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The loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), has the widest distribution among sea turtle species in the Mediterranean, requiring regional and international collaborations in addition to local efforts to better inform conservation actions. Molecular techniques are powerful tools for the assessment of population dynamics at large scales, especially in determining the connectivity among different nesting and foraging sites, and genetic diversity. In this study, a large sample was collected synchronously in the nesting areas located in the north, south and eastern Mediterranean. Recently confirmed nesting sites from Albania and other nesting sites represented by lower sample sizes were also included in order to better assess the genetic composition of the region's rookeries. Samples from 698 individuals were collected and the longer (815 bp) mtDNA D-loop fragment of these samples was sequenced. We recorded 15 haplotypes, three of which were novel. In addition, our results show that some haplotypes considered of Atlantic origin, have a wider dispersal in the Mediterranean than previously thought, albeit with low levels of representation. Our results contribute to determining the likely origin of haplotypes that were previously only recorded from foraging sites. They highlight the utility of broad-scale sampling, with increased sample sizes and the longer mtDNA sequence to determine genetic diversity and connectivity. This study also demonstrates the importance of continued monitoring for the contribution of Atlantic-origin haplotypes to the Mediterranean population and the effects of climate change on the resident Mediterranean population, which is expected to expand its geographical range for reproduction. This work is important for, mixed stock analyses (MSA) that seek to determine the natal regions of stranded or accidentally caught sea turtles and those purposefully obtained from foraging sites. In doing so biogeographic linkages between areas of the Mediterranean can be elucidated for conservation purposes.

The North-Western Sahara Aquifer System (NWSAS) is a complex multi-layered aquifer system with extraordinary continental groundwater reserves. This largest aquifer in the world straddles three countries: Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia. It contains more than 50,000 billion cubic meters of water; of which, 70% is in Algerian territory in the southeast of the country. This water is the result of accumulation over 1 million years. In the Wadi Mya basin (Algeria), this system is characterized by two overlaid aquifer systems: the complex terminal (CT), a shallow aquifer housed in the Senonian-Eocene and Mio-Pliocene formations, and the continental intercalary (CI), a deep aquifer hosted in the Albian, Aptian and Barremian formations. The main purpose of this study is to carry out a correlation between the geochemical composition of the water and the facies of the aquifer formation. The adopted approach will allow deciphering the hydro-chemical relationships between the different levels of the two aquifer systems in the Wadi Mya basin. To acquire the chemical composition of water, the study method goes through a targeted sampling and physicochemical analysis of water followed by a statistical analysis as well as correlation and geochemical modelling: the interpretation of specific diagrams (Piper), correlations between chemical elements in binary graphs, and principal component analysis (PCA). The performed geochemical modelling by examining the saturation index and chemical balance of water helps to better understand the origin of mineralization, elucidate the mixing of waters originating from different aquifers, as well as highlight the relationship between deep and shallow aquifers in the Wadi Mya Basin hydrodynamic conversion. The obtained results indicate that the overall mineralization occurring within the study area is dominated by sodium chloride and calcium chloride-sulfate facies. This can be explained by the dissolution of halite, gypsum, and anhydrite evaporitic rocks, intercalated in the aquifer matrix besides the effects of the extended stay of fossil waters with low recharging and cation exchange reactions resulting from water-rock interactions. The interference recorded between the geochemical signatures of the two aquifers favors the hypothesis of interconnection between aquifers through fractures. Through the implementation of such academic research, this invaluable source of life will stay sustainable for future generations.

In this paper, we studied retrospectively the Chest CT-scan chest of 118 SARS-CoV-2 disease cases confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). We identified and characterized the most common CT findings, and compared such findings in the asymptomatic patients with those patients that presented with findings in patients with mild form of the disease. Bilateral pulmonary parenchyma ground-glass and consolidative pulmonary opacities, sometimes with a rounded morphology and a peripheral lung distribution were the most common CT findings. These were often associated with reticular and crazy paving pattern. Pleural and pericardial effusions were rare and mainly present in diffuse lung involvement. Most of our patient showed minimal lung involvement. There was no statistical significant difference in CT findings between asymptomatic patients and those with mild symptoms.

This paper describes design procedure of a high-performance miniaturized antenna with an array configuration, which contributes to enhancing the communication system’s performance. The basic antenna features a compact size (6 x 6) mm2, and its single element is an H-shaped slotted patch printed on the top side of a Rogers RT5880 substrate, with a relative permittivity and thickness of 2.2 and 0.3 mm, respectively. The edge-to-edge distance of the 2 × 1 array antenna is 9 x 14 mm2, and the isolation between its radiation elements is 4.5 mm. To increase the capabilities of the antenna in terms of gain and bandwidth, we proceeded to use the 2 × 1 array configuration and then optimized the model via either the width of the feed line or the elliptical edges of the patch. The miniaturized array antenna achieved a peak gain of 12.56 dB, a directivity of 13.11 dBi, and a return loss of -47.52 dB at a resonance frequency of 91.5 GHz, with a radiation efficiency of more than 91% over an operating bandwidth of 15.83 GHz, ranging from 79.7 GHz to 95.6 GHz. The design and simulation results of the proposed antenna were obtained using the CST Studio software.

Sexual selection on fitness-determining traits should theoretically erode genetic variance and lead to low heritability. However, many sexually selected traits maintain significant phenotypic and additive genetic variance, with explanations for this “lek paradox” including genic capture due to condition-dependence, and breaks on directional selection due to environmental sources of variance including maternal effects. Here we investigate genetic and environmental sources of variance in the intrasexually selected green badge of the sand lizard (Lacerta agilis). The badge functions as a cue to male fighting ability in this species, and male–male interactions determine mate acquisition. Using animal models on a pedigree including three generations of males measured over an extensive 9-year field study, we partition phenotypic variance in both badge size and body condition into additive genetic, maternal, and permanent environmental effects experienced by an individual over its lifespan. Heritability of badge size was 0.33 with a significant estimate of underlying additive genetic variance. Body condition was strongly environmentally determined in this species and did not show either significant additive genetic variance or heritability. Neither badge size nor body condition was responsive to maternal effects. We propose that the lack of additive genetic variance and heritability of body condition makes it unlikely that genic capture mechanisms maintain additive genetic variance for badge size. That said, genic capture was originally proposed for male traits under female choice, not agonistic selection. If developmental pathways generating variance in body condition, and/or the covarying secondary sex trait, differ between inter- and intrasexual selection, or the rate at which their additive genetic variance or covariance is depleted, future work may show whether genic capture is largely restricted to intersexual selection processes.

Natural phenomena as well as problems encountered in pure and applied sciences are modeled by ordinary, partial or integral differential equations. Most of these problems have a nonlinear aspect which makes their studies difficult, or even impossible. For this, they must resort to other alternatives; among the methods used is the integral inequalities approach, which allows the study of quantitative and qualitative properties of solutions such as existence, uniqueness, delimitation, oscillation, and stability. In this study, we present some new integral inequalities of the Gronwall–Bellman–Bihari type associated with the fractional derivative of ψ-Hilfer, which represents a strong tool and is applicable in the study of certain differential equations. Several known results are derived and some applications to ordinary differential equations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our finding.

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the face is an uncommon condition. Clinical manifestations typically include local pain, pulsatile mass, headache, and less frequently, necrosis and hemorrhage. This study discusses and illustrates an unusual case of progressively progressive AVM of the right temporal region of the face in a 33-year-old woman. The diagnosis of vascular malformation was evoked on angio-CT. The treatment was surgical and consisted of complete removal of the tumor after vascular ligation. Histology confirmed the diagnosis.

Presentation of a documented case of a lipoma of the jugal region and data from the literature on this subject. This is a 55-year-old patient with a 10-month history of swelling in the right jugal region that was found to be a lipoma on pathological examination after surgical excision. Although lipoma is the most common benign soft tissue tumor, jugal localizations are rare. We report a new case to the scientific community to document this rarity.

This study outlines a methodology to inspect the resonant characteristics of in-series-pipes hydraulic systems. The numerical model is based on the impedance approach, assuming the sinusoidal fluctuations of flow rate and pressure parameters, in conjunction with the transfer matrix concept, being implemented for automatic calculations within a complex piping systems framework. To verify the validity of the used numerical technique, the computed results were compared with a conventional numerical solution quoted in the literature. Applications address the free and forced vibration cases occurring into an in-series-pipes system. The free vibration case, is caused by an oscillating valve downstream with a constant level tank upstream; while the forced vibration case is caused by the closure of a turbine downstream. The obtained results show the reliability of the proposed numerical procedure to determine the natural frequencies of a complex in-series hydraulic system. However, this study unveils that the ‘equivalent pipe’ concept is not accurate for analysing the resonating behaviour of a complex in-series pipe system.

In this paper, using a new identity, we study one of the famous Newton-Cotes three-point quadraturerules. More precisely Maclaurin’s quadrature rule, for which we establish the error estimate of this methodunder the constraint that the first derivatives belong to the class of preinvex functions. We also give someapplications to special means as applications. We believe that this new studied inequality and the resultsobtained in this article will further inspire intrigued researchers.

Purpose of study: The interest of this study is to show that the composting of various organic materials makes it possible to contribute to reducing the quantities of Waste sent to landfills and, consequently, the removal of their environmental impact. The aim is to show that aerobic composting of organic Waste can be an alternative to sustainable waste management in Algeria by examining the potential for producing compost from different organic waste streams. Methodology: The method is based on analyzing documentary data, field surveys and experiments. The latter examines the potential for producing compost from different organic waste streams in Algeria. Three types of Waste are composted and analyzed: green Waste, kitchen waste and a combination. The experiment was carried out from March until June 2021; it involved using organic Waste to produce three different composts in their composition. Research has focused on studying the complex interplay between physical, chemical and biological factors that occur during composting and compost quality parameters. Result: The results showed that composting the organic fraction of Waste reduced its mass by 22% for green Waste, 70% for kitchen waste and 63% for the mixture of the two. The variation of the process monitoring parameters (temperature, humidity, pH) corresponds perfectly to those established in previous studies. Through analysis and the germination test, the result has made it possible to obtain good-quality compost that can be used in agriculture. Conclusion: The maturity of the composts obtained was checked by the germination test, demonstrating that the highest germination rate was recorded at the level of the soil-compost mixtures, regardless of the type of compost used. However, compost made from kitchen scraps alone has the highest rate. Chemical analyses of the composts confirmed these results, which are acceptable to French standards, given the lack of Algerian standards. This study demonstrates that composting has significantly reduced the Waste mass and obtained good quality compost.

In the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (FRTB), the latest regulation for minimum capital market risk requirements, one of the major changes, is replacing the Incremental Risk Charge (IRC) with the Default Risk Charge (DRC). The DRC measures only the default and does not consider the migration rating risk. The second new change in this approach was that the DRC now includes equity assets, contrary to the IRC. This paper studies DRC modeling under the Internal Model Approach (IMA) and the regulator conditions that every DRC component must respect. The FRTB presents the DRC measurement as Value at Risk (VaR) over a one-year horizon, with the quantile equal to 99.9%. We use multifactor adjustment to measure the DRC and compare it with the Monte Carlo Model to understand how the approach fits. We then define concentration in the DRC and propose two methods to quantify the concentration risk: the Ad Hoc and Add-On methods. Finally, we study the behavior of the DRC with respect to the concentration risk.

The present prospective clinical study aimed to investigate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the airway, correlating airway volumes obtained on multi-slice computed tomography and polysomnography assessment of oxygen saturation and apnea/hypopnea index.Twenty-four patients (11 with obstructive sleep apnea and 13 with residual snoring, mean age 10.0 (1.8), were enrolled in the study. Each patient underwent multislice computed tomography and nocturnal polysomnography before rapid maxillary expansion and after removal of maxillary expansion after six months. Airway regions were segmented, and volumes were computed.The increase in oropharyngeal volume was significant in both groups. Oxygen saturation and apnea/hypopnea index were not statistically significant. No correlation was found between total airway volume, oxygen saturation, and apnea/hypopnea index changes between the time points examined.This study showed that when rapid maxillary expansion is performed in individuals with sleep-disordered breathing, there were statistically significant differences in oropharyngeal volume between pre- and post-rapid maxillary expansion, but there was no correlation between oxygen saturation values and oropharyngeal volume increase.The article is classified as Evidence Level 3 (Three).

In this paper, we proposed a new hybrid conjugate gradient algorithm for solving unconstrained optimization problems as a convex combination of the Dai-Yuan algorithm, conjugate-descent algorithm, and Hestenes-Stiefel algorithm. This new algorithm is globally convergent and satisfies the sufficient descent condition by using the strong Wolfe conditions. The numerical results show that the proposed nonlinear hybrid conjugate gradient algorithm is efficient and robust.

To evaluate, by a three-dimensional study, the volumetric and integumentary effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the nose, in mouth breathing kids with maxillary hypoplasia, in the short term, assessing the possible interference of gender, growth and age on the results achieved.120 mouth breathing patients with maxilla hypoplasia were divided into an Experimental Group treated by rapid maxillary expansion (n = 104, 62 males and 42 females, mean age 10.1 years, SD = 2.10, ranging from 5.1 to 13.9 years); and Control Group, constituted by 16 patients (9 males and 7 females, mean age 9.3 years, SD = 2.1 years, ranging from 6.1 to 13.2 years). Patients in the experimental group underwent multislice computed tomography examinations at two different times: (T1) pre-expansion and (T2) post-expansion. The control group was submitted to the same tests at the same time intervals. Six soft tissue variables of the nose were studied, besides the volume and area of the nasal cavity, and the measurement and comparison of data between T1 and T2 were performed using the Dolphin Imaging 11.7 Premium software.The experimental group showed significant mean increases in all soft tissue variables studied (p 0.005), yet there were no significant changes in the control group. In the comparison between groups, only inclination of the nasal dorsum did not present any significant change.Rapid maxillary expansion may alter the nasal shape and physiology, by anatomical changes in the nose soft tissues, making it an important aid in the treatment of mouth breathing in childhood.The soft tissues of the nose play an important role in nasal shape and physiology and facial esthetics, and since they are directly related to the nasal valves, they are fundamental for maintenance and stability of the nasal breathing pattern.

Operational safety is at the center of all companies' concerns because increasing productivity is the top priority. Moreover, the high cost of breakdowns invests in a maintenance strategy, one of the most critical aspects of a manufacturing system. In the digital age, e-maintenance platforms can interoperate technically but fail to achieve semantic interoperability. The results are ambiguities and misunderstandings that can lead to equipment shutdowns or inefficient use of material resources. However, as formal knowledge specifications, ontologies have successfully integrated heterogeneous systems for some time. Therefore, the authors developed a core industrial maintenance ontology that is both generic and capable of extending and refining to meet semantic information repository requirements. Ontologies can unite and merge different datasets without adapting new ontologies. Only the core ontology needs to be modified according to the new semantics. A detailed description of the development process is provided, beginning with the definition of requirements and ending with the evaluation.

This paper presents a novel experimental and computational approach to characterize fracture behavior of the intermetallic bonding layer (IMBL) in bimetallic bearing materials. The proposed methodology is applied to tin (Sn) based Babbitt alloy/mild steel bimetallic composite. In this study, macro stress–strain behavior of the bond under tensile-shear stress was calculated by considering the local shear surface geometry instead of the apparent bonding zone. The metallurgical bonding layer failure mechanism was identified from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations of the fractured IMBL of the bimetallic samples tested in tension-shear. It has been found that a damage mechanism of ductile nature was the cause of tearing of the IMBL. The coupled elasto-plasticity and damage constitutive equations for the IMBL were formulated and implemented based on SEM observations. Characterization of the shear fracture behavior of IMBL included FE numerical simulation of tensile-shear tests of the bimetallic composites. Consequently, a calibration methodology is proposed to estimate the IMBL fracture parameters. This proposed approach validation was based on a qualitative and quantitative confrontation between the experimentally measured shear force-displacement diagram and the numerically calculated diagrams obtained from the simulated IMBL. Commendable average quantitative errors of almost 1% are achieved in terms of yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongation at break between computed results obtained within sheared regions of the simulated Babbitt/steel (Sn – IMCs) BL and experience. The results of such a confrontation are promising for the application of the proposed approach to predict fracture during the forming of bimetallic composite materials.

In this paper, we first prove a new parameterized identity that generates a quadrature rule family similar to Simpson’s second formula, and then we establish some new Simpson-like type inequalities for functions whose first derivatives are s-convex in the second sense, from which we can deduce the famous 3 8 {\frac{3}{8}} -Simpson inequality. We end the article with some applications.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the incidence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its impact on sexual function among women within 3 years of delivery.This was a cross-sectional study of 531 participants who gave birth by any method in the past 3 years. Participants were administered the Edinburgh Depression Screening Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire, the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score questionnaire, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Sexual Function Questionnaire's Medical Impact Scale, and Decreased Sexual Desire Screener. The primary outcome of interest was the report of any sexual dysfunction and urinary symptoms.There were 531 total participants of 600 who completed the survey in its entirety. The mean age of the cohort was 29.6 ± 7.1 years, the majority were non-Hispanic White (76.6%). It was found that 55% of the women (n = 292) reported postpartum UI (73% [n = 213] stress incontinence, 26.7% [n = 78] urgency incontinence, and 0.003% [n = 1] mixed incontinence). Sexual dysfunction was more likely to be reported in participants with UI compared with those without UI (34.2% vs 17.8%, P0.001). Urinary incontinence was found to be associated with any form of sexual dysfunction after adjustment for confounders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-2.14). Additional variables that were correlated with sexual dysfunction were perceived difficulty healing after any delivery injury (aOR, 4.79; 95% CI, 1.11-20.72), current breastfeeding (aOR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.26-8.59), and an increasing Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 score (aOR, 1.10 per 1-point increase; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15).Urinary incontinence is independently associated with sexual dysfunction and should be systematically evaluated during postpartum care.

Lean Construction (LC) combines theoretical research and industry best practices in an off-site industrialized construction environment that adopts Lean Manufacturing (LM) concepts and the know-how to reduce waste in the end-to-end lean construction process. Off-site construction industries strive to implement lean manufacturing theory and application to maximize the allocation of their resources, reduce construction waste, and optimize processes to be economically competitive. However, decision-makers usually encounter barriers while selecting the best lean tools for successful integration. Those barriers are organizational priorities, mass customization, process limitation, and improvement consensus. As a result, lean practitioners tend to implement tools such as Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Process Activity Mapping (PAM), Root Cause Diagram (RCD), Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA), Pareto Analysis (PA) to analyze and propose improvements to a manufacturing process effectively. However, the construction industry lacks a tool that can assess the effectiveness of the lean construction concepts implementation. Thus, this paper proposes an innovative approach to select and evaluate the appropriate lean concepts implemented in an off-site industrialized factory. Firstly, the assessment matrix utilizes Fuzzy-AHP in a pairwise comparison to determine the relationships and calculate the correlations between lean concepts based on the designed hierarchy structure. Secondly, the House of Quality (HoQ) matrix will be integrated to prioritize the selection criteria based on the company's strategic requirements and customer requirements. Finally, the proposed multi-criteria multi-decision ranking matrix is able to prioritize the top lean concepts and demonstrate their combinational impact by eliminating participant's subjectivity, bias, and preferences. The proposed assessment matrix was implemented in an off-site panelized construction case study to prove its effectiveness and validity. The results presented the synergies between different lean concepts combinations and their importance in a lean construction environment.

Remote sensing data is crucial in modern agriculture, particularly to estimate wheat yields over large areas quickly and accurately. This is especially important in Morocco, where drought has led to low wheat production in the 2022/23 marketing year. This study aimed to evaluate variations in wheat yield within Moroccan fields. Four spectral indices were extracted from Sentinel-2 imagery (NDVI, GCVI, EVI and SATVI) for the agricultural season of 2020 and 2021, as well as data on total precipitation, maximum and minimum air temperatures, and total NPK fertilizer inputs. Three machine learning models were used for the analysis: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (Xgboost). The results showed that the non-linear models (RF and Xgboost) performed better than the linear model (MLR). The best performing algorithm was found to be Xgboost, with an R² value of 0.75 and a root mean square error of 689 kg.ha-1 when only using spectral indices and climate data, and a root mean square error of 566 kg.ha-1 when adding total NPK fertilizer data. The use of remote sensing indices, climate data, and NPK inputs with a machine learning technique was found to be effective in estimating wheat yields and can help to fill gaps in missing data.

We numerically and experimentally report the acoustic analogue of the super-Klein tunneling in a heterojunction of phononic crystals formed with Willis scatterers that exhibit pseudospin-1 Dirac cones. By comparing with the pseudospin-1/2 Dirac cones, pseudospin-1 ones require in the band structure an additional flatband across the Dirac points. The conventional Klein tunneling, which is predicted in pseudospin-1/2 systems like graphene, consists of perfect transmission only under normal incidence through a potential barrier of any width. However, the super-Klein tunneling that we evidence here is defined for pseudospin-1 systems as a perfect transmission for all incidence angles at one single frequency within the energy barrier. This direct observation may have important implications in the exploration of the rich physics of pseudospin-1 quasiparticles.

ObjectiveTo explore the frequency of occurrence of extra-renal manifestations associated with monogenic kidney stone diseases.MethodsA literature review was conducted to identify genes that are well-established monogenic causes of nephrolithiasis. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases were used to identify associated diseases and their properties. Disease phenotypes were ascertained using OMIM clinical synopses and sorted into 24 different phenotype categories as classified in OMIM. Disease phenotypes caused by the same gene were merged into a single gene-associated phenotype (GAP) unit such that one GAP encompasses all related disease phenotypes for a specific gene. We measured the total number of GAPs involving each phenotype category and determined the median phenotype category. Phenotype categories were classified as overrepresented or underrepresented if the number of GAPs involving them was higher or lower than the median, respectively. A chi-square test was conducted to determine whether the number of GAPs affecting a given category significantly deviated from the median.ResultsFifty-five genes were identified as monogenic causes of nephrolithiasis. All GAPs comprised at least one extra-renal phenotype category. The median phenotype category was part of 10 (18%) unique GAPs. A total of 6 significantly overrepresented (growth, skeletal, neurologic, abdomen/gastrointestinal, muscle, metabolic features) and 5 significantly underrepresented (mouth, voice, neck, immunology, neoplasia) phenotype categories were identified among our group of monogenic kidney stone diseases (pConclusionMonogenic nephrolithiasis is a multi-system disorder. Recognizing the extra-renal manifestations associated with monogenic causes of kidney stones is critical for earlier diagnosis and optimal prognosis in patients.

BackgroundCystine stone is a Mendelian genetic disease caused bySLC3A1orSLC7A9. In this study, we aimed to estimate the genetic prevalence of cystine stones and compare it with the clinical prevalence to better understand the disease etiology.MethodsWe analyzed genetic variants in the general population using the 1000 Genomes project and the Human Gene Mutation Database to extract allSLC3A1andSLC7A9pathogenic variants. All variants procured from both databases were intersected. Pathogenic allele frequency, carrier rate, and affected rate were calculated and estimated based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.ResultsWe found that 9 uniqueSLC3A1pathogenic variants were carried by 26 people and 5 uniqueSLC7A9pathogenic variants were carried by 12 people, all of whom were heterozygote carriers. No homozygote, compound heterozygote, or double heterozygote was identified in the 1000 Genome database. Based on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the calculated genetic prevalence of cystine stone disease is 1 in 30,585.ConclusionThe clinical prevalence of cystine stone has been previously reported as 1 in 7,000, a notably higher figure than the genetic prevalence of 1 in 30,585 calculated in this study. This suggests that the etiology of cystine stone is more complex than what our current genetic knowledge can explain. Possible factors that may contribute to this difference include novel causal genes, undiscovered pathogenic variants, alternative inheritance models, founder effects, epigenetic modifications, environmental factors, or other modifying factors. Further investigation is needed to fully understand the etiology of cystine stone.

Background: Low confidence in the safety of COVID-19 vaccines was found to be a key promoter of vaccine reluctance especially among youth. Furthermore, young adults are an important demographic for building herd immunity through vaccination. As a result, their reactions to getting COVID-19 vaccines are crucial in our fight against SARS-CoV-2 Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey-based study to assess the COVID-19 vaccines' short-term AEFIs among Moroccan medical and pharmacy students. The validated questionnaire was delivered in a digital form to explore the side effects (SE) they encountered after the first or the second dose of one of three vaccines namely: AstraZeneca Vaxzevria, PfizerBioNTeck, and SinoPharm vaccines. Results: There were 510 students in total who took part. After the first and second doses, approximately 72 percent and 78 percent of subjects, respectively, reported no SE. The remainder had localized injection site side effects (26 %). Fatigue (21 %), fever (19 %), headache (17 %), and myalgia (16 %) were the most common systemic adverse effects after the first dose. There were no serious SEs reported. Conclusion: The majority of the reported AEFIs in our data were mild to moderate in intensity and lasted only one or two days. COVID-19 vaccinations are highly likely safe for young adults, according to the findings of this study

In this paper, by considering the identity established by Luo et al. in [C. Luo, T.-S. Du, M. Kunt and Y. Zhang, Certain new bounds considering the weighted Simpson-like type inequality and applications, J. Inequal. Appl. 2018 2018, Paper No. 332] and under the assumption of the quasi-convexity of the first derivative, we establish some new error estimates of the Simpson-like type inequalities. We also discuss the case where the first derivative satisfies the Hölder condition. At the end, we provide some applications to special means. The obtained results represent a continuation of the above-mentioned paper.

Introduction Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common outpatient infections in the United States. Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) are 30 times more common in women than men, suggesting differences in genitourinary anatomy and physiologic factors exist that could explain an increased susceptibility in females. One in three women are diagnosed with a UTI by age 24, with a recurrence rate of approximately 2.6 infections/year. A bidirectional relationship exists between rUTI and pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in women, however, little is known about the role of pelvic floor dysfunction in the pathogenesis of UTI in premenopausal women. Objective We aimed to document the occurrence of PFD among a group of premenopausal women with rUTI to further understand the relationship and identify factors associated with pelvic pain and dyspareunia. We hypothesize PFD will have a high prevalence in this population. Methods The Electronic Medical Record Search Engine (EMERSE) database for a single institution was utilize to identify eligible patients. Inclusion criteria included women aged 18-49 with an ICD code for UTI, who still have their ovaries, and who have who have seen a urologist, gynecologist, or urogynecologist within the past 5 years. A total of 610 eligible patients were identified and contacted via email and asked to participate in our survey study. The survey included queries on demographics, medical history, personal experience with UTI symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Survey responses were analyzed using chi-squared tests to analyze factors associated with dyspareunia. Pelvic floor dysfunction was defined as baseline pelvic pain outside of the context of UTI or dyspareunia. Internal Review Board approval was obtained for this study (STUDY20211407). Results Of the 610 women contacted, 65 (10.7%) responded. Outside the context of UTI, 52 (80%) women reported some degree of pelvic pain (Figure 1) and 40 (62%) women reported dyspareunia. The presence of pelvic pain was significantly associated with dyspareunia (90% with dyspareunia vs 64% without, p Conclusions PFD is highly prevalent among premenopausal women with rUTI, and screening for pelvic pain and dyspareunia should be performed in this population. Patients who report pelvic pain are more likely to have dyspareunia. Further investigation is needed to evaluate causation between PFD and rUTI in premenopausal women. Disclosure No