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3. Structure and reactivity studies of the unusual peroxo-bridged iridium complex, [Ir2I2(CO)2(.mu.-O2)(Ph2PCH2PPh2)2]: the first compound having a peroxide moiety bridging a metal-metal bond

Author

Brian A. Vaartstra, Barnard D. Santarsiero, Martin R. Cowie, and Jianliang Xiao

Subjects
Stereochemistry, Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Crystal structure, Biochemistry, Medicinal chemistry, Oxygen, Peroxide, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, X-ray crystallography, Moiety, Molecule, Iridium, Metallic bonding
Abstract

Reaction of the diiodo complex [Ir 2 I 2 (CO)(μ-CO)(dppm) 2 ] (1; dppm=Ph 2 PCH 2 PPh 2 ) with oxygen an unusual peroxo-bridged complex, [Ir 2 I 2 (CO) 2 (μ-O 2 )(dppm) 2 ] (2), in which the bridging dioxygen group is a by a metal-metal bond. The reactivity of this species has been investigated. Thus, reaction of SO 2 with 2 yields the sulfate-bridged compound [Ir 2 I 2 (CO) 2 (μ-SO 4 )(dppm) 2 ].

Published
1993
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4. In vivo influenza virus-inhibitory effects of the cyclopentane neuraminidase inhibitor RJW-270201

Author

Sidwell, R W, Smee, D F, Huffman, J H, Barnard, D L, Bailey, K W, Morrey, John D, and Babu, Y S

Subjects
viruses, Virology, Cyclopentane neuramindase, chemo, influenza virus
Abstract

The cyclopentane influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor RWJ-270201 was evaluated against influenza A/NWS/33 (H1N1), A/Shangdong/09/93 (H3N2), A/Victoria/3/75 (H3N2), and B/Hong Kong/05/72 virus infections in mice. Treatment was by oral gavage twice daily for 5 days beginning 4 h pre-virus exposure. The influenza virus inhibitor oseltamivir was run in parallel, and ribavirin was included in studies with the A/Shangdong and B/Hong Kong viruses. RWJ-270201 was inhibitory to all infections using doses as low as 1 mg/kg/day. Oseltamivir was generally up to 10-fold less effective than RWJ-270201. Ribavirin was also inhibitory but was less tolerated by the mice at the 75-mg/kg/day dose used. Disease-inhibitory effects included prevention of death, lessening of decline of arterial oxygen saturation, inhibition of lung consolidation, and reduction in lung virus titers. RWJ-270201 and oseltamivir, at doses of 10 and 1 mg/kg/day each, were compared with regard to their effects on daily lung parameters in influenza A/Shangdong/09/93 virus-infected mice. Maximum virus titer inhibition was seen on day 1, with RWJ-270201 exhibiting the greater inhibitory effect, a titer reduction of >104 cell culture 50% infective doses (CCID50)/g. By day 8, the lung virus titers in mice treated with RWJ-270201 had declined to 101.2 CCID50/g, whereas titers from oseltamivir-treated animals were >103 CCID50/g. Mean lung consolidation was also higher in the oseltamivir-treated animals on day 8. Both neuraminidase inhibitors were well tolerated by the mice. RWJ-270201 was nontoxic at doses as high as 1,000 mg/kg/day. These data indicate potential for the oral use of RWJ-270201 in the treatment of influenza virus infections in humans.

Published
2001

5. Progress in Element Analysis on a High-Voltage Electron Microscope

Author

Tivol, W. F., Barnard, D., and Guha, T.

Subjects
endocrine system, microanalysis, animal structures, thick specimens, biological analysis, energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer, background, brehmsstrahlung, shielding, probe size, high-voltage electron microscope, Biology
Abstract

X-Ray microprobe (XMA) and electron energy-loss (EELS) spectrometers have been installed on the high-voltage electron microscope (HVEM). The probe size has been measured and background reduction is in progress for XMA and EELS as are improvements in electron optics for EELS and sensitivity measurements. XMA is currently useful for qualitative analysis and has been used by several investigators from our laboratory and outside laboratories. However, EELS background levels are still too high for meaningful results to be obtained. Standards suitable for biological specimens are being measured, and a library for quantitative analysis is being compiled.

Published
1984

6. Insects, Enemies of Insects

Author

Burks, Barnard D. and U.S. Government Printing Office

Subjects
behavior and behavior mechanisms, Life Sciences, Entomology
Abstract

A common sight in the country is the large gray paper nest built by the bald-faced hornet. Generally it hangs from the stout limb of a tree at the edge of a forest. Within the nest the hornets live a social life much like that of the honey bee. Each nest has a single queen, the mother of the other members of the colony. The workers, the sterile females, care for the developing brood and perform other housekeeping duties in the nest or serve as foragers, ranging the countryside to gather food and materials for building and maintaining the nest.

Published
1953

7. The Armada

Author

Barnard, D. J. J.

Abstract

n/a

Published
1888

11. Letter to the editor

Author

Barnard D

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Trigeminal neuralgia, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine, Cryotherapy, business, medicine.disease, General Dentistry, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Surgery
Published
1985
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12. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

Author

Hart, J C, Marmion, V J, Clarke, S K, and Barnard, D L

Subjects
Cross Infection, Keratoconjunctivitis, General Engineering, Humans, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Medicine, Disposable Equipment, Research Article, Disease Outbreaks, General Environmental Science
Published
1971
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13. Effect of aliskiren on post-discharge outcomes among diabetic and non-diabetic patients hospitalized for heart failure: insights from the ASTRONAUT trial

Author

Maggioni, Aldo P., Greene, Stephen J., Fonarow, Gregg C., Böhm, Michael, Zannad, Faiez, Solomon, Scott D., Lewis, Eldrin F., Baschiera, Fabio, Hua, Tsushung A., Gimpelewicz, Claudio R., Lesogor, Anastasia, Gheorghiade, Mihai, Ramos, Silvina, Luna, Alejandra, Miriuka, Santiago, Diez, Mirta, Perna, Eduardo, Luquez, Hugo, Pinna, Jorge Garcia, Castagnino, Jorge, Alvarenga, Pablo, Ibañez, Julio, Blumberg, Eduardo Salmon, Dizeo, Claudio, Guerrero, Rodolfo Ahuad, Schygiel, Pablo, Milesi, Rodolfo, Sosa, Carlos, Hominal, Miguel, Marquez, Lilia Lobo, Poy, Carlos, Hasbani, Eduardo, Vico, Marisa, Fernandez, Alberto, Vita, Nestor, Vanhaecke, Johan, De Keulenaer, Gilles, Striekwold, Harry, Vervoort, Geert, Vrolix, Mathias, Henry, Philippe, Dendale, Paul, Smolders, Walter, Marechal, Patrick, Vandekerckhove, Hans, Oliveira, Mucio, Neuenschwande, Fernando, Reis, Gilmar, Saraiva, Jose, Bodanese, Luiz, Canesin, Manoel, Greco, Oswaldo, Bassan, Roberto, Marino, Roberto Luis, Giannetti, Nadia, Moe, Gordon, Sussex, Bruce, Sheppard, Richard, Huynh, Thao, Stewart, Robert, Haddad, Haissam, Echeverria, Luis, Quintero, Adalberto, Torres, Adriana, Jaramillo, Mónica, Lopez, Mónica, Mendoza, Fernan, Florez, Noel, Cotes, Carlos, Garcia, Magali, Belohlavek, Jan, Hradec, Jaromir, Peterka, Martin, Gregor, Pavel, Monhart, Zdenek, Jansky, Petr, Kettner, Jiri, Reichert, Petr, Spinar, Jindrich, Brabec, Tomas, Hutyra, Martin, Solar, Miroslav, Pietilä, Mikko, Nyman, Kai, Pajari, Risto, Cohen, Ariel, Galinier, Michel, Gosse, Philippe, Livarek, Bernard, Neuder, Yannick, Jourdain, Patrick, Picard, François, Isnard, Richard, Hoppe, Uta, Kaeaeb, Stefan, Rosocha, Stefan, Prondzinsky, Roland, Felix, Stephan, Duengen, Hans-Dirk, Figulla, Hans-Reiner, Fischer, Sven, Behrens, Steffen, Stawowy, Philipp, Kruells-Muench, Juergen, Knebel, Fabian, Nienaber, Christoph, Werner, Dierk, Aron, Wilma, Remppis, Bjoern, Hambrecht, Rainer, Kisters, Klaus, Werner, Nikos, Hoffmann, Stefan, Rossol, Siegbert, Geiss, Ernst, Graf, Kristof, Hamann, Frank, von Scheidt, Wolfgang, Schwinger, Robert, Tebbe, Ulrich, Costard-Jaeckle, Angelika, Lueders, Stephan, Heitzer, Thomas, Leutermann-Oei, Marie-Louise, Braun-Dullaeus, Ruediger, Roehnisch, Jens-Uwe, Muth, Gerhard, Goette, Andreas, Rotter, Achim, Ebelt, Henning, Olbrich, Hans-Georg, Mitrovic, Veselin, Hengstenberg, Christian, Schellong, Sebastian, Zamolyi, Karoly, Vertes, Andras, Matoltsy, Andras, Palinkas, Attila, Herczeg, Bela, Apro, Dezso, Lupkovics, Geza, Tomcsanyi, Janos, Toth, Kalman, Mathur, Atul, Banker, Darshan, Bharani, Anil, Arneja, Jaspal, Khan, Aziz, Gadkari, Milind, Hiremath, Jagdish, Patki, Nitin, Kumbla, Makund, Santosh, M.J., Ravikishore, A.G., Abhaichand, Rajpal, Maniyal, Vijayakukmar, Nanjappa, Manjunath, Reddy, P. Naveen, Chockalingam, Kulasekaran, Premchand, Rajendra, Mahajan, Vijay, Lewis, Basil, Wexler, Dov, Shochat, Michael, Keren, Andre, Omary, Muhamad, Katz, Amos, Marmor, Alon, Lembo, Giuseppe, Di Somma, Salvatore, Boccanelli, Alessandro, Barbiero, Mario, Pajes, Giuseppe, De Servi, Stefano, Greco, Dott Cosimo, De Santis, Fernando, Floresta, Agata, Visconti, Luigi Oltrona, Piovaccari, Giancarlo, Cavallini, Claudio, Di Biase, Matteo, Masini, Dott Franco, Vassanelli, Corrado, Viecca, Maurizio, Cangemi, Dott Francesco, Pirelli, Salvatore, Borghi, Claudio, Volpe, Massimo, Branzi, Angelo, Percoco, Dott Giovanni, Severi, Silvia, Santini, Alberto, De Lorenzi, Ettore, Metra, Marco, Zacà, Valerio, Mortara, Andrea, Tranquilino, Francisco P., Babilonia, Noe A., Ferrolino, Arthur M., Manlutac, Benjamin, Dluzniewski, Miroslaw, Dzielinska, Zofia, Nowalany-Kozie, Ewa, Mazurek, Walentyna, Wierzchowiecki, Jerzy, Wysokinski, Andrzej, Szachniewicz, Joanna, Romanowski, Witold, Krauze-Wielicka, Magdalena, Jankowski, Piotr, Berkowski, Piotr, Szelemej, Roman, Kleinrok, Andrzej, Kornacewicz-Jac, Zdzislawa, Vintila, Marius, Vladoianu, Mircea, Militaru, Constantin, Dan, Gheorghe, Dorobantu, Maria, Dragulescu, Stefan, Kostenko, Victor, Vishnevsky, Alexandr, Goloschekin, Boris, Tyrenko, Vadim, Gordienko, Alexander, Kislyak, Oxana, Martsevich, Sergey, Kuchmin, Alexey, Karpov, Yurii, Fomin, Igor, Shvarts, Yury, Orlikova, Olga, Ershova, Olga, Berkovich, Olga, Sitnikova, Maria, Pakhomova, Inna, Boldueva, Svetlana, Tyurina, Tatiana, Simanenkov, Vladimir, Boyarkin, Mikhail, Novikova, Nina, Tereschenko, Sergey, Zadionchenko, Vladimir, Shogenov, Zaur, Gordeev, Ivan, Moiseev, Valentin, Wong, Raymond, Ong, Hean Yee, Le Tan, Ju, Goncalvesova, Eva, Kovar, Frantisek, Skalina, Ivan, Kasperova, Viera, Hojerova, Silvia, Szentivanyi, Miroslav, Stancak, Branislav, Babcak, Marian, Kycina, Peter, Poliacik, Pavol, Toth, Peter, Sirotiakova, Jana, de Sa, Esteban Lopez, Bueno, Manuel Gomez, Selles, Manuel Martinez, Cabrera, Jose Angel, Freire, Ramon Bover, Gonzalez Juanatey, Jose Ramon, Comin, Josep, Soriano, FranciscoRidocci, Lopez, Alejandro, Vicho, Raul, Lama, Manuel Geraldia, Schaufelberger, Maria, Brunotte, Richard, Ullman, Bengt, Hagerman, Inger, Cizinsky, Stella, Cherng, Wen-Jin, Yu, Wen-Chung, Kuo, Chi-Tai, Chang, Kuan-Cheng, Lai, Wen-Ter, Kuo, Jen-Yuan, Ural, Dilek, Badak, Ozer, Akin, Mustafa, Yigit, Zerrin, Yokusoglu, Mehmet, Yilmaz, Mehmet, Abaci, Adnan, Ebinc, Haksun, Perlman, Richard, Parish, David, Bergin, James, Burnham, Kenneth, Brown, Christopher, Lundbye, Justin, Williams, Celeste, Eisen, Howard, Juneman, Elizabeth, Joseph, Susan, Peberdy, Mary Ann, Peura, Jennifer, Gupta, Vishal, Habet, Kalim, French, William, Mody, Freny, Graham, Susan, Hazelrigg, Monica, Chung, Eugene, Dunlap, Stephanie, Nikolaidis, Lazaros, Najjar, Samer, Katz, Richard, Murali, Srinivas, Izzo, Joseph L., Callister, Tracy, Phillips, Roland, Lippolis, Nicholas, Winterton, John, Meymandi, Sheba, Heilman, Karl, Oren, Ron, Zolty, Ronald, Brottman, Michael, Gunawardena, D.R., Adams, Kirkwood, Barnard, Denise, Klapholz, Marc, Fulmer, James, Maggioni AP, Greene SJ, Fonarow GC, Böhm M, Zannad F, Solomon SD, Lewis EF, Baschiera F, Hua TA, Gimpelewicz CR, Lesogor A, Gheorghiade M, Ramos S, Luna A, Miriuka S, Diez M, Perna E, Luquez H, Pinna JG, Castagnino J, Alvarenga P, Ibañez J, Blumberg ES, Dizeo C, Guerrero RA, Schygiel P, Milesi R, Sosa C, Hominal M, Marquez LL, Poy C, Hasbani E, Vico M, Fernandez A, Vita N, Vanhaecke J, De Keulenaer G, Striekwold H, Vervoort G, Vrolix M, Henry P, Dendale P, Smolders W, Marechal P, Vandekerckhove H, Oliveira M, Neuenschwande F, Reis G, Saraiva J, Bodanese L, Canesin M, Greco O, Bassan R, Marino RL, Giannetti N, Moe G, Sussex B, Sheppard R, Huynh T, Stewart R, Haddad H, Echeverria L, Quintero A, Torres A, Jaramillo M, Lopez M, Mendoza F, Florez N, Cotes C, Garcia M, Belohlavek J, Hradec J, Peterka M, Gregor P, Monhart Z, Jansky P, Kettner J, Reichert P, Spinar J, Brabec T, Hutyra M, Solar M, Pietilä M, Nyman K, Pajari R, Cohen A, Galinier M, Gosse P, Livarek B, Neuder Y, Jourdain P, Picard F, Isnard R, Hoppe U, Kaeaeb S, Rosocha S, Prondzinsky R, Felix S, Duengen HD, Figulla HR, Fischer S, Behrens S, Stawowy P, Kruells-Muench J, Knebel F, Nienaber C, Werner D, Aron W, Remppis B, Hambrecht R, Kisters K, Werner N, Hoffmann S, Rossol S, Geiss E, Graf K, Hamann F, von Scheidt W, Schwinger R, Tebbe U, Costard-Jaeckle A, Lueders S, Heitzer T, Leutermann-Oei ML, Braun-Dullaeus R, Roehnisch JU, Muth G, Goette A, Rotter A, Ebelt H, Olbrich HG, Mitrovic V, Hengstenberg C, Schellong S, Zamolyi K, Vertes A, Matoltsy A, Palinkas A, Herczeg B, Apro D, Lupkovics G, Tomcsanyi J, Toth K, Mathur A, Banker D, Bharani A, Arneja J, Khan A, Gadkari M, Hiremath J, Patki N, Kumbla M, Santosh MJ, Ravikishore AG, Abhaichand R, Maniyal V, Nanjappa M, Reddy PN, Chockalingam K, Premchand R, Mahajan V, Lewis B, Wexler D, Shochat M, Keren A, Omary M, Katz A, Marmor A, Lembo G, Di Somma S, Boccanelli A, Barbiero M, Pajes G, De Servi S, Greco DC, De Santis F, Floresta A, Visconti LO, Piovaccari G, Cavallini C, Di Biase M, Masini DF, Vassanelli C, Viecca M, Cangemi DF, Pirelli S, Borghi C, Volpe M, Branzi A, Percoco DG, Severi S, Santini A, De Lorenzi E, Metra M, Zacà V, Mortara A, Tranquilino FP, Babilonia NA, Ferrolino AM, Manlutac B, Dluzniewski M, Dzielinska Z, Nowalany-Kozie E, Mazurek W, Wierzchowiecki J, Wysokinski A, Szachniewicz J, Romanowski W, Krauze-Wielicka M, Jankowski P, Berkowski P, Szelemej R, Kleinrok A, Kornacewicz-Jac Z, Vintila M, Vladoianu M, Militaru C, Dan G, Dorobantu M, Dragulescu S, Kostenko V, Vishnevsky A, Goloschekin B, Tyrenko V, Gordienko A, Kislyak O, Martsevich S, Kuchmin A, Karpov Y, Fomin I, Shvarts Y, Orlikova O, Ershova O, Berkovich O, Sitnikova M, Pakhomova I, Boldueva S, Tyurina T, Simanenkov V, Boyarkin M, Novikova N, Tereschenko S, Zadionchenko V, Shogenov Z, Gordeev I, Moiseev V, Wong R, Ong HY, Le Tan J, Goncalvesova E, Kovar F, Skalina I, Kasperova V, Hojerova S, Szentivanyi M, Stancak B, Babcak M, Kycina P, Poliacik P, Toth P, Sirotiakova J, Lopez de Sa E, Bueno MG, Selles MM, Cabrera JA, Freire RB, Gonzalez Juanatey JR, Comin J, Soriano F, Lopez A, Vicho R, Lama MG, Schaufelberger M, Brunotte R, Ullman B, Hagerman I, Cizinsky S, Cherng WJ, Yu WC, Kuo CT, Chang KC, Lai WT, Kuo JY, Ural D, Badak O, Akin M, Yigit Z, Yokusoglu M, Yilmaz M, Abaci A, Ebinc H, Perlman R, Parish D, Bergin J, Burnham K, Brown C, Lundbye J, Williams C, Eisen H, Juneman E, Joseph S, Peberdy MA, Peura J, Gupta V, Habet K, French W, Mody F, Graham S, Hazelrigg M, Chung E, Dunlap S, Nikolaidis L, Najjar S, Katz R, Murali S, Izzo JL, Callister T, Phillips R, Lippolis N, Winterton J, Meymandi S, Heilman K, Oren R, Zolty R, Brottman M, Gunawardena DR, Adams K, Barnard D, Klapholz M, and Fulmer J

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiotonic Agents, ASTRONAUT, Diabetic Cardiomyopathies, Administration, Oral, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Placebo, Diabete, chemistry.chemical_compound, Double-Blind Method, Fumarates, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Troponin I, Renin, Clinical endpoint, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Heart Failure, Ejection fraction, business.industry, Surrogate endpoint, Aliskiren, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Amides, Hospitalization, Endocrinology, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Heart failure, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, aliskiren
Abstract

Aims The objective of the Aliskiren Trial on Acute Heart Failure Outcomes (ASTRONAUT) was to determine whether alis- kiren, a direct renin inhibitor, would improve post-discharge outcomes in patients with hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) with reduced ejection fraction. Pre-specified subgroup analyses suggested potential heterogeneity in post- discharge outcomes with aliskiren in patients with and without baseline diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods and results ASTRONAUT included 953 patients without DM (aliskiren 489; placebo 464) and 662 patients with DM (aliskiren 319; placebo 343) (as reported by study investigators). Study endpoints included the first occurrence of cardiovascular death or HHF within 6 and 12 months, all-cause death within 6 and 12 months, and change from baseline in N-terminal pro-B- type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) at 1, 6, and 12 months. Data regarding risk of hyperkalaemia, renal impairment, and hypotension, and changes in additional serum biomarkers were collected. The effect of aliskiren on cardiovascular death or HHF within 6 months (primary endpoint) did not significantly differ by baseline DM status (P ¼ 0.08 for interaction), but reached statistical significance at 12 months (non-DM: HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.64-0.99; DM: HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.91-1.47; P ¼ 0.03 for interaction). Risk of 12-month all-cause death with aliskiren significantly differed by the presence of baseline DM (non-DM: HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.94; DM: HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.33; P , 0.01 for interaction). Among non-diabetics, aliskiren significantly reduced NT-proBNP through 6 months and plasma troponin I and aldosterone through 12 months, as compared to placebo. Among diabetic patients, aliskiren reduced plasma troponin I and aldoster- one relative to placebo through 1 month only. There was a trend towards differing risk of post-baseline potassium ≥6 mmol/L with aliskiren by underlying DM status (non-DM: HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.71-1.93; DM: HR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.30-4.42; P ¼ 0.07 for interaction). Conclusion This pre-specified subgroup analysis from the ASTRONAUT trial generates the hypothesis that the addition of aliskiren to standard HHF therapy in non-diabetic patients is generally well-tolerated and improves post-discharge outcomes and biomarker profiles. In contrast, diabetic patients receiving aliskiren appear to have worse post-discharge outcomes. Future prospective investigations are needed to confirm potential benefits of renin inhibition in a large cohort of HHF patients without DM.

Published
2013

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