenhouse gases in pastoral systems is related to the factors "Volume of production" and "Size of the herd" that is maintained on the farm, which explain 70.52% of the variance of the adjusted model. Implications: This study offers an alternative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions resulting from livestock farming, which increases when the principles of balance are not met within the production system. Conclusion: The generation of greenhouse gases per unit of product decreases as the productivity of the herd increases; the recycling of nutrients to the soil through the litter grows when the balance between the animal load and the productivity of the pasture is reached, which is related to the management system that is conducted in these livestock systems.

Background Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by genetic disorders related to skin formation. They are characterized by generalized dry skin, scaling, hyperkeratosis and frequently associated with erythroderma. Among its different types, harlequin ichthyosis (HI) stands out due to its severity. HI is caused by mutations in the ABCA12 gene, which encodes essential proteins in epidermal lipid transport, and it helps maintain the homeostasis of the stratum corneum of the epidermis. However, due to the wide spectrum of genetic alterations that can cause ichthyosis, holistic medical care, and genetic studies are required to improve the diagnosis and outcomes of these diseases. Case presentation Here, we presented the case of a 19 years old male patient who was a premature infant and exhibited clinical features consistent with HI, including bright yellow hyperkeratotic plates with erythematous fissures that covered his entire body like a collodion baby. Currently, he exhibited erythroderma, photosensitivity, ectropion, auricular pavilion alterations, and musculoskeletal disorders, such as equinovarus feet, fingers, hands, and hypoplastic feet with contractures in flexion and marked difficulty in fine motor skills. In addition, he presented dyschromatopsia, Achilles reflex hyporeflexia, slight speech, dental alteration and deficient cognitive performance. After the genetic sequencing, variants were found in ABCA12 and HRNR which are related to several skin diseases, including ichthyosis. Conclusions Although in clinical practice, ichthyosis is a common entity, a severe type of ichthyosis is presented, highlighting the importance of appropriate genetic diagnosis, given the broad spectrum of genetic alterations with similar phenotypic and clinical characteristics. These pathologies must be known to guarantee initial support measures to prevent complications and offer multidisciplinary management to those patients.

The banded carpet shell Polititapes rhomboides is a fishery resource and a suitable candidate for the development of native clam aquaculture in Europe. Here, we analyzed nine microsatellite loci in wild samples to provide estimates of genetic diversity and population differentiation for NW Spain, the main production area of this clam. We also analyzed wild-caught broodstock and hatchery-reared seed to investigate the genetic consequences of seed production for stock enhancement purposes by mass spawning. We examined the seed sample as a whole (total seed), but also subdivided it into three size classes to assess the genetic consequences of size grading. While wild samples, broodstock included, displayed minimal or no genetic differences, the total seed showed a reduction in allelic richness (12-24 %) and a significant level of differentiation (FST = 0.026-0.043) with respect to wild samples. After performing parentage assignment, we detected a drastic reduction in the effective number of breeders (Ne) compared to the census number (85 %), and an inbreeding rate of 0.036 per generation. The low Ne and high inbreeding rate were mainly due to high variance in reproductive success. The seed size classes also showed a decrease in allelic richness and significant genetic differentiation, but we did not find significant differences in parental contribution to each size class. Our results may help the genetic-assisted management of wild populations, give insight into the genetic composition of the seed produced by mass spawning and provide a basis for the development of more effective hatchery practices and sustainable stock enhancement programs in P. rhomboides., The authors would like to thank the staff at Centro de Cultivos Marinos de Ribadeo-CIMA, Xunta de Galicia, Ribadeo (Lugo), Spain for providing the hatchery-reared seed. This study was funded by the Conselleria de Economia e Industria (Xunta de Galicia, Spain) through project 09MMA030508PR.