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Antibodies raised in rabbits against pure rat T-kininogen did not cross-react with lle-Ser-Bradykinin, bradykinin, nor with kininogens from other mammalian species. They presented a 1 to 15% cross-reaction with pure rat HMW kininogen depending on the quantity of HMW kininogen. A direct radioimmunoassay for rat T-kininogen in plasma was developed and it enabled 89 fmol of the protein to be detected. A good correspondence was obtained between the direct RIA and the T-kinin generating assay By the direct assay, it was found that T-kininogen is increased about ten fold in rats subcutaneously injected with turpentine. These data were confirmed by HPLC analysis of the plasma kinins released by trypsin which demonstrated that only T-kinins are increased, bradykinin being unchanged. it was possible according to the results obtained by the direct RIA and HPLC analysis to estimate that in the normal rat, HMW and LMW kininogen represent about 35 % and T-kininogen 65 %. In the turpentine-treated rat, T-kininogen reached 95%. This RIA will allow the study of the regulation of T-kininogen in the rat and the synthesis of this protein in cells in culture.