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Indices based on data from remote sensors play an important role in the characterization, mapping and monitoring of a drought event. Thus, the objective of this study was to monitor the dynamics of agricultural drought, through the response of vegetation, in the semi-arid region that comprises the state of Paraíba, Brazil, through MODIS satellite products applied to the VCI (vegetation condition index), TCI (temperature condition index) and VHI (vegetation health index) indices, and to evaluate the correspondence of VHI index with standardized precipitation index (SPI) and agricultural standardized precipitation index (aSPI). In this study, values of NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) and LST (land surface temperature) - covering the period between 2010 and 2020 - were used to estimate VCI, TCI and VHI. In addition, the correspondence of VHI with SPI and aSPI was evaluated at the 12-month time scale, conducted using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Characteristics of a stressed vegetation predominated in the study region, due to irregularity of precipitation and high temperatures, confirming the possibility of detection of droughts through VHI, VCI and TCI, and that the indices detected remotely and through local data are strongly correlated in drought detection. RESUMO Os índices baseados em dados de sensores remotos desempenham um papel importante na caracterização, mapeamento e monitoramento de uma seca. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar a dinâmica da seca agrícola, por meio da resposta da vegetação, na região semiárida que compreende o estado da Paraíba, Brasil, por meio de produtos de satélite MODIS aplicados ao VCI (índice de condição da vegetação), TCI (índice de condição térmica) e VHI (índice de saúde da vegetação). E também, avaliar a correspondência do índice VHI com o índice de precipitação padronizada (SPI) e o índice de precipitação padronizada agrícola (aSPI). Neste trabalho, as climatologias de NDVI (índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada) e LST (temperatura da superfície terrestre) - abrangendo o período entre 2010 e 2020 - foram usadas para estimar VCI, TCI e VHI. Além disso, foi avaliado a correspondência do VHI e o índice padronizado de precipitação (SPI) e índice agrícola de precipitação (aSPI), na escala de tempo de 12 meses, conduzidas usando a análise de correlação de Pearson. Na região de estudo predominaram características de uma vegetação estressada, devido à irregularidade de precipitação e altas temperaturas. Confirmando a possibilidade da detecção das secas através do VHI, VCI e TCI. E que os índices detectados remotamente e através de dados locais estão fortemente correlacionados na detecção de seca.

The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of the canalis sinuosus (CS) and accessory canals of the canalis sinuosus (ACCS) as identified on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Online searches were conducted in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, LILACS, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SIGLE (via OpenGrey) databases. Primary studies that determined the prevalence of canalis sinuosus and/or its anatomical variations using CBCT were included. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the AQUA tool. The quality effects model using double arcsine transformation was used for the meta-analysis of prevalence. Heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses were performed. Of 3237 initial results, 17 papers were included for systematic review. The meta-analysis comprising 1994 patients showed a pooled prevalence of CS of 0.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51-0.99; P = 0.001; I

Bone strength is partially determined during cortical bone consolidation, a process comprising coalescence of peripheral trabecular bone and its progressive mineralisation. Mice with genetic deletion of suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (Socs3), an inhibitor of STAT3 signalling, exhibit delayed cortical bone consolidation, indicated by high cortical porosity, low mineral content, and low bone strength. Since leptin receptor (LepR) is expressed in the osteoblast lineage and is suppressed by SOCS3, we evaluated whether LepR deletion in osteocytes would rectify the Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl bone defect. First, we tested LepR deletion in osteocytes by generating Dmp1cre.LepRfl/fl mice and detected no significant bone phenotype. We then generated Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl.LepRfl/fl mice and compared them to Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl controls. Between 6 and 12 weeks of age, both Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl.LepRfl/fl and control (Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl) mice showed an increasing proportion of more heavily mineralised bone, indicating some cortical consolidation with time. However, at 12 weeks of age, rather than resolving the phenotype, delayed consolidation was extended in female Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl.LepRfl/fl mice. This was indicated in both metaphysis and diaphysis by greater proportions of low-density bone, lower proportions of high-density bone, and greater cortical porosity than Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl controls. There was also no change in the proportion of osteocytes staining positive for phospho-STAT3, suggesting the effect of LepR deletion in Dmp1cre.Socs3fl/fl mice is STAT3-independent. This identifies a new role for leptin signalling in bone which opposes our original hypothesis. Although LepR in osteocytes has no irreplaceable physiological role in normal bone maturation, when STAT3 is hyperactive, LepR in Dmp1Cre-expressing cells supports cortical consolidation.

Pharmacological and surgical interventions do not improve postural control and gait effectively in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). An innovative and promising therapeutic intervention is perturbation-based balance training (PBT).To perform a systematic review to summarise the current evidence for PBT on postural control and gait in people with PD. Intervention studies including PBT, in isolation or associated with other physical interventions, were included.PubMed, SciELO, PEDro and Cochrane databases were searched between June 2000 and March 2020.This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020203961). The quality of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Two of the authors reviewed the search results and selected studies using predefined selection criteria. No restrictions based on severity of PD, time since diagnosis or age were used.Eleven studies were selected for final evaluation. Most outcomes were downgraded in quality of evidence, mainly because of publication bias and limitations. The most consistent results indicate that PBT can improve postural control and gait in people with PD, including a reduction in the number of falls and a decrease in the severity of PD.PBT may be a promising option for the treatment of people with PD, and an adjunct to conventional physiotherapeutic treatment. However, deficiencies in the methodological quality and quality of evidence of studies included in this review have limited the reliability of the conclusions.PROSPERO CRD42020203961.

Sub-Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus tropicalis, are widely distributed in the southern hemisphere, breeding on islands north of the Antarctic Convergence in the South Atlantic, South Indian, and Southwestern Pacific Oceans. At their breeding grounds, sub-Antarctic fur seals feed on a variety of fish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and occasionally, on penguins. According to the literature, the species feeds mainly on squid and fish, in the southern Brazilian coast, during the non-breeding period and far away from its breeding colonies. Here, we present records of predation on penguins by sub-Antarctic fur seals off southern Brazilian coast (29°20′S, 49°43′W to 33°44‵S, 53°22′W). We examined the gastrointestinal contents of 61 sub-Antarctic fur seals collected from 1987 to 2019. Remaining of penguins were found in the gastrointestinal tracts of three adult males (4.9%). We identified feathers, and other bird parts by comparing them specimens from scientific collections and illustrations in the literature. Seabirds found in the gastrointestinal tracts of the three sub-Antarctic fur seals were most probably Magellanic Penguins, Spheniscus magellanicus. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting predation on penguins by sub-Antarctic fur seals far from their breeding colonies. Although penguins are not among the main prey of sub-Antarctic fur seals, our results suggest that they occasionally feed on penguins during the non-breeding period along the southern coast of Brazil.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:45:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-03-01 Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación Trophic niche width and individual specialization among marine predators are often subjected to seasonal constraints. Differences are expected to arise for sexually dimorphic species exposed to distinct ecological opportunities, as well as intrinsic differences in physiological abilities or energetic requirements. We assess seasonal and sexual differences in isotopic niche overlap and width and analyze inter-individual foraging variation throughout the year of the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis). We obtained chronologically ordered δ13C and δ15N data from vibrissae of 25 males and 24 females from southern Brazil and Uruguay. There were significant differences between sexes for both isotopes with males showing higher values (δ13C = − 14.5 ± 0.5‰; δ15N = 18.9 ± 1.2‰) than females (δ13C = − 15.2 ± 0.5‰; δ15N = 17.8 ± 1.2‰), but not among seasons or years. A very small isotopic niche overlap found between sexes (1.1–9.5%), with limited seasonal variation, likely resulted from differences in prey consumption and foraging habitats. Compared to other seasons, females had a wider isotopic niche in spring. While males showed seasonal stability in the foraging niche, females showed some small variation, which is probably influenced by central place foraging. Both sexes had considerable interindividual variation in estimated dietary composition and had different proportions of potential prey contribution at the population level. These findings enlighten the knowledge of South American fur seal trophic ecology, and how they may seasonally and spatially shift their foraging strategies according to their distinct life histories. It ultimately reflects in a small niche partitioning and possibly low intraspecific competition at the species northernmost area of occurrence in the western South Atlantic. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG) Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA) Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG) Departamento de Ecología y Evolución Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la República Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade de Ambientes Costeiros Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Laboratório de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Centro Universitario Regional del Este Universidad de la República Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade de Ambientes Costeiros Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Laboratório de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

A computação na nuvem emerge como uma plataforma alternativa para a execução de aplicações de alto desempenho. Simultaneamente, a atualização de nodos computacionais nestes sistemas pode levar a uma heterogeneidade de recursos. Neste sentido, o desafio de executar aplicações paralelas na nuvem não está apenas relacionado a definição do melhor número de threads para a aplicação, mas também, a escolha ideal da arquitetura que irá executar tal aplicação. No entanto, as características de grau de paralelismo e capacidade computacional têm sido pouco exploradas para fazer a alocação de aplicações numa nuvem heterogênea. Portanto, neste artigo, mostramos que ao considerar o grau de paralelismo de uma aplicação e as características do nodo computacional, ganhos significativos de desempenho e consumo de energia podem ser obtidos quando comparado a maneira padrão com que aplicações são escalonadas num ambiente de nuvem heterogênea.

A classificação de fluxo de dados de imagens apresenta vários desafios. Um dos desafios inerente ao domínio de dados de imagens é a alta dimensionalidade dos dados, que pode ocasionar a chamada maldição da dimensionalidade. Trabalhos aplicados em outros contextos empregam de forma eficiente um aspecto, denominado hubness, inerente de dados de alta dimensão. Este artigo apresenta um novo algoritmo para a classificação de fluxo de dados de imagens, que incorpora o aspecto hubness. Os resultados dos experimentos mostram uma boa relação de custo e benefício do algoritmo em termos de eficácia e da porcentagem de instâncias rotuladas em relação aos algoritmos comumente usados para a classificação de fluxos de dados de imagens.

INTRODUÇÃO: A neurofibromatose é uma doença hereditária, mais frequente em homens, tem etiologia desconhecida. A Neurofibromatose do tipo I (NF1), também conhecida como Doença de Von Recklinghausen, é uma doença que afeta o sistema nervoso central e pode causar alterações oculares. Além disso, eventualmente outros órgãos podem ter uma grande diversidade de manifestações que diferenciam de pessoa para pessoa. A literatura ainda não tem tratamento específico para as mudanças genéticas, sendo assim, o método mais adequado seria um acompanhamento médico regular. OBJETIVO: Revisar os aspectos de diagnóstico e tratamento da doença Neurofibromatose tipo I. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura com busca nas bases de dados plataformas CAPES e SciELO. Utilizou-se o descritor "Neurofibromatose 1”. Houve restrição temporal de 2012 a 2022. Foram encontrados 36 artigos e para seleção, houve critério de inclusão artigos em português, inglês e espanhol e de exclusão as cartas ao editor, textos duplicados, e estudos estatísticos com um total de 18 selecionados. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A NF1 é uma doença genética, autossômica dominante, isso é justificado pelo envolvimento do gene da NF1, localizado no braço longo do cromossomo 17. Esse gene tem a função de liberar neurofibromina, que tem um dever de inibir o crescimento celular anormal. Sendo assim, com essa mutação pode ocorrer alterações do sistema nervoso, consequentemente, gerando alguns sinais patognomônicos de NF1 aos quais são: Neurofibromas: pequenos tumores que surgem abaixo da pele; Manchas café com leite: são manchas da pele, geralmente grandes e podem estar presentes nas regiões dobradiças do corpo; Nódulos de Lisch: são pequenos tumores de alterações oculares que aparecem como pigmentos na íris. Outrossim, atualmente, essa doença não tem cura, no entanto é importante o acompanhamento com aconselhamento genético adequado e medidas paliativas das complicações que podem surgir ao longo dos anos, assim com objetivo de melhorar a perspectiva de vida dos pacientes afetados, os tratamentos realizados são: remoção cirúrgica, técnicas de laser e dermoabrasão no tratamento das manchas café com leite e alguns tipos de neurofibromas. Há também a seleção de embriões sem genes de mutação, por meio da fertilização in vitro, uma alternativa para os pacientes que desejam ser pais e mães, sem o medo de transmitirem a doença para seus descendentes. Há ainda, o suporte adequado para aqueles pacientes que demonstram dificuldades de aprendizagem, motivos esses que precisam ser identificados para que uma orientação médica seja encaminhada, principalmente, para os pais. CONCLUSÃO: A NF1 é uma doença autossômica dominante, na qual ocorrem múltiplas alterações clínicas no corpo humano. Apesar de não ter uma cura, existem tratamentos com auxílio médico, com o fito de conter possíveis complicações neurológicas, para melhorar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T20:10:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-08-28 Laboratorio de Ecologia e Conservacao da Megafauna Marinha-ECOMEGA (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG) Nucleo de Educacao e Monitoramento Ambiental-NEMA ESEC do Taim (Instituto Chico Mendes-ICMBio) Grupo de Estudos de Mamiferos Aquaticos do Rio Grande do Sul-GEMARS Laboratorio de Mamiferos Aquaticos-LAMAQ (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina-UFSC) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The Neotropical otter,Lontra longicaudis, is a semiaquatic mustelid that preys upon fish, amphibians, and crustaceans, in variable proportions according to habitat and/or season. Due to the difficulty of observing this species in the wild, information on its ecology is typically obtained through vestiges, such as feces, which usually do not provide data at the individual level. Thus, this study aimed to assess temporal and individual variation in the diet of the Neotropical otter through chronologically ordered carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) stable isotopes data, as a proxy for dietary variation. For this purpose, isotopic values of 127 fragments of vibrissae collected from 21 individuals found dead along three coastal regions of southern Brazil were analyzed. Values ranged between - 24.0 and - 12.9 parts per thousand for delta C-13 and from 10.6 to 18.4 parts per thousand for delta N-15. Vibrissae isotopic longitudinal data were variable, indicating individual changes in the proportion of food items consumed and in foraging sites that spanned from freshwater to marine environments. Most of the populational variation in isotopic composition resulted from differences between individuals. The results of this study revealed temporal and individual variation in resource and habitat use by the Neotropical otter in three coastal ecosystems, and suggest that a high individual foraging specialization may occur in this species. Univ Fed Rio Grande, Inst Oceanog, Lab Ecol & Conservacao Megafauna Marinha ECOMEGA, BR-96203900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Programa Posgrad Biodiversidade Ambientes Costeir, BR-11330900 Sao Vicente, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande, Inst Oceanog, Programa Posgrad Oceanog Biol, BR-96203900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil Grp Estudos Mamiferos Aquat Rio Grande do Sul GEM, BR-95560000 Torres, RS, Brazil Univ Extremo Sul Catarinense, Programa Posgrad Desenvolvimento Socioecon, BR-88806000 Criciuma, SC, Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Ecol & Zool, Lab Mamiferos Aquat LAMAQ, BR-88040970 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Univ Estadual Rio Grande do Sul, Lab Biodiversidade & Conservacao, BR-95520000 Osorio, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Programa Posgrad Biodiversidade Ambientes Costeir, BR-11330900 Sao Vicente, SP, Brazil CNPq: PQ 310597/2018-8

Comprising 501 genera and around 14,000 species, Papilionoideae is not only the largest subfamily of Fabaceae (Leguminosae; legumes), but also one of the most extraordinarily diverse clades among angiosperms. Papilionoids are a major source of food and forage, are ecologically successful in all major biomes, and display dramatic variation in both floral architecture and plastid genome (plastome) structure. Plastid DNA-based phylogenetic analyses have greatly improved our understanding of relationships among the major groups of Papilionoideae, yet the backbone of the subfamily phylogeny remains unresolved. In this study, we sequenced and assembled 39 new plastomes that are covering key genera representing the morphological diversity in the subfamily. From 244 total taxa, we produced eight datasets for maximum likelihood (ML) analyses based on entire plastomes and/or concatenated sequences of 77 protein-coding sequences (CDS) and two datasets for multispecies coalescent (MSC) analyses based on individual gene trees. We additionally produced a combined nucleotide dataset comprising CDS plus matK gene sequences only, in which most papilionoid genera were sampled. A ML tree based on the entire plastome maximally supported all of the deep and most recent divergences of papilionoids (223 out of 236 nodes). The Swartzieae, ADA (Angylocalyceae, Dipterygeae, and Amburaneae), Cladrastis, Andira, and Exostyleae clades formed a grade to the remainder of the Papilionoideae, concordant with nine ML and two MSC trees. Phylogenetic relationships among the remaining five papilionoid lineages (Vataireoid, Dermatophyllum, Genistoid s.l., Dalbergioid s.l., and Baphieae + Non-Protein Amino Acid Accumulating or NPAAA clade) remained uncertain, because of insufficient support and/or conflicting relationships among trees. Our study fully resolved most of the deep nodes of Papilionoideae, however, some relationships require further exploration. More genome-scale data and rigorous analyses are needed to disentangle phylogenetic relationships among the five remaining lineages.

Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a syndrome associated with chromosomal fragility. Current laboratory tests to diagnose this disease are based on the scoring of chromosomal aberrations induced in peripheral blood lymphocytes by clastogenic chemical agents, mainly: diepoxybutane (DEB) or mitomycin C (MMC). This study evaluated an alternative test for the diagnosis of FA, in which ionizing radiation replaces DEB/MMC. Two groups were studied: normal and DEB-sensitive individuals. From each individual, samples of peripheral blood were irradiated using an electron linear accelerator. Following lymphocyte cultures, and slide preparation, metaphases were scored based on the same methodology for biological dosimetry, according to recommendations of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Our results emphasized a pattern of distribution of dicentrics, fragments, as well as abnormal chromosomal arrangements. The methodology of analysis here proposed permitted to distinguish normal from DEB-sensitive subjects.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of different sources of residues in the composition of organomineral fertilizers on common bean yield. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Uberlândia. A randomized complete block design was used in the 2 x 4 + 2 factorial scheme corresponding to two organic sources (biosolids and filter cake) and four doses of pelletized organomineral fertilizer (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation for common bean, plus two additional treatments without fertilization and fertilization with mineral fertilizer). The plant height and stem diameter were evaluated at 30 days after sowing (DAS), and an average number of pods plant-1 and grains pod-1, yield (g plant-1), dry mass (g), and mass of 1000 grains (g) at 84 DAS. The organomineral fertilizer based on biosolids fertilizer provides the largest growth with the use of 100% of the recommended dose, the largest volume of dry mass up to 75% and the highest yield at 50%. The organomineral fertilizer based on filter cake increased dry mass volume. The organomineral fertilizers evaluated have the potential to substitute exclusively mineral fertilization in the common bean crop.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on brown adipose tissue function and hypothalamic gliosis in humans. Brown adipose tissue and the hypothalamus are regarded as important potential pharmacological targets to metabolic diseases, and defining the impact of current therapies on their structure and/or function could provide therapeutic advance in this field. Six patients with type 2 diabetes were treated for 24 weeks with pioglitazone 30 mg/day as an add-on therapy. Brown adipose tissue glucose uptake and volume were determined using 18F-FDG PET/CT scans; hypothalamic gliosis was determined using MRI scans; blood was collected for hormone and biochemistry measurements. All tests were performed at inclusion and six months after pioglitazone introduction. Pioglitazone treatment led to a significant 3% body mass increase. There were neither changes in cold-induced brown adipose tissue glucose uptake and volume nor changes in hypothalamic gliosis. This is a proof-of-concept study that provides clinical evidence for a lack of action of a thiazolidinedione, pioglitazone, to promote homogeneous and measurable changes in brown adipose tissue volume and also in hypothalamic gliosis after 6 months of treatment.

Crabs of the family Pseudothelphusidae are restricted to the Neotropical region and new species are described every year. They are threatened by habitat loss and knowledge of this family is almost limited to taxonomy and faunal surveys. Here, we investigate the presence of heterochely and laterality in Kingsleya castrensis, as a tool to infer ecological and behavioural aspects. Since most Pseudothelphusidae were described from a few individuals only, some aspects of morphological variation, sexual dimorphism, heterochely and laterality are confirmed herein for the first time for a species of Kingsleya. The sizes of dactylus and propodus of males, as well as the allometric growth of both sides of the chelipeds, were significantly larger and higher, respectively, when compared to females. The right side was significantly longer than the left and both sexes displayed right-handedness. These results are similar to those from other freshwater crab families, and provide a clue to a possible aggressive, display, and territorial behaviour in K. castrensis.

Brazil has decreased the utilization of wood under the form of either charcoal or fuel wood to about 10% of its energy consumption (year 2000). The same is not true for the Brazilian Amazonia where there is a growing demand of charcoal for the production of pig iron in the Greater Carajas Program. The objective of the present study is to verify the feasibility of using electrolytic hydrogen instead of charcoal for the direct reduction of iron ore in that region. Techno, economic and environmental aspects are considered. This study can be benefcial to Brazil in general and Amazonia in particular since natural resources might be preserved and pollution avoided.

Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDEs) comprise qualitative and/or quantitative changes to the enamel during amelogenesis. The aetiology of DDE remains inconclusive.To determine the association of pre, peri, and postnatal factors with the presence of DDE.Cross-sectional study with 353 children (8 to 11 years-old) in a Brazilian town.One calibrated dentist assessed DDE using the Developmental Defects of Enamel Index and a questionnaire collected medical and sociodemographic data.Children with at least one type of DDE were categorized into the DDE group. Subtypes of DDE were also recorded.63.1% of children had at least one type of DDE. Diffuse opacity was present in 36.7%, demarcated opacity in 14.8%, and hypoplasia in 5.83% of the children. In multivariate analysis, demarcated opacities and hypoplasia were associated with birth weight ⟨ 2500g (OR = 4.82; 95% CI 1.23-1.95).Low birth weight predicted DDE.

Bitcoin is the most popular digital currency. It is not controlled by any sort of central bank or government institution and is the preferred payment method requested by cyber criminals through ransomware. This type of malware encrypts a victim’s files and forces them to pay a ransom in order to regain access. In this short paper, Bitcoin transaction data of tenyears is analyzed by generating a K-Means clustering model, using it to predict each sample’s cluster, and then creating a confusion matrix and evaluating the results (Rand Score).

Summary The giant pre-salt Bacalhau field is located in the Santos Basin, and is the first pre-salt greenfield development by an international oil company (IOC) in Brazil. Bacalhau is a complex, overpressured field with high quality carbonate reservoirs with light oil belonging to the Barra Velha Formation. This work presents the story from the appraisal to development of the production of the field that will be a future cornerstone of Equinor daily production.

We designed a device that converts sound into light through an optoelectronic circuit including a blue LED connected to a single optical fiber in order to discuss fast and long distance communication in classroom.

To evaluate the evolution of vitamin D levels (25OHD) in patients submitted to bariatric surgery.Retrospective study, conducted with patients submitted to bariatric surgery between 2013 and 2018, in a city in the Northeast of Brazil. The variations of 25OHD, weight, body mass index (BMI), and total lymphocyte count were analyzed and compared for preoperative and postoperative periods of 6 and 12 months. Vitamin D levels below 30ng/mL were considered insufficient. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for repeated measures, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. To identify variables related to vitamin D, Pearson's correlation test and linear regression analysis were used. A significance level of 5% (p0.05) was adopted.A total of 646 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 41.3 ± 10.8 years. Most of the patients were female (75%) and had 25OHD insufficiency in the preoperative period (79.1%). It was found that in the postoperative period there was an increase in vitamin D levels. Linear regression showed that the variation in vitamin D is negatively influenced by BMI in the preoperative period (β = -0.20; p = 0.02) and by BMI (β = -0.38; p0.001) and by age (β = -0.08; p = 0.02) in the 6-month postoperative period.There was an increase in vitamin D levels in the postoperative period. BMI proved to be a negative factor for obtaining adequate levels of vitamin D in the preoperative period and in the 6-month postoperative period.

Methods for image data stream classification need to update their model constantly and many of these perform this in a supervised way. However, these studies evaluate the performance of their methods assuming that all labels will be available immediately after classification, which is not consistent with various real-world application scenarios. This article proposes a new evaluation method for image data stream classifiers that allows for the exploration of different issues present in real-world applications, such as the emergence of new classes, the evolution of existing classes, and delayed image labels after classification. Through an analysis of the experimental results, we verified that the proposed evaluation method allowed the identification of the issues that most impact the accuracy of the image classifier, indicating a need to direct efforts in carrying out future works to develop strategies to mitigate these issues.

From dye-sensitized solar cells to photodynamic therapy, the design of new photosensitizers involves different computational strategies. In this work, we present selected examples aiming at illustrating the limitations and advantages of each selected strategy, as well as listing useful descriptors. Hybrid functionals are reasonable approaches to determine properties related to the electronic absorption spectrum; however, for metallic complexes such as metalloporphyrins, one may be careful in selecting the DFT approach. Self-aggregation of dyes is a phenomenon the experimentalists try to avoid, and it is essential to include dispersion corrections and solvation effects to understand the energetics of this process. Aggregation may be driven by π-stacking or hydrophobic effects, depending on the dye composition. Besides all those characteristics, the design of a new photosensitizer may involve evaluating substitution and anchoring groups, push-pull effects, photostability, and reaction mechanisms in the excited states.

Learning technologies are innovating the Education, offering resources that enrich the teaching-learning process. Among the various resources offered, Augmented Reality (AR) stands out, where real and virtual worlds are mixed. However, AR brings visual-based interactions only, blocking any experiences from students with visual limitations. Therefore, this work explored the accessibility guidelines in order to match the experience of a visually impaired user with a non-impaired user while interacting with AR. Thus, to verify if this is possible an AR application, Accessible Chemistry, was developed. Based on assisted technologies, it aimed to teach concepts of atoms connections and compounds formations to students with low vision. Finally, a predictive evaluation was made to validate it"s accessibility.

This chapter aims to study the drying of sisal fibers. The interest in this type of material is related to its high mechanical performance. Several important topics such as theory, experiments, lumped and distributed mathematical modeling, and technological applications of fibers are presented and discussed. Emphasis is given to advanced distributed modeling that describes the heat and mass transfer in a wet fiber bed during drying. The model includes different effects such as bed porosity, fiber and bed moisture, coupling between heat and mass transport, and conduction, convection, and evaporation heat transfer. Results of fiber drying and heating kinetics, temperature distribution, and water vapor concentration in the fibrous bed are presented, compared with experimental data and analyzed.

In a public dataset of transcripts differentially expressed in selected neuronal subpopulations of the arcuate nucleus, we identified TLR4-interactor with leucine-rich repeats (Tril) as a potential candidate for mediating the harmful effects of a high-fat diet in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. The non-cell-specific inhibition of Tril in the arcuate nucleus resulted in reduced hypothalamic inflammation, protection against diet-induced obesity associated with increased whole-body energy expenditure and increased systemic glucose tolerance. The inhibition of Tril, specifically in POMC neurons, resulted in a trend for protection against diet-induced obesity, increased energy expenditure and increased hypothalamic sensitivity to leptin. Thus, Tril emerges as a new component of the complex mechanisms that promote hypothalamic dysfunction in experimental diet-induced obesity.

Hyperspectral images (HIs) are characterized by a higher spectral resolution than other images and have applications in various fields, to wit, medicine, agriculture, mining, among others. Segmentation can be obtained from the pixel classification and it is a powerful tool for object identification. Notwithstanding, the problems of the curse of dimensionality and the demand for computational resources occur due to the number of bands. Techniques that reduce dimensionality, such as genetic algorithms, are promising, but they cannot assure a balance between conflicting objectives such as improving classification and reducing the number of bands. Multiobjective band selection can be applied to search for tradeoff solutions that have this balance. Therefore, in this manuscript, we propose a novel method called Incorporated Decision-Marker-based multiobjective band selection (IDMMoBS) that tries to find tradeoff solutions using spectral and spatial information. In the experiments, the IDMMoBS reduced the number of bands between 85.4 and 85.8 percent of the total and it outperformed the majority of other methods compared in this criterion. For the pixel classification, the IDMMoBS presented better results than all compared cases taking into account all evaluated metrics using SVM classifier. Accordingly, the IDMMoBS is suitable for band selection.

OpenACC é uma API que facilita muito o trabalho de quem atua na area de \textit{High Performance Computing}. Porém ao se tratar da escolha do compilador o usuário pode carecer de informações. Assim este trabalho compara os compiladores PGI e GCC mostrando que aplicações com PGI executam 31\% mais rápido e consomem 25\% menos energia que aplicações compiladas com GCC

The use of prestress for the structural strengthening of timber elements is not new and has been used before to increase the load capacity and ductility of timber beams. The work presented herein a...

In the present study we used stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) analysis of whiskers to investigate the isotopic niche overlap and partition among three pack ice seals sampled along the Danco Coast, Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). Isotopic values in serially sampled whiskers of 34 leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx, HL), 13 crabeater (Lobodon carcinophaga, LC) and 14 Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii, LW) seals were measured. Two clusters of leopard seals were identified based on their δ15N values: a high-trophic level group (HLhigh) and a low-trophic level group (HLlow). Overlap in SEAc was only seen between HL and LC, while HL and LW showed an overlap in their convex hulls, but no overlap in SEAc. Diet compositions estimated using Bayesian stable isotope mixing models revealed intra- and interspecific differences among seals. For leopard seals highest dietary contributor was krill, while for HLhigh krill and fish_cephalopod were the main contributors. Mixing models run separately for each HL seal showed a large variation in the proportional contribution of krill (12–90%) compared to the other sources (cephalopods, fish, penguins and seals). The crabeater seals almost exclusively consumed krill, with a low contribution of the other prey. Weddell seals, on the other hand, showed a high proportion of fish and a lower contribution of cephalopods and penguins, while the contribution of krill seemed to be minimal. This study is the first to compare isotopic niches of three Antarctic seals from the WAP. Our results indicate that crabeater and leopard seals seem to have a strong and a considerable dependence on krill, respectively. Although the WAP is characterized by an unusually high production of Antarctic krill the large community of vertebrate predators that feed upon this resource (penguins, seals and baleen whales) should be especially vulnerable under future scenarios of reduction of krill biomass. Under the current drastic environmental changes in the WAP, continuing to monitor WAP seal diets and the relative contribution of krill to them will help understand the degree to which climate change may alter the population dynamics of these upper trophic level species.