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1. Clinical Characteristics, Etiology, and Initial Management Strategy of Newly Diagnosed Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Multicenter, Prospective Observational Cohort Study of 783 Patients

Author

Roy Chean, Kellie Schneider, Chris Lemoh, Kerry Read, Sarah Metcalf, Adrienne Torda, Eugene Athan, David G. Campbell, James O. Robinson, Thi Aung, Paul Huggan, Renju Nelson, Tony Allworth, Steven Graves, Vana Nagendra, Darcie Cooper, Marjorie Sehu, Kate Grimwade, Craig A Aboltins, David L. Paterson, Babak Rad, Alistair B. Reid, Mark Loewenthal, Laurens Manning, Stephen McBride, Archana Sud, Piers Yates, Peter Leung, Nora Mutalima, Benjamin M. Clark, Joshua S. Davis, Chris Luey, and Lucian B. Solomon

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Joint replacement, medicine.medical_treatment, 030106 microbiology, Periprosthetic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Major Article, medicine, periprosthetic jo int infection, Prospective cohort study, 030222 orthopedics, business.industry, artificial joint infection, Arthroplasty, Editor's Choice, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, arthroplasty infection, Etiology, Observational study, Ankle, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of joint replacement surgery. Most observational studies of PJI are retrospective or single-center, and reported management approaches and outcomes vary widely. We hypothesized that there would be substantial heterogeneity in PJI management and that most PJIs would present as late acute infections occurring as a consequence of bloodstream infections. Methods The Prosthetic joint Infection in Australia and New Zealand, Observational (PIANO) study is a prospective study at 27 hospitals. From July 2014 through December 2017, we enrolled all adults with a newly diagnosed PJI of a large joint. We collected data on demographics, microbiology, and surgical and antibiotic management over the first 3 months postpresentation. Results We enrolled 783 patients (427 knee, 323 hip, 25 shoulder, 6 elbow, and 2 ankle). The mode of presentation was late acute (>30 days postimplantation and 30 days postimplantation with ≥30 days of symptoms; 148, 19%). Debridement, antibiotics, irrigation, and implant retention constituted the commonest initial management approach (565, 72%), but debridement was moderate or less in 142 (25%) and the polyethylene liner was not exchanged in 104 (23%). Conclusions In contrast to most studies, late acute infection was the most common mode of presentation, likely reflecting hematogenous seeding. Management was heterogeneous, reflecting the poor evidence base and the need for randomized controlled trials., We enrolled 783 patients in a prospective, observational binational study of peri-prosthetic joint infection. Late, acute infections were the commonest mode of presentation. Microbiological causes differed according to affected joint and the timing of the infection. Management approaches were heterogeneous.

Published
2020
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2. Clinical features and outcome of patients with cutaneous melioidosis during a nosocomial outbreak in a temperate region of Australia

Author

Adam J. Merritt, Timothy J. J. Inglis, Benjamin M. Clark, and Laurens Manning

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Melioidosis, Continuous infusion, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Meropenem, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Saline, Nosocomial outbreak, biology, business.industry, Burkholderia pseudomallei, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Superficial wounds, bacteria, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Six cases of cutaneous melioidosis from southwestern Australia, a non-endemic region occurred as a result of Burkholderia pseudomallei contamination of normal saline that was used for irrigating superficial wounds. Treatment with parenteral meropenem, given by continuous infusion for 2 weeks, followed by oral antibiotics was successful in all cases.

Published
2018
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3. The role of an agribusiness index in a modern portfolio

Author

Hector O. Zapata, Benjamin M. Clark, Jeremy D'Antoni, and Joshua D. Detre

Subjects
Financial economics, Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), Diversification (finance), Economics, Asset allocation, Capitalization-weighted index, Portfolio, Passive management, Volatility (finance), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Stock market index, Agribusiness
Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to develop a composite agribusiness stock index and then compare the returns and volatility to other broad‐based market indices. The paper then evaluates the diversification potential of agribusiness stocks in the context of an investment portfolio.Design/methodology/approachThis agribusiness index (AGB Index) is market‐capitalization weighted. Only firms traded on the NYSE, AMEX, or NASDAQ and meeting ERS SIC classification for industries related to agriculture are included in the index. The paper then uses standard financial metrics to measure the historical risk, return, and correlation.FindingsUntil recent years, the AGB Index has historically exhibited lower returns than the market indices. The AGB Index has also exhibited lower risk and correlation with treasury securities than broad market indices.Practical implicationsIn recent years, portfolio managers and large investors have invested considerably in asset classes like farmland for stable returns, an inflation hedge, and diversification tool. This agribusiness index may further this trend and lead to the development of an alternative Exchange Traded Fund (ETF). This product would make investment in agriculture possible for virtually all investors.Originality/valueDespite increasing popularity, very little research exists on the performance of agricultural stocks in an investment portfolio. This study develops a large‐cap agribusiness stock price index to help fill this void in the literature.

Published
2012
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4. A Case of Legionella longbeachae Pneumonia Complicated by Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure Requiring Hemodialysis

Author

Hemant Kulkarni, Benjamin M. Clark, and Peter Boan

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Legionella longbeachae, biology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Pneumonia, Infectious Diseases, medicine, Hemodialysis, Intensive care medicine, business, Rhabdomyolysis
Published
2010
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5. Compartmentalization of the immune response in varicella zoster virus immune restoration disease causing transverse myelitis

Author

Benjamin M Clark, Martyn A. French, Romano Krueger, and Patricia Price

Subjects
biology, business.industry, Immunology, Varicella zoster virus, Disease, Compartmentalization (psychology), medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Transverse myelitis, Herpesviridae, Virus, Infectious Diseases, Immune system, Alphaherpesvirinae, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, business
Published
2004
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6. Buruli ulcer disease in travelers and differentiation of Mycobacterium ulcerans strains from northern Australia

Author

Maria Globan, Paul D R Johnson, Niladri Ghosh, P. G. P. Charles, Janet A. M. Fyfe, Caroline J. Lavender, Benjamin M. Clark, Marianne Martinello, and Grant A. Jenkin

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Buruli ulcer, Adult, Male, Genotype, Epidemiology, Molecular typing, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Typing, Buruli Ulcer, Phylogeny, Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Travel, Polymorphism, Genetic, Molecular epidemiology, biology, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Australia, Buruli Ulcer Disease, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Molecular Typing, Northern australia, Female, human activities
Abstract

Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing infection of skin and soft tissue caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans . In Australia, most cases of BU are linked to temperate, coastal Victoria and tropical, northern Queensland, and strains from these regions are distinguishable by variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) typing. We present an epidemiological investigation of five patients found to have been infected during interstate travel and describe two nucleotide polymorphisms that differentiate M. ulcerans strains from northern Australia.

Published
2012

7. An innovative mosquito trap for testing attractants

Author

Linda D Canning, William H. Dees, Terry L. Sylvester, George Schultz, Daniel L. Kline, and Benjamin M Clark

Subjects
Mosquito Control, fungi, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, Biology, Contamination, Disease control, Pheromones, Trap (computing), Toxicology, Mosquito control, Culicidae, Equipment and Supplies, Insect Science, Animals, Female, Insect attractants, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

We describe a simple trap modification for testing volatile attractants to collect flying mosquitoes. The trap uses a standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention trap modified for release of test chemicals. Test chemicals and other materials can be added and removed easily without spills or cross contamination. In preliminary studies using lactic acid and octenol, modified traps collected 40% more mosquitoes than controls (n = 164 and n = 117, respectively). Modifications cost less than $2.00 per trap.

Published
2012

8. Contributors

Author

George J. Alangaden, Michael J. Aldape, Jérôme Allardet-Servent, Upton D. Allen, Heidi S.M. Ammerlaan, Emmanouil Angelakis, Andrew Artenstein, David Asboe, Kingsley B. Asiedu, John C. Atherton, Tar-Ching Aw, Seema Baid-Agrawal, Robin Bailey, Christopher Bandel, Philip S. Barie, David J. Barillo, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Roger Bayston, C. Ben Beard, Nick J. Beeching, Rodolfo E. Bégué, Yves Benhamou, Constance A. Benson, Elie F. Berbari, Anthony R. Berendt, Madhav P. Bhatta, Jacques Bille, Ari Bitnun, Finn T. Black, Iain Blair, Stéphane Blanche, Thomas P. Bleck, Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers, Gijs Bleijenberg, Karen C. Bloch, Marc J.M. Bonten, Charles A.B. Boucher, Rafik Bourayou, Emilio S. Bouza, William R. Bowie, Barry D. Brause, Sylvain Brisse, Warwick Britton, Itzhak Brook, David W.G. Brown, Christian Brun-Buisson, James C.M. Brust, Amy E. Bryant, André Bryskier, R. Mark L Buller, Karen Bush, Thierry Calandra, D. William Cameron, Michel Caraël, Michael J. Carr, Inmaculada Casas, Stephen T. Chambers, Katarina G. Chiller, Tom M. Chiller, Peter L. Chiodini, Ian Chopra, Anthony C. Chu, Kevin K. Chung, Benjamin M. Clark, Nathan Clumeck, Clay J. Cockerell, Jonathan Cohen, John Collinge, Christopher P. Conlon, G. Ralph Corey, Alan Cross, John H. Cross, Judith Currier, Carmel M. Curtis, Gina Dallabetta, Robert N. Davidson, Jane Davies, Jeremy Day, Nicholas P.J. Day, Cillian F. De Gascun, Stéphane de Wit, Jean Delmont, David T. Dennis, David J. Diemert, Mehmet Doganay, Tom Doherty, Christiane Dolecek, Stéphane Y. Donati, Arjen M. Dondorp, Barbara Doudier, Michel Drancourt, Dimitri M. Drekonja, Richard H. Drew, Jay S. Duker, J. Stephen Dummer, Charles N. Edwards, Miquel B. Ekkelenkamp, Mark C. Enright, Paul R. Epstein, Veronique Erard, Alice Chijioke Eziefula, Mark B. Feinberg, Florence Fenollar, Alan Fenwick, Luis Fernandez, Joshua Fierer, Roger G. Finch, Charles W. Flexner, Ad C. Fluit, Elizabeth Lee Ford-Jones, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Victoria Fraser, Martyn A. French, Jon S. Friedland, Joseph M. Fritz, E. Yoko Furuya, Kenneth L. Gage, Lynne S. Garcia, Arturo S. Gastañaduy, Khalil G. Ghanem, Maddalena Giannella, Carol A. Glaser, Marshall J. Glesby, Sarah Glover, Youri Glupczynski, John W. Gnann, Andrew F. Goddard, Ellie J.C. Goldstein, Iveth J. González, Sherwood L. Gorbach, Bruno Gottstein, Ravi Gowda, John D. Grabenstein, John M. Grange, Michael D. Green, Stephen T. Green, Danielle T. Greenblatt, Brian Greenwood, Aric L. Gregson, Andreas H. Groll, Aditya K. Gupta, Kok-Ann Gwee, William Hall, Scott M. Hammer, Sajeev Handa, Diane Hanfelt-Goade, Alexandre Harari, Marianne Harris, Barry J. Hartman, Roderick J. Hay, David K. Henderson, Lisa E. Hensley, Luke Herbert, David R. Hill, Timothy J. Hills, John David Hinze, Hans H. Hirsch, Bernard Hirschel, Andy I.M. Hoepelman, Steven M. Holland, Mary M. Horgan, Robin Howe, James M. Hughes, Mark W. Hull, Clark B. Inderlied, Michael G. Ison, Peter J. Jenks, James R. Johnson, Theodore Jones, Mettassebia Kanno, Carol Kauffman, Patrick Kelly, Jason S. Kendler, Yoav Keynan, Ali S. Khan, Grace T. Kho, George R. Kinghorn, Paul E. Klapper, Jan AJW Kluytmans, Menno Kok, Isabelle Koné-Paut, John N. Krieger, Aloys C.M. Kroes, Frank P. Kroon, Christine J. Kubin, Alberto M. La Rosa, Tahaniyat Lalani, David G. Lalloo, Harold Lambert, Luce Landraud, Stephen D. Lawn, Phillipe Lehours Pharm, Marc Leone, Itzchak Levi, Alexandra M. Levitt, H. D. Alan Lindquist, Graham Lloyd, David J. Looney, Franklin D. Lowy, Benjamin J. Luft, William A. Lynn, Mark J. Macielag, Philip A. Mackowiak, Paul A. MacPherson, Valérie Maghraoui-Slim, Janice Main, Vincent Mallet, Julie E. Mangino, Oriol Manuel, Oscar Marchetti, Kristen Marks, Kieren A. Marr, Claude Martin, Pablo Martín-Rabadán, Augusto Julio Martinez, Ellen M. Mascini, Kenneth H. Mayer, Joseph B. McCormick, Rose McGready, Michael W. McKendrick, Simon Mead, Francis Mégraud, André Z. Meheus, Graeme Meintjes, Marian G. Michaels, Michael Miles, Alastair Miller, Matthew J. Mimiaga, Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq, Thomas G. Mitchell, Pamela A. Moise, Julio Montaner, Caroline B. Moore, Philippe Moreillon, Peter Morgan-Capner, Valentina Montessori, Peter Moss, Patricia Muñoz, Kurt G. Naber, Sammy Nakhla, Jai P. Narain, Dilip Nathwani, Paul Newton, Chinh Nguyen, Lindsay E. Nicolle, Michael S. Niederman, Gary J. Noel, S. Ragnar Norrby, François Nosten, Luigi Daniele Notarangelo, Paul Nyirjesy, P. Ronan O'Connell, Jon S. Odorico, Edmund L.C. Ong, Steven M. Opal, L. Peter Ormerod, Douglas R. Osmon, Eric A. Ottesen, Gustavo Palacios, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Laurent Papazian, Philippe Parola, Manuel A. Pascual, Eleni Patrozou, Carlos Paya, Sharon J. Peacock, Jean-Claude Pechère, Mark D. Perkins, Barry Peters, Gaby E. Pfyffer, Paul A. Pham, Peter Piot, Geraldine Placko-Parola, Stainslas Pol, Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, William G. Powderly, Anton Pozniak, Guy Prod'hom, Thomas C. Quinn, Daniel W. Rahn, Aadia I. Rana, Didier Raoult, Raul Raz, Raymund Razonable, Robert C. Read, Stephen J. Reynolds, Malcolm D. Richardson, Christopher C. Robinson, Suzan H.M. Rooijakkers, Daniel Rosenbluth, Sergio D. Rosenzweig, Clarisse Rovery, Robert H. Rubin, Bina Rubinovitch, Kathleen H. Rubins, Ethan Rubinstein, Greg Ryan, Stephen Ryder, Steven Safren, Vikrant V. Sahasrabuddhe, Pekka A.I. Saikku, George Sakoulas, Juan Carlos Salazar, Michelle R. Salvaggio, Kirsten Schaffer, Franz-Josef Schmitz, Robert T. Schooley, Richard-Fabian Schumacher, Euan M. Scrimgeour, James Seddon, Harald Seifert, Graham R. Serjeant, Beverly E. Sha, Keerti V. Shah, Daniel S. Shapiro, Gerard Sheehan, Shmuel Shoham, Cameron P. Simmons, Kari A. Simonsen, Neeraj Singh, Mary P.E. Slack, Jack D. Sobel, Madhuri M. Sopirala, Lisa A. Spacek, Shiranee Sriskandan, Samuel L. Stanley, James M. Steckelberg, Iain Stephenson, Dennis L. Stevens, Walter L. Straus, Willem Sturm, Richard C. Summerbell, Joseph S. Susa, Sarah J. Tabrizi, Marc A. Tack, Randy Taplitz, Pablo Tebas, Marleen Temmerman, Steven F.T. Thijsen, Lora D. Thomas, Gail Thomson, Guy E. Thwaites, Umberto Tirelli, Nina E. Tolkoff-Rubin, Tone Tønjum, Francesca J. Torriani, Gregory C. Townsend, Gloria Trallero Masó, Paul M. Tulkens, Allan R. Tunkel, Emanuela Vaccher, Anaïs Vallet-Pichard, Françoise Van Bambeke, Diederik van de Beek, Jos W.M. van der Meer, Anton M. van Loon, Jos van Putten, Bernard P. Vaudaux, Sten H. Vermund, Hans Verstraelen, Paul Verweij, Raphael P. Viscidi, Kumar Visvanathan, Govinda S. Visvesvara, Lorenz von Seidlein, Florian M.E. Wagenlehner, Victoria Wahl-Jensen, Thomas J. Walsh, David C. Warhurst, David W. Warnock, David A. Warrell, Mary J. Warrell, Adilia Warris, Rainer Weber, Wolfgang Weidner, Vivienne C. Weston, Estella Whimbey, Michael Whitby, Peter J. White, Christopher J.M. Whitty, Rob J.L. Willems, Emrys Williams, Cara Wilson, Mary E. Wilson, Richard E. Winn, Kevin L. Winthrop, Martin J. Wiselka, Hilmar Wisplinghoff, Cameron R. Wolfe, Robin Wood, Natalie Wright, James R. Yankaskas, Najam A. Zaidi, Jonathan M. Zenilman, Yaobi Zhang, Arie J. Zuckerman, Jane Nicola Zuckerman, and Alimuddin Zumla

Published
2010
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10. THE CLOSE BINARY FRACTION OF DWARF M STARS

Author

Benjamin M. Clark, Gillian R. Knapp, and Cullen H. Blake

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Binary number, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Radial velocity, Stars, Amplitude, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Control sample, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

We describe a search for close spectroscopic dwarf M star binaries using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to address the question of the rate of occurrence of multiplicity in M dwarfs. We use a template fitting technique to measure radial velocities from 145,888 individual spectra obtained for a magnitude-limited sample of 39,543 M dwarfs. Typically, the three or four spectra observed for each star are separated in time by less than four hours, but for ~17% of the stars, the individual observations span more than two days. In these cases we are sensitive to large amplitude radial velocity variations on time scales comparable to the separation between the observations. We use a control sample of objects having observations taken within a four hour period to make an empirical estimate of the underlying radial velocity error distribution and simulate our detection efficiency for a wide range of binary star systems. We find the frequency of binaries among the dwarf M stars with a, 23 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2011
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