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In the historical catalog published by the SSN, discrepancies have been detected in the depths and magnitudes of ancient earthquakes with epicenters in Mexico City and the State of Mexico; in most cases, due to wrong velocity models used to calculate the hypocenter of these earthquakes (mainly those recorded before 2010). Recently, structure models have been estimated for some areas of Mexico City, which has allowed for a more reliable depth calculation. Regarding the magnitudes, several earthquakes were reported with a few readings, allowing for a misdetermination of magnitude value. In this research, we made a careful relocation of these events, and the magnitude previously calculated was also corroborated with the determination of the seismic moment magnitude; additionally, for the events meeting requirements such as being of magnitudes greater than 2.5 and recorded in more than five stations, we obtained focal mechanisms through several techniques such as Focmec, Fpfit, and Hash, all of them inside the Seisan package. In addition, the inversion was performed using the ISOLA method, which occurred between 2010-2021., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

The research was conducted to assess the adoption of small-scale irrigation technologies for vegetable production by farmers in Nasarawa State. A multi-stage random sampling techniques was adopted on selecting three (3) local government each from the three agricultural zones in the state namely; Nasarawa North, Nasarawa south and Nasarawa west to give a total number of nine (9) local government that was used for the study, from each of the nine (9) selected local government, fifteen (15) small-scale farmers were randomly selected to give a total number of one hundred and thirty five (135) respondents that was used for the study. Data were collected and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics such a frequency count, mean score, percentage score and standard deviation to satisfied all the objectives. Instrument for data collection was administered through a well structured questionnaire and oral interview. The instrument cover all the objectives of the study. The major findings revealed that majority of the respondents (63%) were full-time farmers while (37%) were engaged in other forms of occupation. The result also indicate that majority (41%) of the respondents fall within the ages of 21 – 30yrs (30%) falls within the ages of 31 – 40yrs (15%) falls within 1 – 20yrs and (7.4%) falls within 51 and above. The findings revealed that (66%) of the respondents are male while (34%) are female. The result also shows that (70%) of the respondents are married while (37%) are single. The findings revealed that majority (46.66%) of the respondents uses stream as the source of water supply (27%) uses dams and (19%) uses rivers (7.40%) uses canals.

The research was designed to examine the profitability analysis of beniseed (Sesame) production in Lafia Local Government. Data collected was analysed using simple descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency count, percentage and gross margin analysis to satisfy all the objectives. From the data collected, it was deduced that majority of the respondents 94.2% that engaged in sesame production are male. Also, most of the respondents 37.5% are married men and women who participated in the production of beniseed in order to carter for their family needs. Most of the respondents have one form of education or the other but majorities of them 33.8% have primary education predominantly, people who engaged in the production of beniseed in the study area are the small-scale farmers. Most of the respondents have an average number of family 3 – 4 per household. Most of the respondents spend only few number of years 3 – 5 years in beniseed production, 66.67% of the respondents being small-scale farmers make use of their family as a source of labour. In terms of extension awareness, 70.8% of the respondents are aware of extension services while only few number 29.2% are not. In terms of access to credit facilities majority of the respondents 65.0% have no access to credit while only scanty number 35.0% have access to credit facilities majority of the respondents 46.7% have problem of inadequate fund as a source of capital.

The research was conducted to assess the adoption of small-scale irrigation technologies for vegetable production by farmers in Nasarawa State. A multi-stage random sampling techniques was adopted on selecting three (3) local government each from the three agricultural zones in the state namely; Nasarawa North, Nasarawa south and Nasarawa west to give a total number of nine (9) local government that was used for the study, from each of the nine (9) selected local government, fifteen (15) small-scale farmers were randomly selected to give a total number of one hundred and thirty five (135) respondents that was used for the study. Data were collected and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics such a frequency count, mean score, percentage score and standard deviation to satisfy all the objectives. Instrument for data collection was administered through a well structured questionnaire and oral interview. The instrument covered all the objectives of the study. The major findings revealed that majority of the respondents (63%) were full-time farmers while (37%) were engaged in other forms of occupation. The result also indicate that majority (41%) of the respondents fall within the ages of 21 – 30yrs (30%) falls within the ages of 31 – 40yrs (15%) falls within 1 – 20yrs and (7.4%) falls within 51 and above. The findings revealed that (66%) of the respondents are male while (34%) are female. The result also shows that (70%) of the respondents are married while (37%) are single. The findings revealed that majority (46.66%) of the respondent’s uses stream as the source of water supply (27%) uses dams and (19%) uses rivers (7.40%) uses canals.

Vegetables play a very important role in rural and urban communities as both food and a business opportunity. They are fast-growing species, with high nutritional values and able to generate income in a relatively short period compared to other crops. A characterization of market gardening systems was carried out with 368 producers from major market gardening sites in South-Kivu, in Easten of the RD Congo.The aim pursued was to assess existing systems and perspectives to enable steady transition to integrated, sustainable and resilient crop systems. The results showed that very few producers in the region practice plant integration. The typology carried out made it possible to identify three classes of market gardening farms based on adopted agronomic practices, production factors and possible outcomes derived from different systems. Most of the surveyed farms practice crop rotation and are market-oriented. However, they majorly differ in terms of farm size, practices of intercropping, permanent agriculture, mulching, production constraints and producer’s perception on the level of production. For instance, producers who are much more into intercropping also cultivate small areas (less than 0.25 ha). Results also showed that variables such as type of labour, cropping system, type of fertilizer used, mulching practice, adoption of permanent agriculture, producer’s perception of the level of soil fertility, and the water source used affect producer’s appreciation of the level of production obtained (p < 0.05). These variables can be mobilized for improvement of the market gardening system towards more sustainable, diversified and resilient systems.

Entre los meses de agosto de 2007 y diciembre de 2008, se llevó a cabo el programa "Desarrollo, validación y asistencia técnica para la incorporación de sistemas productivos agroforestales en la agricultura familiar campesina" financiado por el Ministerio de Agricultura y ejecutado por el Instituto Forestal de Chile (INFOR), cuyo objetivo fue difundir e implementar modelos agroforestales para contribuir a un desarrollo sustentable de la Agricultura Familiar Campesina en las regiones del Bío Bío y La Araucanía, Chile

This study aims to analyze the perception of farmers from the effects of climate change on the production of cashew nuts in the town of Savalou. Thus 210 farmers were surveyed in the Municipality of Savalou based on a semi-structured questionnaire. The data collected relate to the socio-cultural characteristics of the planters, their perception of the causes and weather events affecting the performance of the cashew tree and adaptation strategies. The results show that the majority of farmers have age less than 50 years. The age of the plantations, the average yield, density and performance achieved in 2014 varied significantly (P

This paper introduces a 3D-integrated image sensor with high dynamic range, high frame rate and high resolution capabilities. A robust algorithm for dynamic range extension with low sensitivity to circuit non-idealities and based on multiple exposures is presented. The impact of the TSV diameter over the dynamic range and frame rate performance is studied allowing the choice of the best 3D technology for the required performance. ispartof: pages:836-839 ispartof: Proceedings of DATE pages:836-839 ispartof: DATE location:Dresden date:12 Mar - 16 Mar 2012 status: published

Single-photon counting hybrid pixel detectors have shown to be a valid alternative to other types of X-ray imaging devices due to their high sensitivity, low noise, linear behavior and wide dynamic range. One important advantage of these devices is the fact that detector and readout electronics are manufactured separately. This allows the use of industrial state-of-the-art CMOS processes to make the readout electronics, combined with a free choice of detector material (high resistivity Silicon, GaAs or other). By measuring not only the number of X-ray photons but also their energies (or wavelengths), the information content of the image increases, given the same X-ray dose. We have studied several possibilities of adding energy sensitivity to the single photon counting capability of hybrid pixel detectors, by means of pixel-level analog-to-digital converters. We show the results of simulating different kinds of analog-to-digital converters in terms of power, area and speed.

A new front-end has been implemented on a pixel detector readout chip developed in a commercial 0.25?m CMOS technology for the ALICE and LHCb experiments. This technology proves to be radiation tolerant when special layout techniques are used, and provides sufficient density for these applications. A non-standard topology was used for the front-end, to achieve low noise and fast return to zero of the preamplifier to be immune to pile-up of subsequent input signals. The chip is a matrix of 32 columns each containing 256 readout cells. Each readout cell comprises this frontend and digital readout circuitry, and has a static power consumption of about 60 ?W. The complete readout cell will be described, but the paper will be mainly focussed on the front-end section.

In this paper, an exporting firm's level, or stage, of internationalization is shown to antecede its ability to engage in the highly-relational partnering necessary to develop and implement successful market entry strategies. The authors integrate the two leading theories of internationalization -- the Uppsala school and the Innovation-Related school in demonstrating that the firm's internationalization stage is dependent on the diffusion of export knowledge and commitment within the firm. This intrafirm diffusion is shown to be accomplished through the diffusion of export knowledge and commitment among the firm's network of relevant functional managers.