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A Harmful Algal Blooms Regional Monitoring Program has been carried out in Chubut coastal waters (Patagonia, Argentina) since the year 2000. This program surveys an extended shoreline, with bays and gulfs with shellfish natural banks and farms. Paralytic shellfish poison (PSP)-toxin-producing species, A. tamarense, have been observed during the study period; in addition, species producing diarrheic shellfish poison (DSP)-toxins, such as Dinophysis acuminata and D. tripos and Prorocentrum lima, and amnesic shellfish poison (ASP)-toxins, as several species of genus Pseudo-nitzschia, have been identified. Moreover, the production of the three types of toxins has been proven. Other harmful but nontoxic species have been registered in the area. The aim of this review is to show the temporal and spatial distribution of harmful microalgae species, the environmental factors associated with their occurrence, and their relation to toxic outbreaks during more than 15 years of observations, with special attention focused on the episodes of human intoxications. In addition, we discussed the accumulation and transfer of some phycotoxins through pelagic food webs, from the first trophic levels to large marine mammals, such as whales. Fil: Sastre, Alicia Viviana. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Trelew. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Hidrobiología; Argentina Fil: Santinelli, Norma Herminia. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Trelew. Departamento de Biología. Laboratorio de Hidrobiología; Argentina Fil: Solis, Miriam Edith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Perez, Laura Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Díaz Ovejero, Soledad. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Gracia Villalobos, Leilen Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Cadaillón, Andreana Mackenna. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: D'agostino, Valeria Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina

Medusozoans are critical components of coastal and marine ecosystems. They are ubiquitous, living from the surface to the bottom layers of the world’s oceans and tolerating a wide range of environmental conditions. They modulate food webs not only by consuming large quantities of ichthyoplankton and other zooplankton and acting as predators and competitors of varied pelagic organisms including fish but also by being consumed by other predators. Population outbreaks of these gelatinous animals commonly occur over a variety of spatiotemporal scales. These population explosion events have implications for the ecosystem and, usually, for human enterprise. Despite their ecological and socioeconomical importance, there is as yet no attempt to compile existing information on the medusozoan species of the Southwestern Atlantic (SWA). We provide here an overview of the information available regarding several aspects of Medusozoa in the SWA: the characteristics of their life cycles, life histories and “blooms,” and the ecological implications for SWA ecosystems. Guidelines for future research and perspectives on the field are also provided. Fil: Schiariti, Agustin. Instituto Nacional de Invest.y Desarr.pesquero. Proyecto Especies Costeras. Laboratorio de Zooplancton; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Dutto, María Sofía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina Fil: Carrara Morandini, André. Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias; Brasil Fil: Nagata, Renato M.. Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio; Brasil Fil: Pereyra, Daiana Yanel. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina Fil: Puente Tapia, Francisco Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Cs.marinas. Estación "j.j.nagera" Grupo Medusas; Argentina Fil: Diaz Briz, Luciana Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Cs.marinas. Estación "j.j.nagera" Grupo Medusas; Argentina Fil: Genzano, Gabriel Nestor. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Cs.marinas. Estación "j.j.nagera" Grupo Medusas; Argentina

Land-derived dissolved and particulate matter (allochthonous matter) affect pelagic ecosystems by changing factors which include light penetration, nutrient availability, substrate concentration, and in general, biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. In a context of growing anthropogenic impact, this material may not only increase its load but also carry toxic substances. Riverine runoff is the most studied mechanism of particulate matter input from the continent to the sea in the southern region of South America where the continental shelf is widest (e.g., Atlantic Patagonia). However, there are other sources of particulate matter which are not affected by rivers in this semiarid region: aeolian material. Winds in this region (notably the Southern Hemisphere westerlies) are the only way continental aeolian material (atmospheric aerosols or “dust”) can reach not only the shelf but even further onto oceanic HNLC (high nutrient–low chlorophyll) regions of the Atlantic Southern Ocean. This potential impact of Patagonian dust beyond the continental shelf attracts the attention of the global climate community, and at the same time, it opens questions about the potential effects of dust in coastal waters. According to previous work and ongoing studies, deposited particles can have significant impacts in the chemical and biological components in the euphotic zone. However the effects of this airborne material in plankton communities of South America are largely unknown, mostly due to the lack of in situ studies and observations. Since the events of dust mobilization, transport, and deposition are expected to increase (due to climate change) and interact with other global change factors such as warming and more intensive land use, the influence of dust input may become more prominent for coastal and oceanic regions of southern South America in the next decades. Fil: Crespi Abril, Augusto Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Barbieri, Elena Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Gracia Villalobos, Leilen Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Soria, Rodrigo Gaspar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco"; Argentina Fil: Paparazzo, Flavio Emiliano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Paczkowska, Joanna Marianna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina Fil: Gonçalves, Rodrigo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina

Inclui Apęndices Orientador : Frederico Pereira Brandini Co-orientador : José Milton Andriguetto Filho Dissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Ecologia e Conservaçao. Defesa: Curitiba, 21/02/2006 Inclui bibliografia